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- Bridel, Claire, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 76:9, s. 1035-1048
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been compared systematically to date.Objectives To assess the associations of age, sex, and diagnosis with NfL in CSF (cNfL) and to evaluate its potential in discriminating clinically similar conditions.Data Sources PubMed was searched for studies published between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, reporting cNfL levels (using the search terms neurofilament light and cerebrospinal fluid) in neurological or psychiatric conditions and/or in HC.Study Selection Studies reporting NfL levels measured in lumbar CSF using a commercially available immunoassay, as well as age and sex.Data Extraction and Synthesis Individual-level data were requested from study authors. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the fixed effects of age, sex, and diagnosis on log-transformed NfL levels, with cohort of origin modeled as a random intercept.Main Outcome and Measure The cNfL levels adjusted for age and sex across diagnoses.Results Data were collected for 10 059 individuals (mean [SD] age, 59.7 [18.8] years; 54.1% female). Thirty-five diagnoses were identified, including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (n = 2795), dementias and predementia stages (n = 4284), parkinsonian disorders (n = 984), and HC (n = 1332). The cNfL was elevated compared with HC in a majority of neurological conditions studied. Highest levels were observed in cognitively impaired HIV-positive individuals (iHIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington disease. In 33.3% of diagnoses, including HC, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD), cNfL was higher in men than women. The cNfL increased with age in HC and a majority of neurological conditions, although the association was strongest in HC. The cNfL overlapped in most clinically similar diagnoses except for FTD and iHIV, which segregated from other dementias, and PD, which segregated from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.Conclusions and Relevance These data support the use of cNfL as a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage and indicate that age-specific and sex-specific (and in some cases disease-specific) reference values may be needed. The cNfL has potential to assist the differentiation of FTD from AD and PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
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| 4. |
- Hall, Andreas, 1975
(författare)
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Ionic Conduction and Bond Valence in Glasses
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ion conducting glasses are highly interesting for several different applications, among them, chemical sensors, smart windows with variable optical properties and as electrolytes in batteries. The last example can take full advantage of the ease with which a thin film (
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| 6. |
- Hall, Andreas, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed mobile ion effect and cooperative motions in silver-sodium phosphate glasses
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 101:19, s. 195901-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conduction pathways and the extraordinary weak mixed mobile ion effect (MMIE) in AgxNa1-xPO3 glasses have been investigated by bond-valence analysis of reverse Monte Carlo produced structural models. We find that the MMIE is suppressed in this system due to a common cooperative hopping process, where both Ag and Na participate. This finding is in strong contrast to glass systems exhibiting a pronounced MMIE, where the two types of mobile ions have distinctly different conduction pathways and the M ions tend to block the pathways for the N ions and vice versa. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
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| 7. |
- Hall, Andreas, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Structure of Ag x Na 1−x PO 3 glasses by neutron diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo modelling
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics Condensed Matter. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 19:41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed structural studies of mixed mobile ion phosphate glasses Ag x Na 1−x PO 3 using diffraction experiments and reverse Monte Carlo simulations. This glass system is particularly interesting as a model system for investigations of the mixed mobile ion effect, due to its anomalously low magnitude in the system. As for previously studied mixed alkali phosphate glasses, with a much more pronounced mixed mobile ion effect, we find no substantial structural alterations of the phosphorous–oxygen network and the local coordination of the mobile cations. Furthermore, the mobile Ag + and Na + ions are randomly mixed with no detectable preference for either similar or dissimilar pairs of cations. However, in contrast to mixed mobile ion systems with a very pronounced mixed mobile ion effect, the two types of mobile ions have, in this case, very similar local environments. For all the studied glass compositions the average Ag–O and Na–O distances in the first coordination shell are determined to be 2.5 ± 0.1 and 2.5 ± 0.1 Å, and the corresponding average coordination numbers are approximately 3.2 and 3.7, respectively. The similar local coordinations of the two types of mobile ions suggests that the energy mismatch for a Na + ion to occupy a site that previously has been occupied by a Ag + ion (and vice versa) is low, and that this low energy mismatch is responsible for the anomalously weak mixed mobile ion effect. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version).
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