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- Özlü, Neslihan, 1980-
(författare)
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The Heterogeneity of Behavior in Operations Processes : Empirical Evidence
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Behavioral science research has established that observed human behavior may deviate considerably from model suggestions. In addition to the realization that there is no such thing as standardized human behavior, there are also substantial differences in how people deviate from the model: Different individuals make dissimilar decisions in the same situation when using the same information. Recently, behavioral operations management has seen an increased focus on understanding the role of humans in the decisions and processes these models aim to capture. However, still little is known about the factors that determine the observed behavioral heterogeneity.Advancements in technology have made it possible to collect and analyze data at granular levels. The availability of such detailed data has increased the ability of the behavioral sciences to examine behavior with techniques from data science and empirical analysis. Therein lies the possibility of capturing the human role in processes and improving them according to the results.The overarching purpose of this dissertation is to enhance the understanding of what drives heterogeneity of behavior in operations processes. To fulfill this purpose, this dissertation presents four studies; each targeting drivers of the heterogeneity in different operations processes. The four studies focus on decision making, determining choices, and forecasting in different empirical settings.The first study analyzes the ordering behavior of purchasing agents when placing orders involving uncertain lead times with suppliers. Purchasers seem to rely on their prior encounters with suppliers and add safety times depending on the type and recency of their experiences with them. This behavior may lead to early ordering to avoid late deliveries. Our results inform behavioral operations by examining the mechanism behind experiential learning in an industrial setting. The second study explores e-commerce customers’ choices of fulfillment methods. It disentangles the importance of a customer’s perceived delivery convenience from factors such as order fulfillment speed and price of delivery.The third study investigates industrial purchasing again, this time analyzing how purchasers time their orders depending on previous experiences with specific suppliers and the experiences of peers. Our findings contribute to the literature on supply chain disruptions and the effect of rare events on an individual’s ordering decisions, and highlight how individuals learn from their own as well as from peers' experiences. The fourth study focuses on the effect of lifetime experiences on professionals who are tasked with forecasting inflation over an extended period. We provide evidence that systematic differences in forecasts of inflation across generations of economic forecasters are due to varied lifetime experiences. This outcome adds to the literature on experiential effects by emphasizing the importance of individual judgment versus available information in forecasting tasks.All studies use field data collected from several companies to explore drivers of behavioral heterogeneity in operations processes. Their findings permit a better understanding of what drives variations of behavior in different operations settings, which through further elaboration and research can help businesses set more targeted policies and management priorities.
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- Markowski, Peter, 1981-
(författare)
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Collaboration Routines : A Study of Interdisciplinary Healthcare
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with routines for collaboration among specialists from different domains in healthcare. Healthcare policy is increasingly directed at transforming clinical healthcare into an interdisciplinary organization where diverse medical specialists collaborate in delivering complete treatments to the patient. However, as both practice and research repeatedly reports, achieving interdisciplinary collaboration is difficult. Due to the divides in knowledge and practice which exist between the medical disciplines, multidisciplinary clinics do not automatically lead to collaboration involving integration of disciplinary knowledge. Based on recent conceptualizations of organizational routines as sources of both stability and flexibility, this thesis concentrates on the type of routines that enable collaboration across domain boundaries. Collaboration routines, as they are called here, are suggested to support the interdisciplinary clinic in making use of its diversity in knowledge and practice. The thesis is comprised of four papers, including three empirical case studies of clinical healthcare. The combined findings indicate that collaboration routines support idea generation, testing of new joint practices and trial-and-error learning. Contrary to the common underlying conception of routines as blueprints, these findings bring to the surface an underlying logic of shared learning. Collaboration routines continuously support the formation and maintenance of shared cognition and shared motivation among different domain specialists, thereby assuming a function of continuous routinizing. The thesis contributes to the literature on routines by advancing research on how routines can support collaboration across domain boundaries within an organization.
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- Pashkevich, Natallia, 1983-
(författare)
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Information Worker Productivity Enabled by IT System Usage : A Complementary-Based Approach
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Assessing the conditions of productivity of individual workers who process information and use IT has been a concern for many researchers. Prior studies have applied different theoretical foundations to study the relationship between IT use and productivity at individual level in post adoption scenarios and have provided mixed results. In the last decades, the proposition that there is a need for a set of factors to be changed in a synchronized fashion when using an IT system has received particular attention. Very little, however, is known about the configurations of these factors at individual level. To investigate this gap, we have designed a new research model of an information worker’s individual productivity when a more aligned IT system is used in a synchronized manner with both individual and organizational factors. The formulated research model is grounded on the complementarity theory, functioning here as a meta-theory guiding the linking of productivity theory, Kirton’s adaption-innovation theory, and several theoretical bodies on the structure of production processes and human resource management. The formulated model was tested in two empirical studies – a longitudinal quasi-randomized field experiment and an online experiment – conducted to investigate configurations of complementary factors that increase productivity when a new, more aligned IT system is used.Overall, the two studies shed important light on configurations of complementary factors and the improvement of the research design to study their impact on IT-enabled productivity. The obtained results contribute to the research that focuses on individual information worker IT-enabled productivity as well as research that rests on the complementarity theory with new configurations of complementary factors that, when matched correctly, can increase individual productivity of information workers. Eventually, the studies presented here advocate that further research is needed to increase our in-depth understanding of complementary factors and their impact on individual IT-enabled productivity of information workers.
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