| 1. |
- Alimena, Juliette, et al.
(författare)
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Searching for long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 47:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) can generically have lifetimes that are long compared to SM particles at the weak scale. When produced at experiments such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, these long-lived particles (LLPs) can decay far from the interaction vertex of the primary proton-proton collision. Such LLP signatures are distinct from those of promptly decaying particles that are targeted by the majority of searches for new physics at the LHC, often requiring customized techniques to identify, for example, significantly displaced decay vertices, tracks with atypical properties, and short track segments. Given their non-standard nature, a comprehensive overview of LLP signatures at the LHC is beneficial to ensure that possible avenues of the discovery of new physics are not overlooked. Here we report on the joint work of a community of theorists and experimentalists with the ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb experiments-as well as those working on dedicated experiments such as MoEDAL, milliQan, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, and FASER-to survey the current state of LLP searches at the LHC, and to chart a path for the development of LLP searches into the future, both in the upcoming Run 3 and at the high-luminosity LHC. The work is organized around the current and future potential capabilities of LHC experiments to generally discover new LLPs, and takes a signature-based approach to surveying classes of models that give rise to LLPs rather than emphasizing any particular theory motivation. We develop a set of simplified models; assess the coverage of current searches; document known, often unexpected backgrounds; explore the capabilities of proposed detector upgrades; provide recommendations for the presentation of search results; and look towards the newest frontiers, namely high-multiplicity 'dark showers', highlighting opportunities for expanding the LHC reach for these signals.
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| 3. |
- Hartkopf, Andreas D., et al.
(författare)
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Disseminated tumour cells from the bone marrow of early breast cancer patients : Results from an international pooled analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049. ; 154, s. 128-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Presence of disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) has been described as a surrogate of residual disease in patients with early breast cancer (EBC). PADDY (Pooled Analysis of DTC Detection in Early Breast Cancer) is a large international analysis of pooled data that aimed to assess the prognostic impact of DTCs in patients with EBC. Experimental design: Individual patient data were collected from 11 centres. Patients with EBC and available follow-up data in whom BM sampling was performed at the time of primary diagnosis before receiving any anticancer treatment were eligible. DTCs were identified by antibody staining against epithelial cytokeratins. Multivariate Cox regression was used to compare the survival of DTC-positive versus DTC-negative patients. Results: In total, 10,307 patients were included. Of these, 2814 (27.3%) were DTC-positive. DTC detection was associated with higher tumour grade, larger tumour size, nodal positivity, oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negativity, and HER2 positivity (all p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that DTC detection was an independent prognostic marker for overall survival, disease-free survival and distant disease-free survival with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06–1.43, p = 0.006), 1.30 (95% CI: 1.12–1.52, p < 0.001) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.08–1.56, p = 0.006), respectively. There was no association between locoregional relapse-free survival and DTC detection (HR 1.21; 95% CI 0.68–2.16; p = 0.512). Conclusions: DTCs in the BM represent an independent prognostic marker in patients with EBC. The heterogeneous metastasis-initiating potential of DTCs is consistent with the concept of cancer dormancy.
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| 4. |
- Heckemann, Birgit, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Patient and visitor aggression in healthcare: a survey exploring organizational safety culture and team efficacy.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of nursing management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1365-2834 .- 0966-0429. ; 27:5, s. 1039-1046
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates nurse managers' perception of organizational safety culture and team efficacy, in managing patient and visitor aggression (PVA), and determines the predictors of team efficacy.PVA is a serious hazard in healthcare. A positive organizational safety culture regarding PVA enhances the safety and staff efficacy in managing PVA.A cross-sectional online survey including nurse managers in psychiatric and general hospitals (n=446) was conducted in Switzerland, Austria and Germany (November 2016 to February 2017). Data were analysed descriptively and through binary logistic regression.The key results are as follows: 'Working in a mental health setting' was 3.5 times more likely, 'consideration of the physical environment' was four times more likely, and a 'shared organizational attitude' was twice as likely to predict high team efficacy. In comparison to psychiatric hospitals, general hospital managers perceived organizational safety cultures to be less positive.A positive organizational safety culture leads to the perception that teams are more effective at managing PVA.Consideration of the physical environment and a positive shared organizational attitude regarding PVA are crucial for high team efficacy. General hospitals could benefit from approaches utilized in psychiatry to enhance staff efficacy in managing PVA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Heckemann, Birgit, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Team efficacy and leadership in managing aggressive situations in the general hospital setting. A qualitative descriptive analysis of focus groups with ward managers.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical nursing. - : Wiley. - 1365-2702 .- 0962-1067. ; 29:5-6, s. 974-986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the perception and issues regarding the ability of nursing teams to manage patient and visitor aggression in clinical practice, from ward managers' perspectives.Patient and visitor aggression causes substantial human suffering and financial damage in healthcare organizations. Nurse managers are key persons for developing their teams' efficacy in dealing with patient and visitor aggression. However, their perception of patient and visitor aggression in clinical practice has rarely been explored, and issues relating to team management in this context are underinvestigated.A secondary, qualitative thematic analysis of focus group interviews.Five focus groups consisting of a total of 30 ward and deputy ward managers from five Swiss hospitals were interviewed with audio recording between December 2015 and January 2016. Since the recordings were rich in additional content exceeding the primary research question, a secondary analysis was conducted to answer the questions: (1) Which factors influence team efficacy in regard to patient and visitor aggression? (2) What are the implications for nurse leadership? The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research were followed in the conduct and reporting of this study.Three themes emerged from our analysis: (1) contextual factors (organizational safety culture and collaboration), (2) influences from within the team (team culture, nursing aggression and general management principles) and (3) implications for nurse leadership.Managing patient and visitor aggression is a challenge for nurse managers. A team's ability to prevent, de-escalate and debrief after PVA incidents is an important leadership task in which ward managers are neither supported in nor trained for within their organizations.Nurse managers in general hospitals require more support to enable their teams to cope effectively with patient and visitor aggression. Policy and guideline implementation need to be prioritized.
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| 6. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Levine, Hagai, et al.
(författare)
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Male reproductive health statement (XIIIth international symposium on Spermatology, may 9th-12th 2018, Stockholm, Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Basic and Clinical Andrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2051-4190. ; 28:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the occasion of the XIIIth International Symposium on Spermatology held from 9 to 13 May 2018 in Stockholm (Sweden), participants (guest speakers and audience) collectively felt the need to make a public statement on the general issue of male reproductive health. Our intention is to raise awareness of what we believe is a neglected area of research despite alarming situations around the world. The disclosure strategy desired by the co-authors is to bring it to the attention of the greatest number partly by considering co-publication in the various periodicals dealing with Reproductive Biology and Andrology. BaCA's editorial office accepted this mission and found it natural that our periodical, the official journal of the French Andrology Society (SALF), should carry this message.
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| 10. |
- Thilo, Friederike JS, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating the use of personal safety alerting device with older adults: The views, experiences and roles of relatives and health care professionals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Geriatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984. ; 42:4, s. 935-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explore relatives’, community nurses’ and general practitioners’ perspectives and experiences in promoting Personal Safety Alerting Device (PSAD) use among community-dwelling older adults, we applied a qualitative study design. Altogether 15 focus groups and 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data-analysis followed the Qualitative Analysis Guide of Leuven. PSAD use was considered to be complex. Relatives and health care professionals are involved in a negotiation process comprising three phases: A) waiting for a critical event in the older adult's everyday life; B) introducing the idea of a PSAD; C) deciding on and supporting PSAD use. In conclusion, the actors involved in PSAD use should be aware of the negotiation process, which is complex, dynamic, iterative and needs time. While nurses play a crucial role, they lack sufficient knowledge for comprehensive PSAD counselling. The negotiation process could serve as an example for other technologies in the context of aging in place.
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