| 1. |
- Marto, João Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Outcome of Revascularization Treatment in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and COVID-19: The Global COVID-19 Stroke Registry.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 100:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19-related inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy may increase the bleeding risk and lower the efficacy of revascularization treatments in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to evaluate the safety and outcomes of revascularization treatments in patients with AIS and COVID-19.This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular treatment (EVT) between March 2020 and June 2021 tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. With a doubly robust model combining propensity score weighting and multivariate regression, we studied the association of COVID-19 with intracranial bleeding complications and clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed according to treatment groups (IVT-only and EVT).Of a total of 15,128 included patients from 105 centers, 853 (5.6%) were diagnosed with COVID-19; of those, 5,848 (38.7%) patients received IVT-only and 9,280 (61.3%) EVT (with or without IVT). Patients with COVID-19 had a higher rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.16-2.01), symptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SSAH) (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.20-2.69), SICH and/or SSAH combined (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.23-1.99), 24-hour mortality (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.58-3.86), and 3-month mortality (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.52-2.33). Patients with COVID-19 also had an unfavorable shift in the distribution of the modified Rankin score at 3 months (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.26-1.60).Patients with AIS and COVID-19 showed higher rates of intracranial bleeding complications and worse clinical outcomes after revascularization treatments than contemporaneous non-COVID-19 patients receiving treatment. Current available data do not allow direct conclusions to be drawn on the effectiveness of revascularization treatments in patients with COVID-19 or to establish different treatment recommendations in this subgroup of patients with ischemic stroke. Our findings can be taken into consideration for treatment decisions, patient monitoring, and establishing prognosis.The study was registered under ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04895462.
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| 2. |
- Pejchal, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Untangling the controversy on Ce3+luminescence in LaAlO3crystals
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2633-5409. ; 3:8, s. 3500-3512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aluminum perovskites represent an important group of promising scintillation materials with excellent proportionality and energy resolution, but due to difficulties in crystal growth not much attention has been paid to them. We studied a Ce-doped LaAlO3lanthanum-aluminum perovskite (LaAP) because of its easy crystal growth facilitated by the large La3+cations in the matrix. Moreover, recent observations of intense blue luminescence by some researchers show that the potential of this material could not be ruled out. On the other hand, some reports claim that Ce3+luminescence is completely absent in the LaAP matrix. Therefore, we have decided to study this material in much greater detail using an extended set of correlated experiments to explain the observed discrepancies and underlying phenomena. Crystal growth by the micro-pulling-down method is reported together with the luminescence and scintillation properties. We demonstrate the influence of inclusions of other aluminate phases created during the crystal growth on the luminescence processes. The existence of the phases was simultaneously confirmed by observations using a scanning electron microscope, cathodoluminescence, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), which were correlated with photoluminescence and scintillation studies. The EPR evidenced the incorporation of Ce ions in different environments comprising the LaAP matrix and inclusions. Based on these results, the luminescence mechanism is proposed and discussed and the low scintillation efficiency of the Ce-doped LaAP is explained together with the discrepancies in the literature.
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| 3. |
- Brodsky, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Downsizing the Channel Length of Vertical Organic Electrochemical Transistors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 15:22, s. 27002-27009
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are promisingbuildingblocks for bioelectronic devices such as sensors and neural interfaces.While the majority of OECTs use simple planar geometry, there is interestin exploring how these devices operate with much shorter channelson the submicron scale. Here, we show a practical route toward theminimization of the channel length of the transistor using traditionalphotolithography, enabling large-scale utilization. We describe thefabrication of such transistors using two types of conducting polymers.First, commercial solution-processed poly-(dioxyethylenethiophene):poly-(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS. Next, we also exploit the short channel lengthto support easy in situ electropolymerization of poly-(dioxyethylenethiophene):tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, PEDOT:PF6. Both variantsshow different promising features, leading the way in terms of transconductance(g (m)), with the measured peak g (m) up to 68 mS for relatively thin (280 nm) channel layerson devices with the channel length of 350 nm and with widths of 50,100, and 200 & mu;m. This result suggests that the use of electropolymerizedsemiconductors, which can be easily customized, is viable with verticalgeometry, as uniform and thin layers can be created. Spin-coated PEDOT:PSSlags behind with the lower values of g (m); however, it excels in terms of the speed of the device and alsohas a comparably lower off current (300 nA), leading to unusuallyhigh on/off ratio, with values up to 8.6 x 10(4). Ourapproach to vertical gap devices is simple, scalable, and can be extendedto other applications where small electrochemical channels are desired.
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| 4. |
- Ficker, Ondrej, et al.
(författare)
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Long slide-away discharges in the COMPASS tokamak
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics. ; 61:18, s. GP10.00101-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this contribution, long runaway electron (RE)dominated discharges achieved in the COMPASS tokamak are presented. The extensivelength is possible due to a low consumption of available volt-seconds of thetokamak transformer in this type of discharge. Energetic electron losses in thisregime seems to be modulated mainly by small oscillations of a radial position (controllersetting) unlike in the RE discharges at higher electron density, where variousMHD phenomena affect the evolution of the losses. The behaviour of the slide-awayplasma is studied using magnetic coils, HXR detectors, ECE system and a pair of3He proportional counters of neutrons. The plasma scenario is also modelled usingFokker-Planck codes.
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| 5. |
- Gablech, Imrich, et al.
(författare)
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High-Conductivity Stoichiometric Titanium Nitride for Bioelectronics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Electronic Materials. - : WILEY. - 2199-160X. ; 9:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioelectronic devices such as neural stimulation and recording devices require stable low-impedance electrode interfaces. Various forms of nitridated titanium are used in biointerface applications due to robustness and biological inertness. In this work, stoichiometric TiN thin films are fabricated using a dual Kaufman ion-beam source setup, without the necessity of substrate heating. These layers are remarkable compared to established forms of TiN due to high degree of crystallinity and excellent electrical conductivity. How this fabrication method can be extended to produce structured AlN, to yield robust AlN/TiN bilayer micropyramids, is described. These electrodes compare favorably to commercial TiN microelectrodes in the performance metrics important for bioelectronics interfaces: higher conductivity (by an order of magnitude), lower electrochemical impedance, and higher capacitive charge injection with lower faradaicity. These results demonstrate that the Kaufman ion-beam sputtering method can produce competitive nitride ceramics for bioelectronics applications at low deposition temperatures.
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| 6. |
- Parma, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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More Than Smell—COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemical Senses. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0379-864X .- 1464-3553. ; 45:7, s. 609-622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19–79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (−79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (−69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (−37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
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