| 1. |
- Arkhede, Sofia, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Svenskarnas bild av korruption
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ekvilibrium. - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet. - 0284-4788. - 9789189673359 ; , s. 91-103
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I det här kapitlet undersöker vi svenskarnas erfarenhet av korruption, genom att studera hur stor andel av svenskarna som har blivit tillfrågade om att betala en muta i Sverige, och hur de uppfattar graden av korruption i olika yrkesgrupper (politiker, offentliga tjänstemän, företagare, journalister och poliser). För att studera vad korruptionsperceptioner egentligen mäter, väljer vi att särskilt analysera vilka som har en uppfattning om korruptionen och i vilken grad dessa korruptionsuppfattningar samvarierar med en rad sociodemografiska faktorer såsom kön, utbildning, ålder, arbetsgivare och inkomst. Vi undersöker vidare om kontakt med och förtroende för en yrkesgrupp samvarierar med uppfattningar om korruptionen inom den yrkesgruppen. Vi konstaterar att förtroende samvarierar starkt korruptionsuppfattningar medan kontakt inte gör det. Avslutningsvis studerar vi mellanmänsklig tillit och konstaterar att uppfattningen om att korruptionen är utspridd i Sverige är starkt associerad med uppfattningen att människor i allmänhet går att lita på.
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| 2. |
- Bastos Lima, Mairon G., et al.
(författare)
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Large-scale collective action to avoid an Amazon tipping point - key actors and interventions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Current Research in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-0490. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The destruction of the Amazon is a major global environmental issue, not only because of greenhouse gas emissions or direct impacts on biodiversity and livelihoods, but also due to the forest's role as a tipping element in the Earth System. With nearly a fifth of the Amazon already lost, there are already signs of an imminent forest dieback process that risks transforming much of the rainforest into a drier ecosystem, with climatic implications across the globe. There is a large body of literature on the underlying drivers of Amazon deforestation. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the behavioral and institutional microfoundations of change. Fundamental issues concerning cooperation, as well as the mechanisms facilitating or hampering such actions, can play a much more central role in attempts to unravel and address Amazon deforestation. We thus present the issue of preventing the Amazon biome from crossing a biophysical tipping point as a large-scale collective action problem. Drawing from collective action theory, we apply a novel analytical framework on Amazon conservation, identifying six variables that synthesize relevant collective action stressors and facilitators: information, accountability, harmony of interests, horizontal trust, knowledge about consequences, and sense of responsibility. Drawing upon literature and data, we assess Amazon deforestation and conservation through our heuristic lens, showing that while growing transparency has made information availability a collective action facilitator, lack of accountability, distrust among actors, and little sense of responsibility for halting deforestation remain key stressors. We finalize by discussing interventions that can help break the gridlock.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bauhr, Monika, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Åsikter om korruption bortom landets gränser
- 2014
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Ingår i: Mittfåra & marginal, Annika Bergström & Henrik Oscarsson (Ed.). - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Bendz, Anna, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Why do people accept or reject climate policies targeting food consumption? Unpacking justifications in the public debate in online social forums
- 2023
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Ingår i: Food Policy. - 0306-9192. ; 121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A shift in dietary habits will be required to meet global climate targets. However, from a social dilemma perspective, major voluntary shifts in diet patterns are unlikely. Hence, government interventions are called for. This may be a perilous political endeavor, since food habits and choices are assumed to be personal and contentious matters and any food regulation policy risks stepping over the line for what people accept, risking policy legitimacy. In order to construct feasible policy measures, it is therefore important to gain knowledge of the prerequisites for support of climate food regulations and to understand why people accept or oppose regulations. The aim of this paper is to do so by analyzing the public debate concerning meat-free days in school canteens and a tax on meat in two public online social forums in Sweden. We seek to 1) map the arguments supporting (non)acceptability of the two food consumption regulation issues and 2) analyze what policy-specific and factual beliefs are reflected in the arguments and then detangle their meaning and content as revealed in the arguments. We find that policy-specific beliefs around freedom, fairness, and effectiveness are commonly used in support of or objection to these policies, but to different degrees, and often linked to factual beliefs about consequences for health or disadvantaged social groups. We conclude that the general reluctance of policy makers to interfere with what people eat is not necessarily well founded, and that better policy design, framing, and communication have the potential to increase policy support.
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| 6. |
- Bergquist, Magnus, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analyses of fifteen determinants of public opinion about climate change taxes and laws
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 12, s. 235-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public acceptance is a precondition for implementing taxes and laws aimed at mitigating climate change. However, it still remains challenging to understand its determinants for the climate community. Here, we use a meta-analytic approach to examine the role of public opinion about climate change taxes and laws. Fifteen variables were examined by synthesizing 89 datasets from 51 articles across 33 countries, with a total sample of 119,465 participants. Among all factors, perceived fairness and effectiveness were the most important determinants. Self-enhancement values and knowledge about climate change showed weak relationships and demographic variables showed only weak or close to zero effects. Our meta-analytic results provide useful insights and have the potential to inform climate change researchers, practitioners and policymakers to better design climate policy instruments.
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| 7. |
- Bergström, Annika, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Hållbarhetens horisont
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bergström, A. & Harring, N. (red.). Hållbarhetens horisont. Samhälle, Opinion och Medier i Västsverige. - Göteborg : SOM-institutet. - 0284-4788. - 9789189673366 ; , s. 9-24
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Boräng, Frida, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Committing to the Climate: A Global Study of Accountable Climate Targets
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Paris Agreement has been described by many as a historical event, a turning point in the United Nations’ climate negotiations. Its success is often attributed to the intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs), in which countries have committed themselves to individually set targets in order to reduce emissions. However, it still remains to be agreed upon how to review and compare countries’ efforts, as outlined in the INDCs (and at later stages in the nationally determined contributions—NDCs). In this paper we suggest (and construct) a simple quantitative measure which is transparent, ensures valid comparison over time, and which can be determined for a large share of countries; a comparable indicator of country commitments in terms of so called accountable climate targets (ACTs). This indicator is then combined with a global data set of political–institutional, economic and geographic variables to understand more about which factors may affect country commitments. The results from multivariate probability unit (probit) regressions show that egalitarian principles, as well as GDP per capita, tend to be positively associated with climate commitments, while a negative association is found for CO2 emissions per capita
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Charron, Nicholas, et al.
(författare)
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Trust, regulation, and redistribution why some governments overregulate and under-redistribute
- 2021
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Ingår i: Regulation and Governance. - : Wiley. - 1748-5983 .- 1748-5991. ; 15:1, s. 3-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many social scientists, government intervention is linked to low levels of social trust and corruption, while others associate it with high trust and low corruption. We aim to reconcile these contrasting views by distinguishing the opposing effects of trust on two alternative types of government intervention: regulation and redistribution. We argue that distrusting individuals demand more governmental regulation (H1) but less government redistribution (H2), and this could be one of the mechanisms explaining why countries with low levels of trust tend to both overregulate and under-redistribute. And the effects of trust on policy preferences are conditional on the quality of institutions. The higher the level of quality of government in a particular region, the more high-trusting individuals will like government redistribution and dislike government regulation that restricts the operations of free markets (H3). We test these hypotheses with data from the latest round of the European Quality of Government Index (EQI) survey, which covers 77,000 individuals from 185 regions of 21 EU member states. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
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