| 1. |
- Lindgren, Ida, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring Citizens’ Channel Behavior in Benefit Application : Empirical Examples from Norwegian Welfare Services
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 9781450396356 ; , s. 416-423
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- After more than a decade of intense digitalization of public service delivery in Scandinavia, scholars and public organizations wonder why many citizens still prefer to use traditional communication channels to interact with government. In this paper, we explore citizens' channel behavior when applying for public benefits from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV). We break down the application process into separate actions to answer the research question: what causes citizens to use multiple channels in the benefit application process? Based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with frontline workers at NAV, we describe the process citizens undergo when they apply for benefits from NAV, the actions citizens perform, and the problems they experience, which cause them to contact NAV. Frontline workers are interviewed as these are knowledgeable experts on the application process who can give an aggregate account of the various problems citizens encounter. We contribute with empirical descriptions of how two benefit application processes play out in different ways and cause different channel behaviors. Analyses of this kind are important to supply new knowledge for the ongoing digitalization of public welfare service provision to enhance citizens' ability to successfully co-produce the service. Further, we offer contributions to research practice by illustrating how citizens' interaction with public organizations can be studied and analyzed holistically, using a process model for breaking the interaction down into parts
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Herold, Nikolas, et al.
(författare)
-
Targeting SAMHD1 with the Vpx protein to improve cytarabine therapy for hematological malignancies
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 23:2, s. 256-263
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cytostatic deoxycytidine analog cytarabine (ara-C) is the most active agent available against acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Together with anthracyclines, ara-C forms the backbone of AML treatment for children and adults'. In AML, both the cytotoxicity of ara-C in vitro and the clinical response to ara-C therapy are correlated with the ability of AML blasts to accumulate the active metabolite ara-C triphosphate (ara-CTP)(2-5), which causes DNA damage through perturbation of DNA synthesis(6). Differences in expression levels of known transporters or metabolic enzymes relevant to ara-C only partially account for patient-specific differential ara-CTP accumulation in AML blasts and response to ara-C treatment(7-9). Here we demonstrate that the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) triphosphohydrolase SAM domain and HD domain 1 (SAMHD1) promotes the detoxification of intracellular ara-CTP pools. Recombinant SAMHD1 exhibited ara-CTPase activity in vitro, and cells in which SAMHD1 expression was transiently reduced by treatment with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) protein Vpx were dramatically more sensitive to ara-C-induced cytotoxicity. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated disruption of the gene encoding SAMHD1 sensitized cells to ara-C, and this sensitivity could be abrogated by ectopic expression of wild-type (WT), but not dNTPase-deficient, SAMHD1. Mouse models of AML lacking SAMHD1 were hypersensitive to ara-C, and treatment ex vivo with Vpx sensitized primary patient derived AML blasts to ara-C. Finally, we identified SAMHD1 as a risk factor in cohorts of both pediatric and adult patients with de novo AML who received ara-C treatment. Thus, SAMHD1 expression levels dictate patient sensitivity to ara-C, providing proof-of-concept that the targeting of SAMHD1 by Vpx could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for potentiating ara-C efficacy in hematological malignancies.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Khodakaram, Kaveh, et al.
(författare)
-
Minimal Excision and Primary Suture is a Cost-Efficient Definitive Treatment for Pilonidal Disease with Low Morbidity: A Population-Based Interventional and a Cross-Sectional Cohort Study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : SPRINGER. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 41:5, s. 1295-1302
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Conventional treatment of pilonidal disease with wide excision is associated with high morbidity. We describe the short- and long-term results and the impact on the health care system of a simple operation performed in the office under local anaesthesia, consisting of minimal excision of pilonidal sinuses with primary suture-the modified Lord-Millar operation (mLM). Methods All patients operated with mLM from February 2008 till November 2012 were prospectively followed for recurrence by telephone interviews and examination of symptomatic patients till July 2015. The outcome is compared with that in all patients operated with conventional wide excision from January 2003 till February 2008. The effects on the health care system of a consistent use of mLM is analysed by comparing the management of all patients with pilonidal disease at three hospitals during 2013 and 2014. Results Some 129 patients underwent conventional surgical treatment, and 113 had the mLM operation. The mLM operation was more often performed under local anaesthesia, was less often admitted to hospital, had fewer post-operative health care visits (2.4 vs. 14.6, p amp;lt; 0.001) and a shorter sick leave (1.0 vs. 34.7 days, p amp;lt; 0.001) indicating faster wound healing. The estimated 5-year recurrence rate was similar (32 vs. 23%, p = 0.091). The cost per operated patient was lower (2231 vs. 6222 EUR, p amp;lt; 0.001). The hospital consistently applying the mLM operation used less resources for pilonidal diseased patients (34,545 vs. 77,421 EUR per 100,000 inhabitants and year). Conclusions The mLM operation is simple, cost-efficient and has low morbidity and good long-term results.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Olsson-Strömberg, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular monitoring and mutation analysis of patients with advanced phase CML and Ph plus ALL receiving dasatinib
- 2010
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 85:5, s. 399-404
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a result of the excellent responses achieved in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia since the introduction of imatinib, sensitive techniques such as reverse transcriptase real-time PCR are warranted to monitor patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Our objective was to determine the value of molecular monitoring Ph-positive leukemias under dasatinib treatment. We used real-time PCR and ABL1 kinase domain sequencing on sequential samples from 11 patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemias who received dasatinib. We were able to detect pre-existing mutations in the kinase domain of BCR-ABL1 in four patients, particularly in patients with high BCR-ABL1 transcript levels. Most mutations disappeared with dasatinib, however, in five patients a clone with T315I appeared during dasatinib treatment. We conclude that sensitive molecular monitoring with real-time PCR for BCR-ABL1 transcripts and mutation screening of the ABL1 kinase domain of patients with Philadelphia-positive leukemias are valuable for patient management, however, mutation findings should be interpreted with caution, as mutant clones not always behave in vivo as predicted by in vitro assays.
|
|
| 8. |
- Sjöberg, Ida, et al.
(författare)
-
A preliminary investigation of the subcutaneous tissue reaction to a 3D printed polydioxanone device in horses
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundA 3D printed self-locking device made of polydioxanone (PDO) was developed to facilitate a standardized ligation technique. The subcutaneous tissue reaction to the device was evaluated after implantation in ten horses of mixed age, sex and breed and compared to loops of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). In two of the horses, the implants were removed before closing the skin. The appearance of the implants and surrounding tissue was followed over time using ultrasonography. Implants were removed after 10 and 27 (± 1) days for histologic examination.ResultsOn macroscopic inspection at day 10, the PDO-device was fragmented and the surrounding tissue was oedematous. On ultrasonographic examination, the device was seen as a hyperechoic structure with strong acoustic shadowing that could be detected 4 months post-implantation, but not at 7 months. Histology revealed a transient granulomatous inflammation, i.e., a foreign body reaction, which surrounded both PDO and PLGA implants. The type and intensity of the inflammation varied between individuals and tissue category.ConclusionsThe 3D printed PDO-device caused a transient inflammatory reaction in the subcutaneous tissue and complete resorption occurred between 4 and 7 months. Considering the intended use as a ligation device the early fragmentation warrants further adjustments of both material and the 3D printing process before the device can be used in a clinical setting.
|
|
| 9. |
- Zetterberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy related emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases and the climate impact of forest residues - a synthesis
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes measures to reduce non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions and estimates CO2 emissions from using forest residues for energy due to impacts on biogenic carbon stocks. Measures to reduce emissions of methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases have been described and quantified where possible. The measures presented for methane is reduced methane leakage from landfills, leakage from transmission and distribution of natural gas and methane from incomplete combustion. Landfills are currently the second largest source of methane emissions in Sweden and the potential to reduce methane leakage is estimated to be 800 kilotonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents, or more than 60% reduction from present emissions. The potential to reduce methane leakage from natural gas pipelines have not been quantified. It is estimated that methane from incomplete combustion could be almost entirely avoided. For nitrous oxide, two different measures were studied. Nitrous oxide from fluidized beds has a reduction potential estimated to around 20 %. However, a study of the reduction potential in the EU-27 shows significantly higher reduction potential. Projections of nitrous oxide emissions from road vehicles show increased emissions to 2020 despite measures. The fluorinated gases analysed is HFC leakage from air conditioners and SF6 from switchgears and switchers. The reduction potential is considered high for HFC leakage from AC in vehicles, mainly due to the replacement of HFCs with a high GWP to HFCs with lower climate impact. For sulphur hexafluoride, emission projections show only modest reductions to 2020. Den här rapporten finns endast på engelska. Svensk sammanfattning finns i rapporten.
|
|
