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- Harri, A.-M., et al.
(författare)
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Mars Science Laboratory relative humidity observations: Initial results
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets. - 2169-9097 .- 2169-9100. ; 119:9, s. 2132-2147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) made a successful landing at Gale crater early August 2012. MSL has an environmental instrument package called the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) as a part of its scientific payload. REMS comprises instrumentation for the observation of atmospheric pressure, temperature of the air, ground temperature, wind speed and direction, relative humidity (REMS-H), and UV measurements. We concentrate on describing the REMS-H measurement performance and initial observations during the first 100 MSL sols as well as constraining the REMS-H results by comparing them with earlier observations and modeling results. The REMS-H device is based on polymeric capacitive humidity sensors developed by Vaisala Inc., and it makes use of transducer electronics section placed in the vicinity of the three humidity sensor heads. The humidity device is mounted on the REMS boom providing ventilation with the ambient atmosphere through a filter protecting the device from airborne dust. The final relative humidity results appear to be convincing and are aligned with earlier indirect observations of the total atmospheric precipitable water content. The water mixing ratio in the atmospheric surface layer appears to vary between 30 and 75 ppm. When assuming uniform mixing, the precipitable water content of the atmosphere is ranging from a few to six precipitable micrometers.
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- Jain, Ruchi, et al.
(författare)
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Liver nucleotide biosynthesis is linked to protection from vascular complications in individuals with long-term type 1 diabetes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identification of biomarkers associated with protection from developing diabetic complications is a prerequisite for an effective prevention and treatment. The aim of the present study was to identify clinical and plasma metabolite markers associated with freedom from vascular complications in people with very long duration of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Individuals with T1D, who despite having longer than 30 years of diabetes duration never developed major macro- or microvascular complications (non-progressors; NP) were compared with those who developed vascular complications within 25 years from diabetes onset (rapid progressors; RP) in the Scandinavian PROLONG (n = 385) and DIALONG (n = 71) cohorts. The DIALONG study also included 75 healthy controls. Plasma metabolites were measured using gas and/or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Lower hepatic fatty liver indices were significant common feature characterized NPs in both studies. Higher insulin sensitivity and residual beta-cell function (C-peptide) were also associated with NPs in PROLONG. Protection from diabetic complications was associated with lower levels of the glycolytic metabolite pyruvate and APOCIII in PROLONG, and with lower levels of thiamine monophosphate and erythritol, a cofactor and intermediate product in the pentose phosphate pathway as well as higher phenylalanine, glycine and serine in DIALONG. Furthermore, T1D individuals showed elevated levels of picolinic acid as compared to the healthy individuals. The present findings suggest a potential beneficial shunting of glycolytic substrates towards the pentose phosphate and one carbon metabolism pathways to promote nucleotide biosynthesis in the liver. These processes might be linked to higher insulin sensitivity and lower liver fat content, and might represent a mechanism for protection from vascular complications in individuals with long-term T1D.
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- Abdel-Magied, Ahmed F., et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and characterization of chiral phosphirane derivatives of [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)12] and their application in the hydrogenation of an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-328X. ; 849-850, s. 71-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ruthenium clusters containing the chiral binaphthyl-derived mono-phosphiranes [(S)-([1,1'-binaphthalen]-2-yl)phosphirane] (S)-1a, [(R)-(2'-methoxy-1,1'-binaphthyl-2-yl)phosphirane] (R)-1b, and the diphosphirane [2,2'-di(phosphiran-1-yl)-1,1'-binaphthalene] (S)-1c have been synthesized and characterized. The clusters are [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((S)-1a)] (S)-2, [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((R)-1b)] (R)-3, 1,1-[(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)10((S)-1c)] (S)-4, [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((S)-binaphthyl-P(s)(H)Et)] (S,S p)-5, [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((S)-binaphthyl-P(R)(H)Et)] (S,R p)-6, [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((R)-binaphthyl-P(s)(H)Et)] (R,S p)-7, [(μ-H)4Ru4(CO)11((R)-binaphthyl-P(R)(H)Et)] (R,R p)-8 and the phosphinidene-capped triruthenium cluster [(μ-H)2Ru3(CO)9(PEt)] 9. Clusters 5-8 are formed via hydrogenation and opening of the phosphirane ring in clusters (S)-2 and (R)-3. The phosphirane-substituted clusters were found to be able to catalyze the hydrogenation of trans-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid (tiglic acid), but no enantioselectivity could be detected. The molecular structures of (S)-4, (R,S p)-7 and 9 have been determined and are presented.
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- Ahola, Virpi, et al.
(författare)
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The Glanville fritillary genome retains an ancient karyotype and reveals selective chromosomal fusions in Lepidoptera
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 4737-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have reported that chromosome synteny in Lepidoptera has been well conserved, yet the number of haploid chromosomes varies widely from 5 to 223. Here we report the genome (393 Mb) of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia; Nymphalidae), a widely recognized model species in metapopulation biology and eco-evolutionary research, which has the putative ancestral karyotype of n = 31. Using a phylogenetic analyses of Nymphalidae and of other Lepidoptera, combined with orthologue-level comparisons of chromosomes, we conclude that the ancestral lepidopteran karyotype has been n = 31 for at least 140 My. We show that fusion chromosomes have retained the ancestral chromosome segments and very few rearrangements have occurred across the fusion sites. The same, shortest ancestral chromosomes have independently participated in fusion events in species with smaller karyotypes. The short chromosomes have higher rearrangement rate than long ones. These characteristics highlight distinctive features of the evolutionary dynamics of butterflies and moths.
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