| 1. |
- Björkman, Anne, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome
- 2018
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 27:12, s. 1402-1411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 The Authors Global Ecology and Biogeography Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Motivation: The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field-based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade-offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained: The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits (>1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain: Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub-Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain: All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement: Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format: csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.
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| 2. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrophobic treatment of wood fibrous thermal insulator by octadecyltrichlorosilane and its influence on hygric properties and resistance against moulds
- 2016
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Ingår i: Composites Part B. - : Elsevier. - 1359-8368 .- 1879-1069. ; 106, s. 285-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The natural fibrous materials are widely used as thermal insulator for building application. The thermal insulating performance of natural fibrous material are affecting by the high humidity and temperature. Due to high moisture in natural fibrous insulators, they are very susceptible for microorganisms attack as well as the reduction in the thermal insulating properties. In this work, hydrophobic surface treatment was given to the wood fibrous insulator using octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS). The deposition of OTS monolayers on wood fibers surface was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and water contact angle of wood fibers measured by sessile drop method. The influence of hydrophobic treatment on hygric properties of wood fibrous insulator was characterized using especially designed double-climatic set-up. The effectiveness of hydrophobic treated wood fibers towards mould fungi growth was also examined. The hydrophobic treatment improved the hygric properties and effectiveness towards mould significantly.
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| 3. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of liquefied wood polyol on the physical-mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy based polymer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Polymer testing. - : Elsevier. - 0142-9418 .- 1873-2348. ; 64, s. 207-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epoxy resins are mostly produced from petroleum-based bisphenol A and epicholorhydrin. Bisphenol A is synthesized from non-renewable petroleum-based phenol and acetone. Biomass derived epoxy-based polymers (EBPs) are becoming the most promising alternative for petroleum-based counterparts, but still these biomass-based EBPs have inferior properties. In the present work, two types of epoxy resins were prepared with different weight percentages of resin (bisphenol A) and hardener. They were then modified with different weight percentages of liquefied wood from spruce sawdust. The derived EBPs were analysed in terms of tensile strength and tensile modulus, fractured surface morphology, thermal stability, long-term water adsorption and resistance to brown-rot fungus decay. The results revealed that the percentages of hardener and liquefied wood significantly influenced the overall properties of the EBPs.
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| 4. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of surface modification of wood with octadecyltrichlorosilane on its dimensional stability and resistance against Coniophora puteana and molds
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cellulose. - : Springer. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 23, s. 3249-3263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A relatively new approach for wood protection against fungal decay is based on hydrophobization of wood and on lowering its moisture content. Water repellence of wood can be increased by polymerization of hydrophobic monomers in wood cell walls. It was found that Norway spruce wood after treatment with octadecyltrichlorosilane exhibited reduced water uptake by the wood cell walls, lowered water vapour sorption, and significantly increased dimensional stability of wood in terms of anti-swelling efficiency. Hydrophobicity and lower equilibrium moisture content were shown to cause increased resistance of the treated samples against brown-rot decay and molds.
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| 5. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Liquefied-Wood-Based Polyurethane–Nanosilica Hybrid Coatings and Hydrophobization by Self-Assembled Monolayers of Orthotrichlorosilane (OTS)
- 2015
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Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - USA : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 3:10, s. 2533-2541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have produced hybrid liquefied-wood-based polyurethane (LW-PU) and LW-PU/nanosilica hybrid coatings for wood substrates. The prepared hybrid polyurethane coatings were hydrophobized by self-assembled monolayers of orthotrichlorosilane (OTS) via a sol–gel dipping process. The nanosilica addition into the LW-PU system enhanced the physical properties of coatings like surface hardness and stability toward cold liquids. The OTS hydrophobized coatings were characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface became hydrophobic as the contact angle (CA) for the water droplet on a modified hybrid coating was ∼115° and very stable. The FTIR, SEM, and EDS analysis confirmed the formation of OTS monolayers on hybrid coatings.
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| 6. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot and brown-rot fungi
- 2020
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Ingår i: Wood Material Science & Engineering. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-0272 .- 1748-0280. ; 15:1, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bamboo scrimber is one of the most emerging structural materials for future building applications andit possesses properties comparable to other natural wood-based engineered materials such as glulam,laminated veneer lumber and cross-laminated timber. The goal of this work was to study the decayresistance of bamboo scrimber against white-rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown-rot fungi (Serpulalacrymans). Bamboo scrimber samples were incubated in petri dishes with the wood-decaying fungiand the weight loss after 12 weeks was measured. The surface morphology of fungal-degradedbamboo scrimber was evaluated using optical microscopy. Based on the percentage weight loss,bamboo scrimber could be classified as highly resistant against bio-deterioration by white andbrown-rot fungi.
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| 7. |
- Kumar, Anuj, et al.
(författare)
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Surface modification of Norway spruce wood by octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) nanosol by dipping and water vapour diffusion properties of the OTS-modified wood
- 2018
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Ingår i: Holzforschung. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0018-3830 .- 1437-434X. ; 72:1, s. 45-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present research deals with a simple dipping method to insert octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) into cell walls of spruce wood and to deposit OTS layers on its inner and outer surfaces. Distribution and chemical interactions of OTS with wood polymers has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The OTS/n-hexane solution penetrated into wood via capillary forces through ray tracheids and bordered pits and was deposited as OTS organic-inorganic layers on wood cell walls. The hypothesis is supported by the results, according to which the OTS molecules are hydrolysed by the wood moisture and by free OH groups of the cell wall components. The hydrolysed OTS molecules react with the OH groups and elevate the hydrophobicity of wood.
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| 8. |
- Manthey, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Structural, economic and environmental performance of fibre reinforced wood profiles vs. solutions made of steel and concrete
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Workshop: COST Action C25. - 9789736384288 ; , s. 275-289
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As stated in the memorandum of understanding of the COST Action C25 new building materials, new products and technologies are in the long term a necessary way to reduce environmental impacts. The paper investigates the environmental performance of a new building material based on renewable resource wood. It presents the outcomes of a life cycle assessment (LCA) showing the most important drivers (phases during the life cycle as well as specific inputs) for environmental impacts and the important impact categories for which environmental impacts are expected if fiber reinforced wood profiles are used. A preliminary case study, comparison between columns made of fibre reinforced wood, hot finished steel section and hollow core section is presented. The case study was conceived considering experimental data available for the reinforced wood columns.
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| 9. |
- Manthey, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Structural, economic and environmental performance of fibre reinforced wood profiles vs. solutions made of steel and concrete
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sustainable Construction - A Life Cycle Approach in Engineering. - : University of Malta, Faculty for the Built Environment. - 9789993209171 ; , s. 43-57
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As stated in the memorandum of understanding of the COST Action C25 new building materials, new products and technologies are in the long term a necessary way to reduce environmental impacts. The paper investigates the environmental performance of a new building material based on renewable resource wood. It presents the outcomes of a life cycle assessment (LCA) showing the most important drivers (phases during the life cycle as well as specific inputs) for environmental impacts and the important impact categories for which environmental impacts are expected if fiber reinforced wood profiles are used. A preliminary case study, comparison between columns made of fibre reinforced wood, hot finished steel section and hollow core section is presented. The case study was conceived considering experimental data available for the reinforced wood columns.
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