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- Dussex, Nicolas, et al.
(författare)
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Moose genomes reveal past glacial demography and the origin of modern lineages
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Numerous megafauna species from northern latitudes went extinct during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition as a result of climate-induced habitat changes. However, several ungulate species managed to successfully track their habitats during this period to eventually flourish and recolonise the holarctic regions. So far, the genomic impacts of these climate fluctuations on ungulates from high latitudes have been little explored. Here, we assemble a de-novo genome for the European moose (Alces alces) and analyse it together with re-sequenced nuclear genomes and ancient and modern mitogenomes from across the moose range in Eurasia and North America.Results: We found that moose demographic history was greatly influenced by glacial cycles, with demographic responses to the Pleistocene/Holocene transition similar to other temperate ungulates. Our results further support that modern moose lineages trace their origin back to populations that inhabited distinct glacial refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Finally, we found that present day moose in Europe and North America show low to moderate inbreeding levels resulting from post-glacial bottlenecks and founder effects, but no evidence for recent inbreeding resulting from human-induced population declines.Conclusions: Taken together, our results highlight the dynamic recent evolutionary history of the moose and provide an important resource for further genomic studies.
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| 2. |
- Rosengren, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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New finds of European bison identified through the systematic DNA-based species identification of archaeological remains of large bovines from Scandinavia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. - 2352-409X. ; 57, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is clear from the subfossil record that aurochs (Bos primigenius) and European bison (Bison bonasus) coexisted in southern Scandinavia during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. However, the two species are unevenly represented, especially in zooarchaeological assemblages where the aurochs is the only identified bovine. By applying genetic taxonomic assignment from mitochondrial and shallow whole-genome shotgun data from prehistoric bovine remains, this study explores the proposition that the predominance of aurochs in the subfossil record in part results from misassignment of European bison remains caused by overlapping skeletal morphology. Although our results confirm that most aurochs assignments of bovine bones are valid, through our analysis we were able to expand the European bison subfossil record and also reveal the exploitation of the species by prehistoric Scandinavians during the very early Holocene. Hence, it would appear that Mesolithic communities’ hunting strategies centred primarily around the fauna local to their wetland settlements and/or indeed point to the early local disappearance of the European bison, as previously supposed.
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| 3. |
- Salojarvi, Jarkko, et al.
(författare)
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Genome sequencing and population genomic analyses provide insights into the adaptive landscape of silver birch
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 49:6, s. 904-912
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silver birch (Betula pendula) is a pioneer boreal tree that can be induced to flower within 1 year. Its rapid life cycle, small (440-Mb) genome, and advanced germplasm resources make birch an attractive model for forest biotechnology. We assembled and chromosomally anchored the nuclear genome of an inbred B. pendula individual. Gene duplicates from the paleohexaploid event were enriched for transcriptional regulation, whereas tandem duplicates were overrepresented by environmental responses. Population resequencing of 80 individuals showed effective population size crashes at major points of climatic upheaval. Selective sweeps were enriched among polyploid duplicates encoding key developmental and physiological triggering functions, suggesting that local adaptation has tuned the timing of and cross-talk between fundamental plant processes. Variation around the tightly-linked light response genes PHYC and FRS10 correlated with latitude and longitude and temperature, and with precipitation for PHYC. Similar associations characterized the growth-promoting cytokinin response regulator ARR1, and the wood development genes KAK and MED5A.
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