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- Håkansson Eklund, Jakob, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Same same or different? A review of reviews of person-centred and patient-centred care.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; :1, s. 3-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo provide a synthesis of already synthesized literature on person-centered care and patient-centered care in order to identify similarities and differences between the two concepts.MethodsA synthesis of reviews was conducted to locate synthesized literature published between January 2000 and March 2017. A total of 21 articles deemed relevant to this overview were synthesized using a thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in nine themes present in person-centered as well as in patient-centered care: (1) empathy, (2), respect (3), engagement, (4), relationship, (5) communication, (6) shared decision-making, (7) holistic focus, (8), individualized focus, and (9) coordinated care. The analysis also revealed that the goal of person-centered care is a meaningful life while the goal of patient-centered care is a functional life.ConclusionsWhile there are a number of similarities between the two concepts, the goals for person-centered and patient-centered care differ. The similarities are at the surface and there are important differences when the concepts are regarded in light of their different goals.Practice implicationsClarification of the concepts may assist practitioners to develop the relevant aspects of care. Person-centered care broadens and extends the perspective of patient-centered care by considering the whole life of the patient.
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- Skogevall, Sofia, 1979-
(författare)
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Telephone nurses’ work with persons calling healthcare services frequently
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Telephone nursing constitutes a significant part of total healthcare and is increasing in society. Often it entails the care-seeking person’s first contact with healthcare and can be crucial for the whole episode of healthcare for the individual person. In every telephone healthcare context, there are persons who call repeatedly, commonly referred to as frequent callers. The definition of the term frequent caller however varies across studies. The frequent calling can affect the telephone nurses working environment and thereby the healthcare for frequent callers and other callers as well. It is a challenge for the healthcare system and telephone nurses to help these callers in an already stressful call-center environment with high time-pressure and limited time for each call. There is limited research on frequent callers, and the existing research has been conducted in different healthcare contexts. Frequent callers seem to be a vulnerable group with a larger need to call healthcare services. Therefore, the overall aim of this thesis is to describe telephone nurses work with frequent callers to telephone nursing services and how frequent callers can be helped. To gather and integrate the existing research an integrative review was conducted on frequent callers in different healthcare contexts, Study I. The results showed that frequent callers are a heterogeneous group with complex healthcare needs and mental ill-health. The suggestions for helping frequent callers were individual strategies and cooperation among health services.To investigate how telephone nurses perceive to handle frequent caller calls, in Study II a survey was conducted at Sweden’s national telephone nursing service, 1177. The survey was answered by 199 telephone nurses at 11 sites. The answers were analyzed with content analysis and summative analysis. The results showed that telephone nurses sometimes feel hopelessness in helping frequent callers. They were also afraid of missing something urgent in the calls with frequent callers. Suggestions for handling frequent caller calls was a common strategy at the workplace and to truly listen to frequent callers when they call. Further, to find out about parameters considered relevant for telephone nurses working environment in the task of answering frequent caller calls, three parameters were added to the survey: stress, self-efficacy, and empathy. The answers were analyzed statistically with correlation analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that telephone nurses who were already stressed perceived higher levels of stress in relation to frequent caller calls. Self-efficacy worked as a significant mediator for the other parameters and was correlated with lower stress and higher empathy. Telephone nurses who had worked for more than 30 years had lower empathy that those who had worked shorter than 30 years. There have been few interventions conducted of frequent callers and therefore in Study IV a case study was performed where an intervention project with frequent callers at an emergency medical dispatch center was followed and analyzed. The project nurse gathered data from the frequent callers’ medical records. To describe the intervention that aimed to optimize healthcare for frequent callers from a person-centered perspective, an interview was carried out with the project nurse and one caller from the project. The results showed that the most common cause for calling was anxiety. The frequent callers had overall tough life-situations. When individual nurse strategies were realized in the project, most of the callers stopped calling or the calls decreased.Conclusions are that to help frequent callers it is suggested to work person-centered and individualize the healthcare nurse strategies. Cooperation within the current healthcare service as well as with other healthcare services is crucial.
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- Summer Meranius, Martina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Paradoxes of person‐centred care : A discussion paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 7:5, s. 1321-1329
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Previous research has mainly focused on the advantages of PCC and less on its disadvantages. Hence, there is a need to further explore the recent research regard-ing PCC from both sides. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to elucidate the advan-tages and disadvantages of PCC.DESIGN: Discussion paper.METHODS: We searched relevant literature published January 2000–March 2018 in PubMed, Medline, CHINAL, Scopus and Web of Science.RESULTS: The results showed that PCC can contribute to improved health and well-being, improved mutual interaction in relationships, improved cost-effectiveness and im-proved work environment, while the disadvantages can involve increased personal and financial costs, exclusion of certain groups, increased personal and financial costs, exclu-sion of staff's personhood and unfairness due to empathy. An analysis of the existing literature on PCC showed paradoxes, which call for further investigation.
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| 7. |
- Hansen, Eric M., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Does Feeling Empathy Lead to Compassion Fatigue or Compassion Satisfaction? : The Role of Time Perspective
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychology. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0022-3980 .- 1940-1019. ; 152:8, s. 630-645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has shown that feeling empathy sometimes leads to compassion fatigue and sometimes to compassion satisfaction. In three studies, participants recalled an instance when they felt empathy in order to assess the role time perspective plays in how empathizers perceive the consequences of empathy. Study 1 revealed that college students perceive empathy as having more negative consequences in the short term, but more positive consequences in the long term. Study 2 showed that service industry professionals perceive the consequences of feeling empathy for customers who felt bad as less negative, and the consequences of feeling empathy for people who felt good as less positive, in the long as opposed to the short term. Because Studies 1 and 2 confounded time perspective with event specificity a third study was conducted in which event specificity was held constant across time perspectives. The same pattern of results emerged. The results of these studies indicate that perceptions of the effects of feeling empathy, whether positive or negative, become less extreme over time. These findings shed light on the relation between empathy and compassion fatigue and satisfaction by suggesting that situations that initially are experienced as stressful can over time make the empathizer stronger.
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| 8. |
- Håkansson Eklund, Jakob, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Empathy levels among nursing students : A comparative cross-sectional study.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nursing open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 983-989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Empathy is a crucial component of the nurse-patient relationship, but knowledge is lacking as to when empathy develops during nursing education. The aim of the present study was to compare empathy levels at different stages of undergraduate nursing education and different master's nursing programmes.Design: The design was a comparative cross-sectional study.Methods: A total of 329 participants in Sweden, comprised of nursing students in their second and sixth semesters in an undergraduate nursing programme as well as master's nursing students, rated their own empathy using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy.Results: Students in their sixth semester in an undergraduate nursing programme expressed more empathy than did students in their second semester and master's nursing students. Among the five master's programmes, public-health nursing students expressed the most empathy and intensive-care nursing students the least.
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| 9. |
- Håkansson Eklund, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a consensus on the nature of empathy : A review of reviews
- 2021
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 104:2, s. 300-307
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective was to provide a synthesis of already synthesized literature on empathy in order to identify similarities and differences among conceptualizations.Methods: A review of reviews was conducted to locate synthesized literature published between January 1980 and December 2019. Two authors screened and extracted data, and quality-appraised the sources. A total of 52 articles deemed relevant to this overview were synthesized using thematic analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in four themes found in most empathy conceptualizations. In empathy, the empathizer (1) understands, (2) feels, and (3) shares another person’s world (4) with self-other differentiation.Conclusions: Most writings about empathy begin by claiming that there is far from a consensus on how empathy should be defined. This article shows a developing consensus among neuroscientists, psychologists, medical scientists, nursing scientists, philosophers, and others that empathy involves understanding, feeling, sharing, and self-other differentiation.Practice implications: A clarification of the content of empathy may assist practitioners and researchers in avoiding confusion regarding the meaning of the concept, as well as in developing and measuring the relevant aspects of the concept.
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