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- Eerola, Hannaleena, et al.
(författare)
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Basal cytokeratins in breast tumours among BRCA1, BRCA2 and mutation-negative breast cancer families
- 2008
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Ingår i: Breast cancer research : BCR. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-542X. ; 10:1, s. R17-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Finding new immunohistochemical markers that are specific to hereditary breast cancer could help us to select candidates for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation testing and to understand the biological pathways of tumour development. METHODS: Using breast cancer tumour microarrays, immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin (CK)-5/6, CK-14 and CK-17 was evaluated in breast tumours from BRCA1 families (n = 46), BRCA2 families (n = 40), non-BRCA1/BRCA2 families (n = 358) and familial breast cancer patients with one first-degree relative affected by breast or ovarian cancer (n = 270), as well as from patients with sporadic breast cancer (n = 364). Staining for CK-5/6, CK-14 and CK-17 was compared between these groups and correlated with other clinical and histological factors. RESULTS: CK-5/6, CK-14 and CK-17 were detected mostly among oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative and high-grade tumours. We found the highest percentages of samples positive for these CKs among ER-negative/HER2-negative tumours. In univariate analysis, CK-14 was significantly associated with tumours from BRCA1 (39%; P < 0.0005), BRCA2 (27%; P = 0.011), and non-BRCA1/BRCA2 (21%; P < 0.005) families, as compared with sporadic tumours (10%). However, in multivariate analysis, CKs were not found to be independently associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation status, and the most effective predictors of BRCA1 mutations were age at onset, HER2 status, and either ER or PR status. CONCLUSION: Although our study confirms that basal CKs can help to identify BRCA1 mutation carriers, this effect was weaker than previously suggested and CKs did not independently predict BRCA1 mutation either from sporadic or familial breast cancer cases. The most effective, independent predictors of BRCA1 mutations were age at onset, HER2 status, and either ER or PR status, as compared with sporadic or non-BRCA1/BRCA2 cancers.
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| 2. |
- Heinonen, Mira, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic role of HuR in hereditary breast cancer
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 13:23, s. 6959-6963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: HuR is an mRNA-binding protein that enhances the stability of certain transcripts and can regulate their translation. Elevated cytoplasmic expression of HuR protein has been linked to carcinogenesis and is associated with reduced survival in breast, ovarian, and gastric adenocarcinomas. Experimental Design: Here, we have explored the relevance of HuR in familial breast cancer. Tumor samples were collected from patients with identified BRCA1 (n = 51) or BRCA2 (n = 47) mutations or familial non-BRCA1/2 cases (n = 525), and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results: Among familial non-BRCAI/2 breast cancer patients, cytoplasmic HuR protein expression was present in 39.4% of the cases and was associated with estrogen receptor negativity, progesterone receptor negativity, p53 positivity, high tumor grade, and ductal type of the tumor. In multivariate analysis, cytoplasmic HuR expression was an independent marker of reduced survival in the non-BRCAI/2 group along with tumor size >2 cm, lymph node metastasis, and high histologic grade. In patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, cytoplasmic HuR expression was more frequent (62.7% for BRCA1 and 61.7% for BRCA2) than in the non-BRCA1/ 2 group, but in BRCA -mutated subgroups cytoplasmic HuR expression did not associate with survival. Conclusions: Our results show that HuR is an important prognostic factor in familial breast cancer patients and may contribute to carcinogenesis in this disease.
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| 3. |
- Heiskanen, Tuija, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual reality-multiple dimensions for rehabilitation
- 2012
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Ingår i: COTEC- International congress of occupational therapy, 24-27maj 2012, Stockholm..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: There are numerous ways to utilize virtual reality (VR) in rehabilitation. For clients and professionals VR promotes digital inclusion in rehabilitation programs. Aim: to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of virtual rehabilitation on occupational performance in adult stroke patients' rehabilitation. Methods: The systematic review was conducted to identify published randomized controlled trials (RCT) from several databases. The quality of evidence was graded with GRADE (Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation) method. Results: Ten RCT studies identified. The quality of evidence on the effectiveness of using VR in the stroke rehabilitation was very low or low. Conclusion: The current evidence on the effectiveness of using VR in the stroke rehabilitation is limited. Any recommendations of using VR in stroke rehabilitation cannot be made due to limited evidence. Further research concerning virtual rehabilitation in group-based rehabilitation and organizing rehabilitation in rural areas is needed.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Laurén, Ari, et al.
(författare)
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Nitrogen and Carbon Dynamics and the Role of Enchytraeid Worms in Decomposition of L, F and H Layers of Boreal Mor
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water, Air and Soil Pollution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-6979 .- 1573-2932. ; 223:7, s. 3701-3719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decomposition of organic material releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and ammonium (NH4-N) into soil water. Each of the decomposition products contributes differently to overall export of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to water courses. Our aim was to study the quantity and composition of the released C and N as affected by the organic material and soil fauna, represented by enchytraeid worms. We measured the release rate of carbon dioxide, and calculated the release rates for DOC and dissolved N in soil from repeated measurements of DOC and N pools during laboratory incubation of litter (L), fermented (F) and humus (H) layers of boreal forest mor. The intermediate decomposition products, DOC and DON, were characterised according to the molecule size. The release rate of the decomposition products was higher for fresh than for old organic material. The majority of N and C were released as NH4-N and CO2, respectively. The amount of extractable organic N in soil decreased by time but DON increased. Enchytraeids stimulated N mineralisation and the release of large molecule size DOC, particularly in L layer. The results suggest that organic N in extractable form biodegrades effectively, and that soil fauna have an important role in the decomposition. The results were interpreted from the water quality point of view and the implications of the results to modelling of decomposition and export of DOC and dissolved N to recipient water bodies are discussed. In the modelling context, the novelty of the study is the description of the intermediate decomposition products and the division of the dissolved organic compounds into low molecular weight and high molecular weight fractions.
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