| 1. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Caretta, Martina Angela, et al.
(författare)
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Water
- 2022
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Ingår i: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability : Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Bennett, Deborah, et al.
(författare)
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Project TENDR : Targeting Environmental Neuro-Developmental Risks. The TENDR Consensus Statement
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : National Institute of Environmental Health Science. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 124:7, s. A118-A122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children in America today are at an unacceptably high risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the brain and nervous system including autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disabilities, and other learning and behavioral disabilities. These are complex disorders with multiple causes-genetic, social, and environmental. The contribution of toxic chemicals to these disorders can be prevented. Approach: Leading scientific and medical experts, along with children's health advocates, came together in 2015 under the auspices of Project TENDR: Targeting Environmental Neuro-Developmental Risks to issue a call to action to reduce widespread exposures to chemicals that interfere with fetal and children's brain development. Based on the available scientific evidence, the TENDR authors have identified prime examples of toxic chemicals and pollutants that increase children's risks for neurodevelopmental disorders. These include chemicals that are used extensively in consumer products and that have become widespread in the environment. Some are chemicals to which children and pregnant women are regularly exposed, and they are detected in the bodies of virtually all Americans in national surveys conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The vast majority of chemicals in industrial and consumer products undergo almost no testing for developmental neurotoxicity or other health effects. Conclusion: Based on these findings, we assert that the current system in the United States for evaluating scientific evidence and making health-based decisions about environmental chemicals is fundamentally broken. To help reduce the unacceptably high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in our children, we must eliminate or significantly reduce exposures to chemicals that contribute to these conditions. We must adopt a new framework for assessing chemicals that have the potential to disrupt brain development and prevent the use of those that may pose a risk. This consensus statement lays the foundation for developing recommendations to monitor, assess, and reduce exposures to neurotoxic chemicals. These measures are urgently needed if we are to protect healthy brain development so that current and future generations can reach their fullest potential.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Huaraca Huasco, Walter, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal production, allocation and cycling of carbon in two mid-elevation tropical montane forest plots in the Peruvian Andes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plant Ecology & Diversity. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1755-0874 .- 1755-1668. ; 7:1-2, s. 125-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) are unique ecosystems with high biodiversity and large carbon reservoirs. To date there have been limited descriptions of the carbon cycle of TMCF. Aims: We present results on the production, allocation and cycling of carbon for two mid-elevation (1500-1750 m) tropical montane cloud forest plots in San Pedro, Kosnipata Valley, Peru. Methods: We repeatedly recorded the components of net primary productivity (NPP) using biometric measurements, and autotrophic (R-a) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration, using gas exchange measurements. From these we estimated gross primary productivity (GPP) and carbon use efficiency (CUE) at the plot level. Results: The plot at 1500 m was found very productive, with our results comparable with the most productive lowland Amazonian forests. The plot at 1750 m had significantly lower productivity, possibly because of greater cloud immersion. Both plots had similar patterns of NPP allocation, a substantial seasonality in NPP components and little seasonality in R-a. Conclusions: These two plots lie within the ecotone between lower and upper montane forests, near the level of the cloud base. Climate change is likely to increase elevation of the cloud base, resulting in shifts in forest functioning. Longer-term surveillance of the carbon cycle at these sites would yield valuable insights into the response of TMCFs to a shifting cloud base.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Rehkämper, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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Thallium isotope variations in seawater and hydrogenetic, diagenetic, and hydrothermal ferromanganese deposits
- 2002
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Ingår i: Earth and Planetary Science Letters. - 0012-821X .- 1385-013X. ; 197:1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results are presented for the first in-depth investigation of Tl isotope variations in marine materials. The Tl isotopic measurements were conducted by multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for a comprehensive suite of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts, diagenetic Fe-Mn nodules, hydrothermal manganese deposits and seawater samples. The natural variability of Tl isotope compositions in these samples exceeds the analytical reproducibility (±0.05‰) by more than a factor of 40. Hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts have ε205Tl of +10 to +14, whereas seawater is characterized by values as low as -8 (ε205Tl represents the deviation of the 205Tl/203Tl ratio of a sample from the NIST SRM 997 Tl isotope standard in parts per 104). This 2‰ difference in isotope composition is thought to result from the isotope fractionation that accompanies the adsorption of Tl onto ferromanganese particles. An equilibrium fractionation factor of α1.0021 is calculated for this process. Ferromanganese nodules and hydrothermal manganese deposits have variable Tl isotope compositions that range between the values obtained for seawater and hydrogenetic Fe-Mn crusts. The variability in ε205Tl in diagenetic nodules appears to be caused by the adsorption of Tl from pore fluids, which act as a closed-system reservoir with a Tl isotope composition that is inferred to be similar to seawater. Nodules with ε205Tl values similar to seawater are found if the scavenging of Tl is nearly quantitative. Hydrothermal manganese deposits display a positive correlation between ε205Tl and Mn/Fe. This trend is thought to be due to the derivation of Tl from distinct hydrothermal sources. Deposits with low Mn/Fe ratios and low ε205Tl are produced by the adsorption of Tl from fluids that are sampled close to hydrothermal sources. Such fluids have low Mn/Fe ratios and relatively high temperatures, such that only minor isotope fractionation occurs during adsorption. Hydrothermal manganese deposits with high Mn/Fe and high ε205Tl are generated by scavenging of Tl from colder, more distal hydrothermal fluids. Under such conditions, adsorption is
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