| 1. |
- Avdic, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in sickness absence and the morbidity-mortality paradox : a longitudinal study using Swedish administrative registers
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To analyse whether gender-specific health behaviour can be an explanation for why women outlive men, while having worse morbidity outcomes, known as the morbidity-mortality or gender paradox. Setting The working population in Sweden. Participants Thirty per cent random sample of Swedish women and men aged 40-59 with a hospital admission in the 1993-2004 period were included. The sample for analysis consists of 233274 individuals (115430 men and 117844 women) and in total 1 867013 observations on sickness absence. Intervention Hospital admission across 18 disease categories. Main outcome measures The main outcome measures were sickness absence (morbidity) and mortality. Longitudinal data at the individual level allow us to study how sickness absence changed after a hospital admission in men and women using a difference-in-differences regression analysis. Cox regression models are used to study differences in mortality after the admission. Results Women increased their sickness absence after a hospital admission by around five more days per year than men (95% CI 5.25 to 6.22). At the same time, men had higher mortality in the 18 diagnosis categories analysed. The pattern of more sickness absence in women was the same across 17 different diagnosis categories. For neoplasm, with a 57% higher risk of death for men (54.18%-59.89%), the results depended on the imputation method of sickness for those deceased. By using the premortality means of sickness absence, men had an additional 14.47 (-16.30- -12.64) days of absence, but with zero imputation women had an additional 1.6 days of absence (0.05-3.20). Analyses with or without covariates revealed a coherent picture. Conclusions The pattern of increased sickness absence (morbidity) and lower mortality in women provides evidence on the more proactive and preventive behaviour of women than of men, which could thus explain the morbidity-mortality paradox.
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| 2. |
- Engström, Per, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Early Interventions and Disability Insurance : Experience from a Field Experiment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Economic Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0013-0133 .- 1468-0297. ; 127, s. 363-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the effects of early assessments of an individual's need for vocational rehabilitation in the Swedish sickness insurance system using a field experiment. One of the interventions increases the flow to disability benefits by 20%. The effect is larger for unemployed individuals, who also are covered by the sickness insurance scheme. This result is in line with a theoretical model with moral hazard and asymmetric information in which individuals with low work incentives communicate worse health in response to the assessment for rehabilitation which then increases the hazard to disability benefits.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Are there pre-programme effects of active placement efforts? : Evidence from a social experiment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Economics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1765 .- 1873-7374. ; 112:1, s. 91-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This note estimates pre-programme effects of active placement programmes. Estimation is based on a social experiment conducted in three Swedish counties in 2004. I find that placement programmes could substantially increase transitions both to jobs and other exits before programme start.
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| 5. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Are there pre-programme effects of Swedish active labour market policies? - Evidence from three randomised experiments
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper experimental data from three Swedish demonstration programmes in 2004 are used to study pre-programme effects of active placement efforts. In one of the experiments, targeted towards a broad group of UI receivers, arranged job-search activities in groups combined with increased monitoring of job-search efforts generated a 46 per cent increase in the escape rate between referral to and start of the programme services. This translates into a two-week reduction of the ongoing UI spell. Referrals to increased monitoring alone did not have the same effect on exit behaviour. In the other two experiments, targeted towards youth and highly educated respectively, referrals to active placement efforts had no effect on the pre-programme outflow.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Det våras för experimenten
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 35:8, s. 31-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Do time limits in the sickness insurance system increase return to work?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Empirical Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0377-7332 .- 1435-8921. ; 45:1, s. 567-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes the effect of stricter enforcement of the eligibility criteria in the Swedish sickness insurance (SI) system. In 2008, time-restricted assessments of the individual’s working capacity on the 91st and 181st sick day was introduced. Taking advantage of the quasi-experimental feature of the intervention, I find a large and significant increased exit rate around the 181-day assessment. The impact is the result of longer spells outside SI-benefits, indicating that the stricter rules create disincentives to report sick.
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| 10. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Effects of Changes in the Unemployment Insurance Eligibility Requirements on Job Duration - Swedish Evidence
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigates the impact of the unemployment insurance (UI) entrance requirement on employment duration among earlier unemployed in Sweden. I exploit changes in the rules taking place in 1994 and 1997 to study behavioural adjustments in the timing of job separation in 1992, 1996, and 1998 respectively. Performing across-year analyses with years involving different working requirements, I find evidence of clustering of job exits at the time of UI qualification. By using predicted hazard rates for each week, I calculate an approximate 2.9-week extension in average employment duration between 1996 and 1998, due to the 5-week prolonging of the entrance requirement.
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