| 1. |
- Aradhya, Siddartha, et al.
(författare)
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Pushing and Pulling : A population based approach to analysing the historical determinants of internal migration
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper contributes to the literature on internal migration by estimating parameters for push and pull factors by modelling the complete migration decision. Using data based on individuals linked between the complete Swedish censuses of 1880 and 1890, we consider both the push factors which determined whether an individual choose to leave their origin and the pulls factors which attracted migrants to specific destinations. The analysis includes both male and female migrants and takes into account the effect of individual, family, and location specific characteristics . Moreover, we consider all possible origins and destinations for internal migrants.
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| 2. |
- Aradhya, Siddartha, et al.
(författare)
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Region of Origin: Settlement Decisions of Turkish and Iranian Immigrants in Sweden, 1968-2001
- 2017
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Ingår i: Population Space and Place. - : Wiley. - 1544-8452 .- 1544-8444. ; 23:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the residential resettlement decisions of a sample of immigrants from Iran and Turkey living in Sweden between 1968 and 2001. Using the Swedish Longitudinal Immigrant database, we are able to link unique pre- and post-migration data to understand whether region of origin is a better predictor of internal migration decisions than is country of origin, the more often used measure in existing research. More specifically, we test whether living in municipalities with a high number of individuals from the same country of origin is a similar phenomenon as a high number of individuals from the same region of origin. This is relevant, as large immigrant groups come from ethnically, religiously, and linguistically heterogeneous countries of origin where regional characteristics differ according to aforementioned aspects from that of the mainstream population. We indeed find that individuals are less likely to relocate from municipalities in which there is a large presence of other immigrants from the same region of origin. Instead, individuals residing in areas with a large number of individuals from their country of origin are observed with an elevated probability of resettlement. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Brea-Martinez, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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The Long-Term Effects of Childhood Poverty in Adult’s SES Attainment. How Important Is the Neighborhood? (Sweden, 1947-2015)
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article studies the consequences of adult income resulting from exposure to poverty at the neighbourhood and family levels for children aged 1-17 in Southern Sweden from 1947 to 1967. We used geocoded information at the address level to identify k-neighbourhoods of various sizes and applied both relative and absolute poverty measurements, all yielding similar results. Moreover, our longitudinal data allowed for consecutive observations of individuals during childhood, enabling the capture of cumulative aspects of poverty exposure. Among our main findings, we identified that poverty in neighbourhoods had an independent association, even after accounting for familial poverty experience. This association appeared to be more substantial for men at younger ages, especially from 1 to 6, where ever living in a considered poor neighbourhood had a clear negative impact on adult income. However, for women, the general increase in university education attainment seemed to have neutralised any neighbourhood effect. The role played by neighbourhood poverty remained constant over time and across cohorts, even though our observational period coincided with the first expansion of the Swedish welfare estate.
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| 4. |
- de Souza Maia, Vinicius, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood Neighborhoods and Lifetime Fertility in Twentieth-Century Sweden: A K-Nearest Neighbor Approach
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In addition to the individual and family context, neighborhoods and communities are important for the individual life course and family transitions. We study how social neighborhoods in childhood influence fertility outcomes in adulthood. Theories focusing on motivation, aspirations and attitudes or peer influence generally predict that low-SES children living in high-SES neighborhoods benefit from social contact, whereas resource competition and relative deprivation theories give opposite predictions. We model neighborhoods using a k-nearest neighbor approach that solves methodological problems with spatial aggregation. We study individuals growing up in Landskrona in southern Sweden, 1939-1967, and follow them through adulthood regardless of where they reside in Sweden for the period 1968-2015. We measure early childbearing and children ever born. Our findings show that women growing up in a white-collar neighborhood are less likely to have a first child before age 20, but do not have a higher life-time fertility.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hassing Nielsen, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Democratic Preferences and the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Did the political COVID-19 pandemic impact levels of populism? And did a potential effect travel across different national pandemic strategies? Populism is characterized by a growing antagonistic elite-population gap, which might be further triggered by top-down pandemic legislation. Using large-n panel survey data from Denmark and Sweden, being two similar Scandinavian universal welfare states that nevertheless adapted two very dissimilar pandemic strategies, we explore how populism evolved during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, relying on national census and geocoded telecom data, we explore if the evolution of populism is related to civil disobedience to pandemic regulations. We show that populism significantly rose in both countries between March-June 2020. Yet, this evolution remains untied to ideology, inter-regional geography, and the spread of contamination. The findings highlight severe democratic consequences of pandemic legislation across both open and voluntary pandemic strategies as well as more closed lockdowns.
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| 7. |
- Hedefalk, Finn, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood neighborhoods and cause-specific adult mortality in Sweden 1939–2015
- 2023
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Ingår i: Health & Place. - 1873-2054. ; 84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The socioeconomic health gradient has widened in recent decades. We study how childhood socioeconomic neighborhood conditions influence gender- and cause-specific adult mortality. Using uniquely detailed geocoded longitudinal microdata for a Swedish town (1939–1967), with a follow-up in national registers (1968–2015), we apply Cox proportional hazards models and estimate individual neighborhoods at the address-level. We find that childhood neighborhood social class has a lasting influence on male adult mortality (ages 40–69), even when adjusting for class position, class origin, neighborhood physical attributes and school districts. This impact was particularly pronounced for preventable causes of death, pointing to lifestyle and behavioral factors as important mechanisms.
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| 8. |
- Hedefalk, Finn, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood neighborhoods and health in adulthood: A life-course and nearest neighbor approach for Sweden 1939-2015
- 2021
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Ingår i: ; , s. 1-1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes the association between neighborhood social class in childhood and later-life health trajectories, controlling for both class origin and class attainment in adulthood. We study the association between socio-spatial neighborhood conditions throughout childhood and a range of health outcomes in adulthood. To measure childhood conditions, we utilize unique longitudinal micro-data that contains economic and demographic information of the full population of the Swedish industrial town Landskrona, 1939-1967, which are geocoded at the address level. We measure continuous neighborhood social class using a k-nearest neighbor approach and spatial regression models. Preliminary results point to clear associations between neighborhood class and adult health, relatively independently from both class origin and adulthood class attainment. Notable gender differences are also found. The final version of the paper will include a range of other health outcomes including diagnoses, cause of death, women’s health at childbirth and birthweight of their children.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hedefalk, Finn, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to Neighborhood Income Inequality in Childhood and Later-Life Mortality, Sweden 1939-2015
- 2022
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Ingår i: ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The degree of inequality in a society may be harmful to individual health, regardless of wheresomeone is located in the income ladder. An underlying assumption in the literature is thatthere is an instant link between income inequality and individual health and most studiesconsider a contemporary correlation, assessing inequality and health just about the same pointin time. Moreover, research is limited regarding the long-term consequences of exposure toincome inequality and inequality is often measured at coarse geographical levels, althoughpotential mechanisms mediate a relationship may be very local. We use geocoded longitudinalmicrodata for the city of Landskrona, 1947-1967, linked to Swedish national registers, 1968-2015, to analyze how exposure to economic inequality in childhood neighborhoods influencemortality in adulthood. For the period 1947-1967, the whole population of Landskrona isgeocoded at the address-level, and we observe their full residential histories within the city.Here, we measure continuous individual neighborhood conditions, using on the k-nearestneighbors approach, for the children (ages 1-17) in the town. We focus on the Gini-index, andaverage income in the childhood neighborhood. We follow up exposed children nationwide atage 40 (1968-2015) and use Cox proportional hazards models to analyze the effect ofneighborhood income and Gini-index on adult mortality from age 40 to 69. We control forchildhood family income, socio-spatial neighborhood characteristics, and social class inadulthood.The preliminary results indicate that economic inequalities within the childhoodneighborhoods were important for adult mortality of men, but not for women. Men who grewup in neighborhoods with low inequality experienced a relatively lower mortality risk inadulthood compared to men growing up in high inequality neighborhoods, even whenadjusting for both childhood family income, neighborhood income, and adult class. The maincontribution of this study is the analysis of exposure to neighborhood inequality in childhood,at the micro-level, and the implications over the life-course.
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