| 1. |
- Bunce, R. G. H., et al.
(författare)
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A standardized procedure for surveillance and monitoring European habitats and provision of spatial data
- 2008
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Ingår i: Landscape Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-2973 .- 1572-9761. ; 23, s. 11-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both science and policy require a practical, transmissible, and reproducible procedure for surveillance and monitoring of European habitats, which can produce statistics integrated at the landscape level. Over the last 30 years, landscape ecology has developed rapidly, and many studies now require spatial data on habitats. Without rigorous rules, changes from baseline records cannot be separated reliably from background noise. A procedure is described that satisfies these requirements and can provide consistent data for Europe, to support a range of policy initiatives and scientific projects. The methodology is based on classical plant life forms, used in biogeography since the nineteenth century, and on their statistical correlation with the primary environmental gradient. Further categories can therefore be identified for other continents to assist large scale comparisons and modelling. The model has been validated statistically and the recording procedure tested in the field throughout Europe. A total of 130 General Habitat Categories (GHCs) is defined. These are enhanced by recording environmental, site and management qualifiers to enable flexible database interrogation. The same categories are applied to areal, linear and point features to assist recording and subsequent interpretation at the landscape level. The distribution and change of landscape ecological parameters, such as connectivity and fragmentation, can then be derived and their significance interpreted.
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| 2. |
- Vadovic, P., et al.
(författare)
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Structural studies of lipid A from a lipopolysaccharide of the Coxiella burnetii isolate RSA 514 (Crazy)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 15, s. 198-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coxiella burnetii is the aetiological agent of Q fever. LPS is a major factor of virulence of the bacterium, and therefore studies of its structure/function relationship studies are of potential interest. In virulent phase I, C. burnetii biosynthesises smooth LPS I with an O-specific chain, whereas in avirulent phase II, it synthesises rough LPS II [1]. Both LPSs were isolated [1] from the C. burnetii isolates RSA 493, clone 7, and RSA 439, clone 4, respectively. We investigated an LPS from the C. burnetii clonal derivative RSA 514 named ‘Crazy’ (Cr), which was isolated from the placental tissue of a guinea pig infected with the RSA 493 isolate for 343 days [2]. The major emphasis was put on the lipid A as no data on its structure have been available thus far. It has been recognised recently that variation of the lipid A domain of LPS serves as one strategy utilised [3] by Gram-negative bacteria to promote survival by providing resistance to components of the innate immune system and helping to evade recognition by Toll-like receptor 4. Thus, it was of interest to see if the long-term survival of the microorganism in the host led to modifications in its lipid A in comparison with the known structures for lipid A from the C. burnetii isolate Priscilla [4] and also those established most recently in the LPS I and LPS II (P.V. Vadovic and R.T. Toman, unpublished results).
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Pilotto, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analysis of multidecadal biodiversity trends in Europe
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local biodiversity trends over time are likely to be decoupled from global trends, as local processes may compensate or counteract global change. We analyze 161 long-term biological time series (15-91 years) collected across Europe, using a comprehensive dataset comprising ~6,200 marine, freshwater and terrestrial taxa. We test whether (i) local long-term biodiversity trends are consistent among biogeoregions, realms and taxonomic groups, and (ii) changes in biodiversity correlate with regional climate and local conditions. Our results reveal that local trends of abundance, richness and diversity differ among biogeoregions, realms and taxonomic groups, demonstrating that biodiversity changes at local scale are often complex and cannot be easily generalized. However, we find increases in richness and abundance with increasing temperature and naturalness as well as a clear spatial pattern in changes in community composition (i.e. temporal taxonomic turnover) in most biogeoregions of Northern and Eastern Europe. The global biodiversity decline might conceal complex local and group-specific trends. Here the authors report a quantitative synthesis of longterm biodiversity trends across Europe, showing how, despite overall increase in biodiversity metric and stability in abundance, trends differ between regions, ecosystem types, and taxa.
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