| 1. |
- Möller, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Glacial history and palaeo-environmental change of southern Taimyr Peninsula, Arctic Russia, during the Middle and Late Pleistocene
- 2019
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Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0012-8252 .- 1872-6828. ; 196
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We here reconstruct a glacial and climate history of arctic NW Siberia for the last similar to 600,000 years, based on the stratigraphy and chronology of 35 studied river sections on the southern Taimyr Peninsula. From this strati graphic mosaic we have identified four glacial events, marked by tills/glaciotectonics, which are intercalated with mainly marine sediments deposited in proglacial settings during transitions from glacial conditions into subsequent interglacials/interstadials. The traces of early shelf-based Kara Sea Ice Sheet (KSIS) glaciations in marine isotope stages (MIS) 12-14 and 8 are sparsely preserved, but these ice advances are suggested to have terminated far south into the central Siberian uplands, as also was the case with the younger Taz glaciation (MIS 6). The inception phase of the latter glaciation was complex, with ice advancing into a proglacial marine basin both from the south (Putorana - Anabar uplands) and the north. The deglaciation leading into the Karginsky interglacial (MIS 5e) was marked by the development of the southerrunost ice-marginal zones (IMZs) on the Taimyr lowlands - the Urdakh and Sampesa IMZs. The most recent (late Pleistocene) glacial cycle is recorded by three successively smaller KSIS advances from the Kara Sea shelf onto Taimyr, of which only the first, during Early Zyryanka (MIS 5d), reached south of the Byrranga Mountains, with its maximum extent marked by the Jangoda - Syntabul - Severokokorsky IMZ. Retreat of the ice margin during MIS 5c-b was accompanied by deposition of glaciomarine sediment in the proglacial basin and deposition of large successions of delta sediments in the foothills of the Byrranga Motmtains, reaching a >= 100 m above present sea level. The region north of the Byrranga Mountains was subjected to two subsequent KSIS glaciations, during MIS 4 and MIS 2, while the area south of the Byrranga Mountains transitioned to a terrestrial environment from the Middle into the Lower Zyryanka, as evidenced by deposition of fluvial, aeolian and ice-complex (Yedoma) sediments.
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| 2. |
- Challis, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants in Sweden between two population-based national cohorts (2004-2007 vs 2014-2016)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 109, s. 87-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To investigate potential risk factors behind the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Swedish extremely preterm infants.Design Registry data from two population-based national cohorts were studied. NEC diagnoses (Bell stage >= II) were validated against hospital records.Patients All liveborn infants <27 weeks of gestation 2004-2007 (n=704) and 2014-2016 (n=895) in Sweden.Main outcome measures NEC incidence.Results The validation process resulted in a 28% reduction of NEC cases but still confirmed a higher NEC incidence in the later epoch compared with the earlier (73/895 (8.2%) vs 27/704 (3.8%), p=0.001), while the composite of NEC or death was lower (244/895 (27.3%) vs 229/704 (32.5%), p=0.022). In a multivariable Cox regression model, censored for mortality, there was no significant difference in early NEC (0-7 days of life) between epochs (HR=0.9 (95% CI 0.5 to 1.9), p=0.9), but being born in the later epoch remained an independent risk factor for late NEC (>7 days) (HR=2.7 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.0), p=0.001). In propensity score analysis, a significant epoch difference in NEC incidence (12% vs 2.8%, p<0.001) was observed only in the tertile of infants at highest risk of NEC, where the 28-day mortality was lower in the later epoch (35% vs 50%, p=0.001). More NEC cases were diagnosed with intramural gas in the later epoch (33/73 (45.2%) vs 6/26 (23.1%), p=0.047).Conclusions The increase in NEC incidence between epochs was limited to cases occurring after 7 days of life and was partly explained by increased survival in the most extremely preterm infants. Misclassification of NEC is common.
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| 3. |
- Cremer, H, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrology and diatom phytoplankton of high arctic lakes and ponds on Store Koldewey, northeast Greenland
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Review of Hydrobiology. - : Wiley. - 1434-2944. ; 90:1, s. 84-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We document hydrological and phytoplankton characteristics of nine lakes and two ponds on Store Koldewey, a culturally undisturbed island off Northeast Greenland. The limnological survey included the recording of temperature, conductivity, oxygen concentration and saturation, pH, ionic composition, transparency, and the diatom phytoplankton community. In summer 2003, the lakes were cold, monomictic, thermally unstratified, alkaline and likely oligotrophic water bodies. Diatom phytoplankton was present in six lakes and consisted of four dominant species (Aulacoseira tethera, Cyclotella pseudostelligera, C rossii, and Fragilaria tenera). The concentration of planktonic diatoms varied distinctly between the lakes.
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| 4. |
- Farooqi, Aijaz, et al.
(författare)
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One-year survival and outcomes of infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation in Sweden 2004-2007, 2014-2016 and 2017-2019
- 2024
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 109:1, s. 10-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo explore associations between perinatal activity and survival in infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of gestation in Sweden. Design/SettingData on all births at 22 and 23 weeks' gestational age (GA) were prospectively collected in 2004-2007 (T1) or obtained from national registers in 2014-2016 (T2) and 2017-2019 (T3). Infants were assigned perinatal activity scores based on 3 key obstetric and 4 neonatal interventions. Main outcomeOne-year survival and survival without major neonatal morbidities (MNM): intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3-4, cystic periventricular leucomalacia, surgical necrotising enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity stage 3-5 or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The association of GA-specific perinatal activity score and 1-year survival was also determined. Results977 infants (567 live births and 410 stillbirths) were included: 323 born in T1, 347 in T2 and 307 in T3. Among live-born infants, survival at 22 weeks was 5/49 (10%) in T1 and rose significantly to 29/74 (39%) in T2 and 31/80 (39%) in T3. Survival was not significantly different between epochs at 23 weeks (53%, 61% and 67%). Among survivors, the proportions without MNM in T1, T2 and T3 were 20%, 17% and 19% for 22 weeks and 17%, 25% and 25% for 23 weeks' infants (p>0.05 for all comparisons). Each 5-point increment in GA-specific perinatal activity score increased the odds for survival in first 12 hours of life (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.4; 95% CI 1.3 to 1.6) in addition to 1-year survival (aOR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.3), and among live-born infants it was associated with increased survival without MNM (aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.4). ConclusionIncreased perinatal activity was associated with reduced mortality and increased chances of survival without MNM in infants born at 22 and 23 weeks of GA.
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| 5. |
- Håkansson, Carita, et al.
(författare)
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Self-rated health in middle-aged women : Associations with sense of coherence and socioeconomic and health-related factors
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 10:3, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to describe and analyse self-rated health in relation to sense of coherence and socioeconomic and health-related factors and to explore the associations between self-rated health and these factors in order to identify health resources and health limitations in a group of healthy middle-aged women. Healthy middle-aged women from a defined geographical area in Southern Sweden ( n =577) answered a postal survey with the sense of coherence scale and questions about socioeconomic and health-related conditions. The results showed that very good/rather good self-rated health was associated with high sense of coherence and good economic situation, and these factors can be seen as a health resource. Poor self-rated health was most strongly associated with perceived symptoms of tension, weak sense of coherence, treatment for depression, treatment for chronic disease, and difficult economic situation, and these factors can be seen as health limitations. In conclusion, only 29% of the women rated their health as very good and 41% of the women had symptoms of tension but they were not sick-listed. It is of major public health interest to improve the understanding of self-rated health and to develop health promotion for women and methods to prevent symptoms of tension and sick-listing.
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| 6. |
- Håkansson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on in vivo administration of G-CSF on neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion
- 1997
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 98:3, s. 603-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect in vivo of G-CSF on neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion was studied after subcutaneous administration to six healthy individuals of human recombinant glycosylated G-CSF (lenograstim) (3 micrograms/kg) for 6 consecutive days. Basal adhesion and adhesion to E-selectin. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 of neutrophil and eosinophil granulocytes were measured selectively. During G-CSF administration neutrophil basal adhesion increased from 7.4 +/- 3.9% (mean +/- SD) to 55.8 +/- 12.9% and 23.2 +/- 4.4%, 4 and 7 d, respectively, after start of the administration. At the same time points eosinophil basal adhesion increased from 7.1 +/- 2.4% to 37.7 +/- 6.1% and 13.1 +/- 5.3%, respectively. When adhesion was measured in the presence of Mn2+, which increases the functional activity of integrins, an even higher increase of neutrophil and eosinophil basal adhesion was noted 4 and 7 d, respectively, after start of G-CSF administration. In parallel with the enhanced basal adhesion neutrophil adhesion to E-selectin and ICAM-1 and eosinophil adhesion to E-selectin. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly (P < 0.05) increased after 4 d of G-CSF administration as was neutrophil cell surface expression of CD11b and CD18. In vitro G-CSF induced minimal changes of granulocyte basal adhesion and inhibition of the adhesion to E-selectin. 10 ng/ml TNF alpha significantly increased neutrophil and eosinophil basal adhesion and adhesion to VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. In summary, administration of G-CSF to healthy subjects induced enhanced adhesion of neutrophil and eosinophil granulocytes, probably mediated by an increase of the functional capacity of beta 1- and beta 2-integrins. The induction of increased levels of TNF alpha might be one mechanism behind the in vivo effect of G-CSF administration.
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| 7. |
- Norman, M., et al.
(författare)
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Association Between Year of Birth and 1-Year Survival Among Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden During 2004-2007 and 2014-2016
- 2019
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Ingår i: Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association. - Chicago : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 321:12, s. 1188-1199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Since 2004-2007, national guidelines and recommendations have been developed for the management of extremely preterm births in Sweden. If and how more uniform management has affected infant survival is unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare survival of extremely preterm infants born during 2004-2007 with survival of infants born during 2014-2016. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS All births at 22-26weeks' gestational age (n = 2205) between April 1, 2004, and March 31, 2007, and between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2016, in Sweden were studied. Prospective data collection was used during 2004-2007. Data were obtained from the Swedish pregnancy, medical birth, and neonatal quality registries during 2014-2016. EXPOSURES Delivery at 22-26 weeks' gestational age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomewas infant survival to the age of 1 year. The secondary outcome was 1-year survival among live-born infants who did not have any major neonatal morbidity (specifically, without intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3-4, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity stage 3-5, or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia). RESULTS During 2004-2007, 1009 births (3.3/1000 of all births) occurred at 22-26 weeks' gestational age compared with 1196 births (3.4/1000 of all births) during 2014-2016 (P =.61). One-year survival among live-born infants at 22-26 weeks' gestational age was significantly lower during 2004-2007 (497 of 705 infants [70%]) than during 2014-2016 (711 of 923 infants [77%]) (difference, -7%[95% CI, -11% to -2.2%], P =.003). One-year survival among live-born infants at 22-26 weeks' gestational age and without any major neonatal morbidity was significantly lower during 2004-2007 (226 of 705 infants [32%]) than during 2014-2016 (355 of 923 infants [38%]) (difference, -6%[95% CI, -11% to -1.7%], P =.008). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among live births at 22-26 weeks' gestational age in Sweden, 1-year survival improved between 2004-2007 and 2014-2016.
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| 8. |
- Ordóñez-Mena, José Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of the smoking-associated cancer risk with rate advancement periods : meta-analysis of individual participant data from cohorts of the CHANCES consortium
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1741-7015. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Smoking is the most important individual risk factor for many cancer sites but its association with breast and prostate cancer is not entirely clear. Rate advancement periods (RAPs) may enhance communication of smoking related risk to the general population. Thus, we estimated RAPs for the association of smoking exposure (smoking status, time since smoking cessation, smoking intensity, and duration) with total and site-specific (lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, gastric, head and neck, and pancreatic) cancer incidence and mortality.Methods: This is a meta-analysis of 19 population-based prospective cohort studies with individual participant data for 897,021 European and American adults. For each cohort we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for the association of smoking exposure with cancer outcomes using Cox regression adjusted for a common set of the most important potential confounding variables. RAPs (in years) were calculated as the ratio of the logarithms of the HRs for a given smoking exposure variable and age. Meta-analyses were employed to summarize cohort-specific HRs and RAPs.Results: Overall, 140,205 subjects had a first incident cancer, and 53,164 died from cancer, during an average follow-up of 12 years. Current smoking advanced the overall risk of developing and dying from cancer by eight and ten years, respectively, compared with never smokers. The greatest advancements in cancer risk and mortality were seen for lung cancer and the least for breast cancer. Smoking cessation was statistically significantly associated with delays in the risk of cancer development and mortality compared with continued smoking.Conclusions: This investigation shows that smoking, even among older adults, considerably advances, and cessation delays, the risk of developing and dying from cancer. These findings may be helpful in more effectively communicating the harmful effects of smoking and the beneficial effect of smoking cessation.
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| 9. |
- Skoog, Ingmar, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Association between APOE Genotype and Change in Physical Function in a Population-Based Swedish Cohort of Older Individuals Followed Over Four Years
- 2016
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-4365. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between decline in physical function and age-related conditions, such as reduced cognitive performance and vascular disease, may be explained by genetic influence on shared biological pathways of importance for aging. The apolipoprotein F (APOE) gene is well-known for its association with Alzheimer's disease, but has also been related to other disorders of importance for aging. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between APOE allele status and physical function in a population-based longitudinal study of older individuals. In 2005, at the age of 75, 622 individuals underwent neuropsychiatric and physical examinations, including tests of physical function, and APOE-genotyping. Follow-up examinations were performed at age 79. A significantly larger decline in grip strength (p = 0.015) between age 75 and 79 was found when comparing APOE epsilon 4 allele carriers with non carriers [10.3 (+/- 10.8) kg versus 7.8 (+/- 10.1) kg]. No association was seen with decline in gait speed, chair-stand, or balance. The association with grip strength remained after correction for cognitive and educational level, depression, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and BMI.
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