| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Andrén Aronsson, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Association of gluten intake during the first 5 years of life with incidence of celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease among children at increased risk
- 2019
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Ingår i: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484. ; 322:6, s. 514-523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: High gluten intake during childhood may confer risk of celiac disease. Objectives: To investigate if the amount of gluten intake is associated with celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease in genetically at-risk children. Design, Setting, and Participants: The participants in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY), a prospective observational birth cohort study designed to identify environmental triggers of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease, were followed up at 6 clinical centers in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the United States. Between 2004 and 2010, 8676 newborns carrying HLA antigen genotypes associated with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease were enrolled. Screening for celiac disease with tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies was performed annually in 6757 children from the age of 2 years. Data on gluten intake were available in 6605 children (98%) by September 30, 2017. Exposures: Gluten intake was estimated from 3-day food records collected at ages 6, 9, and 12 months and biannually thereafter until the age of 5 years. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was celiac disease autoimmunity, defined as positive tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies found in 2 consecutive serum samples. The secondary outcome was celiac disease confirmed by intestinal biopsy or persistently high tissue transglutaminase autoantibody levels. Results: Of the 6605 children (49% females; median follow-up: 9.0 years [interquartile range, 8.0-10.0 years]), 1216 (18%) developed celiac disease autoimmunity and 447 (7%) developed celiac disease. The incidence for both outcomes peaked at the age of 2 to 3 years. Daily gluten intake was associated with higher risk of celiac disease autoimmunity for every 1-g/d increase in gluten consumption (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.22-1.38]; absolute risk by the age of 3 years if the reference amount of gluten was consumed, 28.1%; absolute risk if gluten intake was 1-g/d higher than the reference amount, 34.2%; absolute risk difference, 6.1% [95% CI, 4.5%-7.7%]). Daily gluten intake was associated with higher risk of celiac disease for every 1-g/d increase in gluten consumption (HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.35-1.66]; absolute risk by age of 3 years if the reference amount of gluten was consumed, 20.7%; absolute risk if gluten intake was 1-g/d higher than the reference amount, 27.9%; absolute risk difference, 7.2% [95% CI, 6.1%-8.3%]). Conclusions and Relevance: Higher gluten intake during the first 5 years of life was associated with increased risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease among genetically predisposed children.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hård af Segerstad, Elin M., et al.
(författare)
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Associations of dietary patterns between age 9 and 24 months with risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease among children at increased risk
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - 0002-9165. ; 118:6, s. 1099-1105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Higher gluten intake in childhood is associated with increased incidence of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) and celiac disease. It remains to be studied whether different dietary patterns independent of gluten intake contribute to the incidence. Objectives: This study aimed to explore associations of dietary patterns by age 2 y with risk of CDA and celiac disease in genetically susceptible children. Methods: Data was used from 6726 participants at genetic risk of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease enrolled in the observational cohort, The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Children were annually screened for tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGAs) from age 2 y. Principal component analysis extracted dietary patterns, based on intake of 27 food groups assessed by 3-d food records at age 9 to 24 mo. The primary outcome was CDA (i.e., persistently tTGA-positive in at least 2 consecutive samples), and the secondary outcome was celiac disease. During follow-up to mean age 11.0 (standard deviation 3.6) y, 1296 (19.3%) children developed CDA, and 529 (7.9%) were diagnosed with celiac disease. Associations of adherence to dietary patterns (per 5-unit increase) with the study outcomes were estimated by Cox regression models adjusted for risk factors including gluten intake. Results: At age 9 mo, a dietary pattern higher in the food groups vegetable fats and milk was associated with reduced risk of CDA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 0.98; P = 0.02). At 24 mo, a dietary pattern higher in the food groups wheat, vegetable fats, and juices, and lower in milk, meat, and oats at age 24 mo was associated with increased risk of CDA (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.33; P < 0.001) and celiac disease (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.50; P = 0.03). Conclusions: Dietary patterns in early childhood are associated with risk of CDA and celiac disease in genetically predisposed children, independent of gluten intake.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hård af Segerstad, P., et al.
(författare)
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A constitutive equation for open-cell cellular solids, including viscoplasticity, damage and deformation induced anisotropy
- 2008
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Ingår i: International journal of plasticity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0749-6419 .- 1879-2154. ; 24:5, s. 896-914
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thermodynamically consistent approach is developed for modelling the response of an open-cell cellular solid at finite compressive strains. The cellular solid is considered as a network of struts, where each strut connects two vertex points. A hypothesis is proposed that the vertex points move affinely in the finite strain regime, where the struts buckle plastically. The strut deformation is assumed to be 1-dimensional and depend directly on the macroscopic deformation; thus the description of the strut response requires only a scalar valued response function. Owing to this simple ansatz it is possible to include multiple nonlinear mechanisms, such as hyperelasto-viscoplasticity and damage. The macrostress is obtained by averaging over a statistical ensemble of struts. The model has been implemented in the context of finite strains and damage coupled to viscoplastic Perzyna type behaviour. All model parameters may be determined by performing tests in simple compression. The model is well capable of reproducing data from compression experiments on various open-cell aluminium foams.
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| 7. |
- Hård af Segerstad, P., et al.
(författare)
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Open-cell cellular solids : A constitutive equation for hyperelasticity with deformation induced anisotropy
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Solids and Structures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7683 .- 1879-2146. ; 45:7-8, s. 1978-1992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A constitutive theory is developed for an open-cell flexible cellular solid consisting of a network of struts each connecting two vertex points. A hypothesis is proposed that vertex points move affinely in the large-deformation regime, when the struts buckle, and that the force carried by a strut is a function of the longitudinal and rotational change of its vertex-to-vertex vector. The forces consist of one longitudinal force, parallel with the vertex-to-vertex vector of the strut and one transverse force. The overall stress response is initially dominated by the longitudinal force whilst the addition of the transverse force becomes significant at large deformations. The model contains three parameters: longitudinal stiffness, bending stiffness and critical stretch of a strut. These three parameters are calibrated against a simple compression test. The model is then validated against independent experiments in a simple tension, simple shear and a combined shear-compression test on an isotropic flexible polyether urethane foam. Excellent agreement is obtained between the experiments and the model.
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| 8. |
- Revesz, A., et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Multiple-Exposure Textual Enhancement on Child L2 Learners' Development in Derivational Morphology: A Multi-Site Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tesol Quarterly. - : Wiley. - 0039-8322 .- 1545-7249. ; 55:3, s. 901-930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much research exists on the role of textual enhancement in instructed second language (L2) development, yet little is known about how its effectiveness is influenced by multiple exposures, whether it can facilitate the acquisition of L2 derivational morphology, and how it may affect child language learning. To fill these gaps, this study employed a six-week multiple-exposure design to investigate the extent which to textual enhancement can benefit children's knowledge of L2 derivational morphemes. The study employed a pretest-posttest design, with six treatment sessions. Participants were 91 L2 learners of English in two primary school EFL contexts (Romania, Sweden). In each context, participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the +highlight group received textually enhanced texts, whereas the -highlight group read unenhanced texts during the treatment. The children read the texts through a digital reader application during their English lessons. The target constructions were the -ion and -ment morphemes. The pretest and posttest included a non-word derivational suffix choice and a nonword derivational suffix decomposition task. Results of linear mixed effects models found a small advantage of textual enhancement for the acquisition of the -ion morpheme by Swedish learners on the suffix choice task, but Romanian learners showed no benefits from highlighting.
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