| 1. |
- Andersson, Hannah, et al.
(författare)
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Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Reduces Cortisol Levels in Human Saliva during Examination Induced Stress : A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Microbiology. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-918X .- 1687-9198. ; 2016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To clarify the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on the salivary cortisol and salivary IgA levels in young adults under examination stress. Design. Forty-one students with an upcoming academic exam were included in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The probiotic bacteria or the placebo product was administered in capsules once a day during 14 days. Saliva was collected and a perceived stress test was filled out at each sampling occasion. Saliva was collected for cortisol analysis by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLI) and salivary IgA was analysed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Abundance of lactobacilli was evaluated by cultivation of saliva on selective medium and identification of L. plantarum 299v was done on randomly selected colonies by a random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. Results. A significant difference in cortisol levels was found between the treatment group and the placebo group (P < 0.05), together with a significant increase in levels of lactobacilli in the treatment group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). No significant changes were found for salivary IgA. Conclusion. A probiotic bacterium with ability to reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prohibited increased levels of the stress marker cortisol during the examination period. The registration number of the study is NCT02974894, and the study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.
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| 2. |
- Björnham, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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BioCon - A model for pathogens and biofilm in drinking water distribution systems
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En modell för biologisk kontamination av dricksvattensystem är utvecklad som ett komplement till kommersiella mjukvaror. Modellen benämns Biofilm contamination model (BioCon), vilken utgörs av delmodeller för transport och biofilmer. De dominerande processerna beskrivs genom ett system av partiella differentialekvationer. BioCon inkluderar även en numerisk lösare för de biofysikaliska modellerna och visualisering av den tidsupplösta kontaminationen i systemet. BioCon är utformad för att kunna hantera många olika biologiska agens och miljöparametrar genom parametrisering av de styrande ekvationerna. De två patogenerna Escherichia coli och Cryptosporidium spp. utgör pilotagens i denna rapport och relevanta egenskaper hos dem diskuteras. Förslag på parametrisering ges för E. coli baserad främst på publicerad litteratur men också till del från preliminär data från laboratorieexperiment genomförda under detta projekt. Modellstrukturen av de viktigaste komponenterna såsom transport, inbindning/dissociation, utveckling av biofilm, och påverkan av temperatur, desinfektionsmedel och näringsämnen, är utformade för att ge upphov till beteenden som överensstämmer med rapporterade experimentell data och teoretiska modeller. Huvuddragen i BioCon har på detta sätt blivit verifierade med avseende på nuvarande kunskapsläge, vilket presenteras i denna rapport. Däremot har en omfattande och kvantitativ validering av BioCon, genom jämförelse med experimentell data för samma system av agens, miljöfaktorer och flöden, ej kunnat genomföras inom ramen för detta projekt. Detta rekommenderas som en framtida studie.
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| 3. |
- Ericson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary IgA response to probiotic bacteria and mutans streptococci after the use of chewing gum containing Lactobacillus reuteri
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pathogens and Disease. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2049-632X. ; 68:3, s. 82-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated whether ingestion of probiotic bacteria could influence salivary IgA levels, specific anti-mutans streptococci IgA levels and specific antibodies towards the ingested probiotic bacterium. The study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, where the test group (n = 11) received twice daily chewing of gum containing Lactobacillus reuteri (2 9 108 CFU per dose) and the control group (n = 12) received placebo. Resting saliva was collected before and after 12 weeks of treatment and 4 weeks after end of treatment. Total salivary IgA concentrations were measured by ELISA. Specific IgA reactivity was determined using a whole-cell ELISA. Results were expressed as % IgA per protein in saliva. The level of total IgA% per protein increased significantly between pretreatment levels (13.5%) and follow-up treatment levels (14.4%) within the test group only (P < 0.05). No changes were seen in the control group during the trial. The level of probiotic-reactive antibodies decreased significantly between pre- and post-treatment samples (from 12.2% to 9.0%, P < 0.05) in the test group. Similarly, the level of specific mutans streptococci antibodies decreased significantly between pre- and post-treatment samples (P < 0.05) in the test group only (for Streptococcus mutans from 20.1% to 15.0%; for Streptococcus sobrinus from 7.4% to 5.3%). Ingestion of probiotic bacteria might influence the adaptive immune response of the host.
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| 4. |
- Hedenbjörk-Lager, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Collagen degradation and preservation of MMP-8 activity in human dentine matrix after demineralization
- 2016
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Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0003-9969 .- 1879-1506. ; 68, s. 66-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Dental caries is a process driven by acids produced by oral microorganisms followed by degradation of the dentine collagen matrix by proteolytic enzymes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been suggested to contribute to caries by degrading collagen. The aim of this study was to develop a method for generating demineralized dentine matrix substrate (DDM) maintaining MMP-8 bioactivity and no interference with later assays. Such a substrate would allow study of the effects of various treatments on MMP-8 activity and collagen degradation in demineralized dentine. DESIGN: Human dentine was powderized in a tissue grinder and frozen (-80°C). The powder was demineralized in dialysis tubes, using EDTA or acetic acid. The demineralized dentine matrix (DDM) was harvested and analyzed for collagen content using SDS-PAGE. The DDM was subsequently suspended in PBS or TESCA buffer. Protein, MMP-8 (ELISA) and collagen (HYP) was analyzed directly or after 1 wk. RESULTS: EDTA or acid demineralization of dentine using dialysis yielded a substrate rich in collagen coupled with preserved MMP-8 activity. Collagen degraded in room temperature, assessed by higher HYP amounts in the soluble fraction of DDM after one wk, indicating that the methods used preserved active DDM-components after the demineralization process. CONCLUSIONS: The presented demineralization methods both provided insoluble DDM substrates suitable for further intervention studies. However, it was found that the substrates differed depending on the demineralization method and buffers used. This needs further study to find an optimal technique for generating DDM with retained proteins as well as enzymatic bioactivity.
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| 5. |
- Jansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 polymorphisms in patients with chronic periodontitis. A pilot study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 30:1, s. 17-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyse whether the interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 gene polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility of chronic periodontitis. Genomic DNA was obtained from 20 patients with chronic periodontitis and 31 periodontally healthy subjects. All subjects were of North European heritage. The test subjects were kept in a maintenance program after periodontal treatment but yet showing signs of recurrent disease. Genotyping of the IL-1 alpha[+4845C>T], IL-1 beta [-3954C>T] and IL-6 [-174G>C] polymorphisms was carried out using an allelic discrimination Assay-by-Design method on ABI PRISM 7900 Sequence Detection System. All genotypes were analyzed using the GeneMapper 2.0 software. A similar distribution of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) was seen in both groups. Analysis by logistic regression including gender, IL-1 alpha [+4845C>T], IL-1 beta [-3954C>T], IL-6 [-174G>C] genotypes, the composite IL-1 genotype, the combination of the composite IL-1 genotype and the IL-6 -174G>C genotype and adjusting for smoking did not result in any statistically significant difference. SNPs in IL-1 alpha[+4845C>T], IL-1 beta [-3954C>T] and IL-6 [-174G>C] do not seem to increase the susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in this group of subjects.
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| 6. |
- Jansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical consequences of IL-1 genotype on early implant failures in patients under periodontal maintenance
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : BC Decker Inc. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 7:1, s. 51-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Implant failure and biologic complications such as periimplantitis are not completely avoidable. Are there any genetic and microbiologic parameters that could be used to identify patients at risk for implant failure, preferably prior to treatment? This would result in improvement of the diagnostics, treatment decision, and risk assessment. PURPOSE: The aims of this retrospective study were to describe (1) the absolute failure rate of Branemark System implants (Nobel Biocare AB, Goteborg, Sweden) consecutively installed over a 10-year period in partially edentulous patients treated for periodontal disease prior to implant treatment and under regular professional maintenance, (2) the rate of interleukin-1 (IL-1) polymorphism in those patients who experienced at least one implant failure during the first year of function, and (3) the prevalence of periodontal pathogens in dental and periimplant sites with and without signs of inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of 766 patients, 81 encountered at least one implant failure; 22 patients were clinically examined and were tested genetically for IL-1 genotypes. The presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella ni-grescens was analyzed. RESULTS: The absolute implant survival rate for the whole population was 95.32%; 10.57% of the patients encountered an implant loss. Implant loss in the examined group (n = 22) was 32 of 106 (30.1%); 10 (45%) of the 22 patients were smokers, and 6 (27%) of the 22 patients were IL-1 genotype positive. Patients positive for IL-1 genotype were not more prone to implant loss; however, a significant synergistic effect with smoking was demon-strated. Between patients who were IL-1 genotype positive and those who were IL-1 genotype negative, the differences in regard to bleeding on probing or periodontal pathogens did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The overall implant failure rate in a population treated and maintained for periodontal disease is similar to that of healthy subjects. A synergistic effect found between smoking and a positive IL-1 genotype resulted in a significantly higher implant loss. This indicates that further research with a larger patient group should focus on multifactorial analysis for adequate risk assessment.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Microbial Outcome Observed with Polymerase Chain Reaction in Subjects with Recurrent Periodontal Disease following local treatment with 25% metronidazole gel
- 2004
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 28:2, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial outcome in patients with recurrent periodontal disease following treatment with 25% metronidazole gel using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty subjects in a maintenance care program but with recurrent periodontal disease participated. Three months after scaling and root planing a total of 40 sites, 2 in each patient, with pocket probing depth of > or = 5 mm were selected. One site randomly selected was treated with 25% metronidazole gel (test) and the other site with a placebo gel (control). A bacterial sample was collected on paperpoint from each test and control site at baseline and 12 weeks after treatment. The following pathogens were analysed and detected with PCR:Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Prevotella nigrescens (P.n.). At baseline, A.a., P.g. and P.n. were detected in 30, 60 and 70% of all test sites and in 32, 58 and 21% of all control sites. There was a statistically significant difference between the test and control sites for P.n. at baseline. The major difference after treatment with 25% metronidazole gel was the increase of positive control sites for P.g. and P.n. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence rate of A.a., P.g. and P.n. at test and control sites after treatment. This study has shown that 25% metronidazole gel treatment did not seem to influence the microbial outcome, when PCR was used to analyse the presence/absence of A.a., P.g. and P.n. in this group of subjects with recurrent periodontal disease.
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| 8. |
- Jorgensen, Mette Rose, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus reuteri supplements do not affect salivary IgA or cytokine levels in healthy subjects : A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, cross-over trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 74:5, s. 399-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the effect of daily ingestion of probiotic lactobacilli on the levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) and selected cytokines in whole saliva of healthy young adults. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 47 healthy adults (18-32 years) who volunteered for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial after informed consent. During intervention, the subjects ingested two lozenges per day containing two strains of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) or placebo lozenges. The intervention and wash-out periods were 3 weeks. Saliva samples were collected at baseline, immediately after each intervention period and 3 weeks post-intervention. ELISA was used to measure sIgA and luminex technology was used to measure the interleukins (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. For statistical analyses a mixed ANOVA model was employed to calculate changes in the salivary outcome variables Results: Forty-one subjects completed the study and reported a good compliance. No significant differences in the concentrations of salivary sIgA or cytokines were recorded between the L. reuteri and placebo interventions or between baseline and 3 weeks post-intervention levels. No side- or adverse effects were reported Conclusions: Supplementation with two strains of the probiotic L. reuteri did not affect sIgA or cytokine levels in whole saliva in healthy young adults. The results thereby indicate that daily oral supplementation with L. reuteri do not seem to modulate the salivary oral immune response in healthy young subjects
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| 9. |
- Lundin Wallengren, Marie Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Salivary IgA reactions to cell-surface antigens of oral streptococci.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Oral Microbiology and Immunology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0902-0055 .- 1399-302X. ; 19:3, s. 188-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the immunoblot technique, using whole bacteria cell extracts as antigens, both intra- and extracellular antigens are de-tected, which gives a large number of immunoglobulin A (IgA) reac-tions (immunoblot bands) when incubated with saliva. It is important to distinguish which immunoblot bands represent bacterial cell-surface antigens, since these antigens could be involved in adhesion mecha-nisms and be available for blocking in vivo. METHODS: Bacterial ex-tracts of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus parasanguis and the streptococcal antigen I/II were separated using SDS-PAGE. The antigens were detected with saliva in Western blot. Untreated saliva and saliva in which cell-surface reactive IgA had been absorbed with whole bacteria cells were analyzed. RESULTS: Ap-proximately half the number of the bands were absent for saliva ab-sorbed with homologous cells, compared to untreated saliva. The ab-sorption pattern was almost identical for S. mutans and S. sobrinus but not for S. parasanguis. Salivary IgA reactive against streptococcal antigen I/II was absorbed by S. mutans cells, to a lesser extent by S. sobrinus cells, and not at all by S. parasanguis cells. CONCLUSION: It is likely that the bands that were absent after absorption represented cell-surface antigens. For S. mutans and S. sobrinus, these bands were probably the streptococcal antigen I/II. Copyright Blackwell Munks-gaard, 2004.
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| 10. |
- Redmo Emanuelsson, IM, et al.
(författare)
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Tracing genotypes of mutans streptococci on tooth sites by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Molecular Oral Microbiology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 2041-1006 .- 2041-1014. ; 18:1, s. 24-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to clarify the distribution and persistence of mutans streptococci on different tooth sites in the same oral cavity. Thirteen subjects, aged 20-40 years, were examined. Salivary levels of mutans streptococci, caries prevalence, oral hygiene habits and status of tooth surfaces sampled were recorded. Plaque samples were obtained from four sites, the mesial and buccal surfaces of the first permanent molar on the right side of the lower jaw (46m and 46b), the distal surface of the first permanent premolar (24d) and the mesial surface of the second permanent premolar (25m) on the left side of the upper jaw, using sterile toothpicks on two occasions at 4-7-month intervals. The samples were cultivated on site-specific Strip mutans. Up to 10 colonies/site were isolated when present and genotyped by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, after species identification with PCR. Genotyping was also performed by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) on 148 isolates, and results were consistent with the RAPD results. Most mutans streptococcus-positive samples were obtained from 46m. Within each individual, the same genotype occurred on at least two sites on all but one sampling occasion. A maximum of seven different genotypes were found in an individual. For a particular tooth site, four genotypes occurred simultaneously and taking both sampling occasions together the maximum was six different types. The same genotypes/types were found again after 4-7 months on 25 sites in 12 subjects. Fifteen sites were mutans streptococcus-positive on only one sampling occasion. The results indicate that several different genotypes of mutans streptococci colonize a tooth site, and that the same genotype colonizes several sites in the same oral cavity. Persistence of genotypes on a site for several months and interindividual differences in the occurrence of genotypes were also found.
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