| 1. |
- Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Cracking and Fatigue of Heavy Loaded Prestressed Concrete Bridge in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. - Zürich : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. ; , s. 792-799
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prestressed concrete bridge was built in 1963 with BBRV cables. It has three spans and a total length of 134.8 m. Due to mining activities the bridge was loaded with trucks with a total weight of 90 ton during 2012-2014 and from 2019. Crack development has been monitored manually and from 2020 with strain gauges and LVDTs.Cracks normally vary between 0.1 to 0.3 mm in width and grow in length with time. In November 2020 some of the strain gauges on the concrete showed alarming growth and the bridge was closed for traffic. Additional strain gauges were installed on vertical reinforcement bars and an assessment was carried out of the fatigue capacity of the bridge. It was found that the new strain gauges did not indicate any growth in strain and that the fatigue capacity was sufficient. The bridge could be opened again for traffic after being closed for five weeks. Monitoring drift in the strain gauges and fatigue are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Arthur, Rhonda, et al.
(författare)
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Serum glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol in relation to prostate cancer death in the Swedish AMORIS study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - : Springer. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 30:2, s. 195-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Lifestyle-related conditions such as obesity are associated with prostate cancer progression, but the associations with hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are unclear. This study, therefore, aims to examine the association of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol with prostate cancer death. Methods: From the Swedish AMORIS cohort, we selected 14,150 men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1996 and 2011 who had prediagnostic measurements of serum glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionmodels were used to determine the hazard ratios for death in relation to the aforementioned metabolic markers. Results: Using clinical cut-off points, a non-significant positive association was observed between glucose and prostate cancer death. When compared to those with glucose in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile had greater risk of prostate cancer death (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.02-1.39). However, neither total cholesterol nor triglycerides were associated with prostate cancer death. Glucose and triglycerides were positively associated with overall, cardiovascular, and other deaths. Hypercholesterolemia was only associated with risk of CVD death. Conclusion: Our results suggest that glucose levels may influence prostate cancer survival, but further studies using repeated measurements are needed to further elucidate how glucose levels may influence prostate cancer progression.
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| 3. |
- Axelsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic consequences of dog breed formation-Accumulation of deleterious genetic variation and fixation of mutations associated with myxomatous mitral valve disease in cavalier King Charles spaniels
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 17:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective breeding for desirable traits in strictly controlled populations has generated an extraordinary diversity in canine morphology and behaviour, but has also led to loss of genetic variation and random entrapment of disease alleles. As a consequence, specific diseases are now prevalent in certain breeds, but whether the recent breeding practice led to an overall increase in genetic load remains unclear. Here we generate whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from 20 dogs per breed from eight breeds and document a similar to 10% rise in the number of derived alleles per genome at evolutionarily conserved sites in the heavily bottlenecked cavalier King Charles spaniel breed (cKCs) relative to in most breeds studied here. Our finding represents the first clear indication of a relative increase in levels of deleterious genetic variation in a specific breed, arguing that recent breeding practices probably were associated with an accumulation of genetic load in dogs. We then use the WGS data to identify candidate risk alleles for the most common cause for veterinary care in cKCs-the heart disease myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). We verify a potential link to MMVD for candidate variants near the heart specific NEBL gene in a dachshund population and show that two of the NEBL candidate variants have regulatory potential in heartderived cell lines and are associated with reduced NEBL isoform nebulette expression in papillary muscle (but not in mitral valve, nor in left ventricular wall). Alleles linked to reduced nebulette expression may hence predispose cKCs and other breeds to MMVD via loss of papillary muscle integrity.
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| 4. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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A new method for continuous tonometric pCO2 measurement : in vitro studies
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 20:2, s. 129-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The available methods for tonometric pCO2 measurement only provide the possibility of performing intermittent registrations. A new method allowing continuous tonometric pCO2 measurement has been developed and tested in an in vitro model. A standard tonometer for intestinal pCO2 measurement was modified to allow continuous perfusion of the balloon with physiological saline solution in a closed system. The pCO2 in the system was determined in a specially sructed measurement chamber with a TCM20 percutaneous pCO2 monitor. In this in vitro model the tonometer balloon was placed in a saline bath with a constant pCO2 concentration and the measurements from the closed circulating system were compared with those obtained from a standard tonometer placed in the same bath. In 8 and 24 h experiments the circulating system measured the pCO2 value as accurately and reliably as traditional tonometry. This study indicates that the new method makes continuous monitoring of pCO2 possible
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| 5. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal pHi studied with continuous saline tonometry during ischaemia and reperfusion in the pig.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 24:2, s. 150-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate continuous saline tonometry for detection of progressive intestinal ischaemia and reperfusion in a porcine model. DESIGN: In eight anaesthetised pigs, small bowel mucosal pCO2 was recorded by means of two identical equipments for continuous saline tonometry and a standard tonometry balloon during ischaemia and reperfusion. RESULTS: Both systems of saline tonometry functioned stably during the four hour protocol ischaemia, although not significant until after 45 min for one of the tonometers. CONCLUSION: The equipment for continuous saline tonometry has a good reactivity, an accuracy comparable with standard tonometry.
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| 6. |
- Fröjse, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a novel method for continuous saline tonometry in a porcine model
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 22:3, s. 453-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Only intermittent and semi-continuous tonometric measurement of gastric and intestinal pHi is possible with the equipment available today. Earlier we developed a system for continuous saline tonometry and tested it in vitro. To assess the in vivo reliability of this method for continuous gastrointestinal saline tonometry, a standard tonometer for measurement of intestinal pCO2 and corresponding pHi was modified to allow continuous perfusion of physiological saline in a closed system and tested in a porcine model. In 11 anaesthetized and haemodynamically stable pigs, two continuous tonometry balloons were inserted into the distal small bowel, and a standard tonometry balloon was used as reference. To test long-term function of the continuous tonometers the research protocol lasted for eight hours. The two continuous saline tonometers performed well, and after an equilibration time of three hours the mean pHi values were stable between 7.35 and 7.43 and between 7.32 and 7.39 respectively. The standard tonometer measured stable pHi values. These preliminary studies indicate that continuous saline tonometry performs well over eight hours with a small bias and a good precision
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| 7. |
- Holmberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Number of transurethral procedures after non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and survival in causes other than bladder cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:9 September
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Previous research has associated repeated transurethral procedures after a diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with increased risk of death of causes other than bladder cancer. Aim We investigated the overall and disease-specific risk of death in patients with NMIBC compared to a background population sample. Methods We utilized the database BladderBaSe 2.0 containing tumor-specific, health-related and socio-demographic information for 38,547 patients with NMIBC not primarily treated with radical cystectomy and 192,733 individuals in a comparison cohort, matched on age, gender, and county of residence. The cohorts were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and Hazard ratios (HR) from a Cox regression models. In the NMIBC cohort, we analyzed the association between number of transurethral procedures and death conditioned on surviving two or five years. Results Overall survival and survival from causes other than bladder cancer estimated with Kaplan- Meier curves was 9.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) (8.6%-10.0%)) and 1.4% (95% CI 0.7%-2.1%) lower respectively for the NMIBC cohort compared to the comparison cohort at ten years. In a Cox model adjusted for prognostic group, educational level and comorbidity, the HR was 1.03 (95% CI 1.01-1.05) for death from causes other than bladder cancer comparing the NMIBC cohort to the comparison cohort. Among the NMIBC patients, there was no discernible association between number of transurethral procedures and deaths of causes other than bladder cancer after adjustment. The number of procedures were, however, associated with risk of dying from bladder cancer HR 3.56 (95% CI 3.43-3.68) for four or more resections versus one within two years of follow-up. Conclusion The results indicate that repeated diagnostic or therapeutic transurethral procedures under follow-up do not increase of risk dying from causes other than bladder cancer. The modestly raised risk for NMIBC patients dying from causes other than bladder cancer is likely explained by residual confounding. © 2022 Holmberg et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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| 8. |
- Häggström, Caroline
(författare)
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Synthesis gas from black liquor : trace components and methanol synthesis
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The common European Energy and Climate policy states that in 2020 the share of biofuels for inland transports should be 10 %. Such a stipulation calls for a commercially sustainable biofuel production. A promising route for Sweden is biofuel production via gasification of black liquor, which could replace about 25 % of the current Swedish consumption of transportation fuel. The main components in the gas produced by black liquor gasification are H2, CO, CO2, N2, CH4 and H2S, which has been reported in previous work. In the present work, trace components in synthesis gas produced via black liquor gasification have been characterized, since trace components could influence the subsequent fuel synthesis. Of the trace components, the most abundant ones were benzene at an average concentration of about 60 ppm, followed by COS, with an average concentration of about 50 ppm. In addition, low amounts (i.e. a few ppm), of C2-hydrocarbons were observed in the gas. No tars were observed in the gas, but tars were observed in some deposits at pipe walls. The concentration of particles in the synthesis gas was very low; < 0.1 mg/Nm3. Submicron particles were comprised of elements such as C, O, Na, Si, S, Cl, K, and Ca, and these particles probably originated from black liquor. Larger particles were comprised mainly of Fe, S and Ni and were probably the result of corrosion of steel in the plant pipe-work. Synthesis gas was also purified by passing beds of active carbon and zinc oxide, mixed with hydrogen gas from cylinders and in the present work, for the first time, catalytically converted to methanol using bench scale equipment during 45 hours in total. The space time yield of methanol produced at a pressure of 25 bar was 0.16-0.19 g methanol/ (g catalyst h) and comparable results were obtained using synthesis gas from gas cylinders with pure gas. The spent catalyst, exposed to gas from the gasifier, was slightly enriched in Ca and Na at the inlet of the reactor and in B and Ni at the outlet of the reactor. Ca, Na and B probably stem from black liquor whereas Ni probably originates from the stainless steel in the equipment. A slight deactivation of the catalyst exposed to gas from the gasifier was identified but it was not possible to reveal the origin of the deactivation. However, the surface area and mesoporosity of the catalyst was reduced. As expected, the produced methanol also contained water and traces of hydrocarbons up to C4, ethanol and dimethyl ether. In summary, this work has shown that the synthesis gas produced by gasification of black liquor is pure and that methanol synthesis from the gas is quite feasible.
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| 9. |
- Häggström, Marie, PhD, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing Patient Safety in Intensive Care -A Grounded Theory. : Building Trust-Important for Patient Safety
- 2017
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 07:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The modern intensive care unit (ICU) is a complex and high-risk environment, and even small adverse events and changes may deteriorate the patient’s conditions and eventually cause harm. Many factors can potentially be associated within an increased amount of errors, leading to adverse events. Nurses, nurse managers, and other leaders all play important roles in establishing patient safety. Aim: This study aimed to obtain a deeper understanding of leaders’ and nurses’ main concerns in establishing patient safety in Swedish intensive care units. Method: A grounded theory methodology was used. Data from 15 interviews with leaders and nurses involved in critical care in Sweden were collected, analysed and constant compared. Findings: The main concern in establishing patient safety was promoting quality of care, work engagement, and staffs well-being in strained ICUs. The core category building trust explained how the leaders’ and nurses’ strove for quality of care and wished a healthy, safe work environment. This is further explained in the categories “Being an accessible and able leader”, “Creating knowledge and understanding”, and “Establishing collaborative practice”. Conclusion: Establishing patient safety in the ICU requires that staffs enjoy going to work, have good work relations, are committed and want to stay at the unit. A healthy, salutogenetic unit with a work environment marked by trust provides a better opportunity to establish patient safety, and various leaders have potential to achieve this.
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| 10. |
- Häggström-Nordin, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual behaviour and contraceptive use among Swedish high school students in two cities : Comparisons between genders, study programmes, and over time
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of contraception & reproductive health care. - London, United Kingdom : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-5187 .- 1473-0782. ; 16:1, s. 36-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate sexual behaviour and contraceptive use among first-year high school students in two Swedish cities in 2009, to compare male and female students, students in theoretical and vocational study programmes, and their sexual behaviour with that reported in 1979, 1989 and 1999. Methods In a cluster sample of 20 classes, students (N387), median age 16 years, completed a questionnaire consisting of 46 questions. Results More girls than boys had experienced petting (p≤0.003) and had received oral sex (p≤0.01). More boys than girls had masturbated (p≤0.0001) and watched pornography (p≤0.0001). The median age at first sexual intercourse was 15 years. Students in vocational programmes were more sexually experienced compared to their theoretical peers. The proportion of students having had sexual intercourse (p≤0.0002), and contraceptive use at first (p≤0.0001) and latest (p≤0.0001) sexual intercourse increased from 1979 to 2009. Alcohol use at first intercourse decreased over the period (p≤0.0001). Conclusion sGirls were more sexually experienced than boys, as were students in vocational programmes compared to their theoretical peers; this should be considered when tailoring sex education and counselling. Over time, an increase in students having had sexual intercourse, and contraceptive use at first and latest sexual intercourse was found.
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