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- Horvath, I., et al.
(författare)
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A European Respiratory Society technical standard: exhaled biomarkers in lung disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 49:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breath tests cover the fraction of nitric oxide in expired gas (FeNO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), variables in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and other measurements. For EBC and for FeNO, official recommendations for standardised procedures are more than 10 years old and there is none for exhaled VOCs and particles. The aim of this document is to provide technical standards and recommendations for sample collection and analytic approaches and to highlight future research priorities in the field. For EBC and FeNO, new developments and advances in technology have been evaluated in the current document. This report is not intended to provide clinical guidance on disease diagnosis and management. Clinicians and researchers with expertise in exhaled biomarkers were invited to participate. Published studies regarding methodology of breath tests were selected, discussed and evaluated in a consensus-based manner by the Task Force members. Recommendations for standardisation of sampling, analysing and reporting of data and suggestions for research to cover gaps in the evidence have been created and summarised. Application of breath biomarker measurement in a standardised manner will provide comparable results, thereby facilitating the potential use of these biomarkers in clinical practice.
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| 2. |
- Gong, J, et al.
(författare)
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Complement killing of Yersinia enterocolitica and retention of the bacteria by leucocyte removal filters.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 66:3, s. 166-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report studies on the complement sensitivity of four strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, serotypes O:3, O:9, O:5.27, and O:20, isolated from blood units involved in transfusion fatalities. Complement in fresh CPD plasma killed Y. enterocolitica within 4 h at 22 degrees C in 100% of the experiments. The bactericidal action was serotype and complement activation pathway dependent. Both classic and alternate pathways seemed to be active, but the latter to a lesser degree. When the classic pathway was blocked by chelation of Ca2+ no complete killing was obtained. Complement did not enhance or condition Yersinia for leucocyte filter retention. Direct removal of Yersinia by filtration was also related to serotype; all strains were reduced by filtration in heat-inactivated plasma, and all except serotype O:5.27 were reduced in Ca(2+)-chelated plasma. Our findings may explain why plasma products and platelet concentrates are rarely involved in Yersinia sepsis related to transfusion.
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| 3. |
- Hoseiny, Seyyed Mohammad Hamed, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of the martensitic packet size on the machinability of modified AISI P20 prehardened mold steel
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-2461 .- 1573-4803. ; 47:8, s. 3613-3620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of martensitic packet size on the machinability of prehardened mold steel at a hardness of similar to 40 HRC (typical hardness for prehardened mold steels) was studied in terms of cutting force and tool life. The machinability tests were performed in end milling using coated, cemented carbide tools at three different cutting speeds. The results showed that an increase in the martensite packet size led to higher cutting force and shorter tool life. The increase in cutting force was related to the increase of work hardening. The work material with a coarser martensite packet size showed a higher amount of work hardening that can explain the higher cutting force. The longer tool life in the workpieces with finer structure was correlated to smaller amplitude of the variation in cutting force.
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