| 1. |
- Al Musawi, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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Intervention for a correct medication list and medication use in older adults : a non-randomised feasibility study among inpatients and residents during care transitions
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy. - : Springer. - 2210-7703 .- 2210-7711.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMedication discrepancies in care transitions and medication non-adherence are problematic. Few interventions consider the entire process, from the hospital to the patient's medication use at home.AimIn preparation for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), this study aimed (1) to investigate the feasibility of recruitment and retention of patients, and data collection to reduce medication discrepancies at discharge and improve medication adherence, and (2) to explore the outcomes of the interventions.MethodParticipants were recruited from a hospital and a residential area. Hospital patients participated in a pharmacist-led intervention to establish a correct medication list upon discharge and a follow-up interview two weeks post-discharge. All participants received a person-centred adherence intervention for three to six months. Discrepancies in the medication lists, the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ-S), and the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5) were assessed.ResultsOf 87 asked to participate, 35 were included, and 12 completed the study. Identifying discrepancies, discussing discrepancies with physicians, and performing follow-up interviews were possible. Conducting the adherence intervention was also possible using individual health plans for medication use. Among the seven hospital patients, 24 discrepancies were found. Discharging physicians agreed that all discrepancies were errors, but only ten were corrected in the discharge information. Ten participants decreased their total BMQ-S concern scores, and seven increased their total MARS-5 scores.ConclusionBased on this study, conducting the two RCTs separately may increase the inclusion rate. Data collection was feasible. Both interventions were feasible in many aspects but need to be optimised in upcoming RCTs.
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| 2. |
- Bondesson, Åsa ÅB, et al.
(författare)
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A structured questionnaire to assess patient compliance and beliefs about medicines taking into account the ordered categorical structure of data
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice. - : Wiley. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 15:4, s. 713-723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to describe and evaluate the structured medication questionnaire and to improve data handling of results from the Morisky four-item scale for patient compliance and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-specific (BMQ-specific). METHODS: A questionnaire was developed with the purpose of being used when identifying medication errors and assessing patient compliance to and beliefs about medicines. RESULTS: A majority of the respondents (62%; CI 45-77%) had at least one medication error. Assuming that all items are equally important in the Morisky four-item scale we presented four alternative ways to create a unidimensional global scale. A two-dimensional global scale was also constructed. The results from the BMQ-specific were presented in different ways, all taking into account that the scale has ordered verbal categories: at the level addressing each specific question, at the sub-scales 'concern' and 'necessity' level and at the global level. CONCLUSIONS: The structured medication questionnaire can be used in daily practice as a tool to identify drug-related problems. The choice of how to use and present data from those scales in research depends on patient characteristics and how discriminating one would like the scales to be.
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| 3. |
- Hammar, Tora, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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The use of a decision support system in Swedish pharmacies to identify potential drug-related problems : effects of a national intervention focused on reviewing elderly patients’ prescriptions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Pharmacy. - : MDPI. - 2226-4787. ; 8:3, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In pharmacies in Sweden, a clinical decision support system called Electronic Expert Support (EES) is available to analyse patients’ prescriptions for potential drug-related problems. A nationwide intervention was performed in 2018 among all Swedish pharmacy chains to increase the use of EES among patients 75 years or older. The aim of this research was to study the use of EES in connection with the national intervention in order to describe any effects of the intervention, to understand how pharmacists use EES and to identify any barriers and facilitators for the use of EES by pharmacists for elderly patients. Data on the number and categories of EES analyses, alerts, resolved alerts and active pharmacies was provided by the Swedish eHealth Agency. The effects of the intervention were analysed using interrupted time series regression. A web-based questionnaire comprising 20 questions was sent to 1500 pharmacists randomly selected from all pharmacies in Sweden. The study shows that pharmacists use and appreciate EES and that the national intervention had a clear effect during the week of the intervention and seems to have contributed to a faster increase in pharmacists’ use of EES during the year to follow. The study also identified several issues or barriers for using EES.
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| 4. |
- Hellström, Lina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical implementation of systematic medication reconciliation and review as part of the Lund Integrated Medicines Management model – impact on all cause emergency department revisits
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0269-4727 .- 1365-2710. ; 37:6, s. 686-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is known and objective: Interventions involving medication reconciliation and review by clinical pharmacists can reduce drug-related problems and improve therapeutic outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of routine admission medication reconciliation and inpatient medication review on emergency department (ED) revisits after discharge. Secondary outcomes included the combined rate of post-discharge hospital revisits or death.Methods: This prospective, controlled study included all patients hospitalised in three internal medicine wards in a university hospital, between January 1 2006 and May 31 2008. Medication reconciliation on admission and inpatient medication review, conducted by clinical pharmacists in a multiprofessional team, were implemented in these wards at different times during 2007 and 2008 (intervention periods). A discharge medication reconciliation was undertaken in all the study wards, during both control and intervention periods. Patients were included in the intervention group (n=1216) if they attended a ward with medication reconciliation and review, whether they had received the intervention or not. Control patients (n=2758) attended the wards before implementation of the intervention. Results: No impact of medication reconciliation and reviews on ED revisits (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86-1.04) or event-free survival (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.88-1.04) was demonstrated. In the intervention group, 594 patients (48.8%) visited the ED, compared to 1416 (51.3%) control patients. In total, 716 intervention (58.9%) and 1688 (61.2%) control patients experienced any event (ED visit, hospitalisation or death). Because the time to a subsequent ED visit was longer for the control as well as the intervention groups in 2007 than in 2006 (p<0.05), we re-examined this cohort of patients; the proportion of patients revisiting the ED was similar in both groups in 2007 (p=0.608).What is new and conclusion: Routine implementation of medication reconciliation and reviews on admission and during the hospital stay did not appear to have any impact on ED revisits, rehospitalisations or mortality over six months' follow-up.
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| 5. |
- Hellström, Lina, 1975-
(författare)
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Clinical pharmacy services within a multiprofessional healthcare team
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The purpose of drug treatment is to reduce morbidity and mortality, and to improve health-related quality of life. However, there are frequent problems associated with drug treatment, especially among the elderly. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of clinical pharmacy services within a multiprofessional healthcare team on quality and safety of patients’ drug therapy, and to study the frequency and nature of medication history errors on admission to hospital.Methods: A model for clinical pharmacy services within a multiprofessional healthcare team (the Lund Integrated Medicines Management model, LIMM) was introduced in three hospital wards. On admission of patients to hospital, clinical pharmacists conducted medication reconciliation (i.e. identified the most accurate list of a patient’s current medications) to identify any errors in the hospital medication list. To identify, solve and prevent any other drug-related problems, the clinical pharmacists interviewed patients and performed medication reviews and monitoring of drug therapy. Drug-related problems were discussed within the multiprofessional team and the physicians adjusted the drug therapy as appropriate.Results: On admission to hospital, drug-related problems, such as low adherence to drug therapy and concerns about treatment, were identified. Different statistical approaches to present results from ordinal data on adherence and beliefs about medicines were suggested. Approximately half of the patients were affected by errors in the medication history at admission to hospital; patients who had many prescription drugs had a higher risk for errors. Medication reconciliation and review reduced the number of inappropriate medications and reduced drug-related hospital revisits. No impact on all-cause hospital revisits was demonstrated.Conclusion: Patients admitted to hospital are at high risk for being affected by medication history errors and there is a high potential to improve their drug therapy. By reducing medication history errors and improving medication appropriateness, clinical pharmacy services within a multiprofessional healthcare team improve the quality and safety of patients’ drug therapy. The impact of routine implementation of medication reconciliation and review on healthcare visits will need further evaluation; the results from this thesis suggest that drug-related hospital revisits could be reduced.
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| 6. |
- Hellström, Lina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Errors in medication history at hospital admission: prevalence and predicting factors
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Clinical Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6904. ; 12, s. Article ID: 9-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An accurate medication list at hospital admission is essential for the evaluation and further treatment of patients. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency, type and predictors of errors in medication history, and to evaluate the extent to which standard care corrects these errors.Methods:A descriptive study was carried out in two medical wards in a Swedish hospital using Lund Integrated Medicines Management (LIMM)-based medication reconciliation. A clinical pharmacist identified each patient's most accurate pre-admission medication list by conducting a medication reconciliation process shortly after admission. This list was then compared with the patient's medication list in the hospital medical records. Addition or withdrawal of a drug or changes to the dose or dosage form in the hospital medication list were considered medication discrepancies. Medication discrepancies for which no clinical reason could be identified (unintentional changes) were considered medication history errors.Results: The final study population comprised 670 of 818 eligible patients. At least one medication history error was identified by pharmacists conducting medication reconciliations for 313 of these patients (47%; 95% CI 43-51%). The most common medication error was an omitted drug, followed by a wrong dose. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a higher number of drugs at admission (odds ratio [OR] per 1 drug increase = 1.10; 95% CI 1.06 - 1.14; p<0.0001) and the patient living in their own home without any care services (OR1.58; 95% CI 1.02 - 2.45; p = 0.042) were predictors for medication history errors at admission. The results further indicated that standard care by non-pharmacist ward staff had partly corrected the errors in affected patients by four days after admission, but a considerable proportion of the errors made in the initial medication history at admission remained undetected by standard care (OR for medication errors detected by pharmacists' medication reconciliation carried out on days 4 - 11 compared to days 0 - 1 = 0.52; 95% CI 0.30 - 0.91; p = 0.021).Conclusions: Clinical pharmacists conducting LIMM-based medication reconciliations have a high potential for correcting errors in medication history for all patients. In an older Swedish population, those prescribed many drugs seem to benefit most from admission medication reconciliation.
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| 7. |
- Hellström, Lina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the Lund Integrated Medicines Management model on medication appropriateness
- 2011
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Ingår i: 39th ESCP European symposium on clinical pharmacy & 13th SFPC congress: clinical pharmacy at the front line of innovations. 21–23 October 2010, Lyon, France. - : Springer.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Inappropriate prescribing among elderly patients may increase the risk for drug-related problems. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the Lund Integrated Medicines Management (LIMM) model on medication appropriateness in hospitalised patients. Materials & Methods A prospective controlled study of 210 elderly patients, from three internal medicine wards in a Swedish hospital. We compared patients receiving Medication Reviews, including Admission Medication Reconciliation, according to the LIMM-model, with patients receiving standard care. The LIMMmodel was implemented at one ward at a time between January 2007 and March 2008. We chose four dates for inclusion of patients during this period, one date before implementation and three dates about one month after implementation on the first, second and third ward, respectively. All patients who were staying at any of the wards on these dates were eligible for inclusion. The main outcome measure was the change, from admission to discharge, in the number of drugs with at least one inappropriate rating, according to the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI). The MAI consists of 10 criteria: indication, effectiveness, dosage, correct directions, practical directions, drug-drug interactions, drug-disease interactions, duplication, duration and expense. For intervention patients, the MAI assessment at discharge was performed in two steps. Step 1, which was a blinded assessment based on information in the patient’s medical record, was used in the main analysis. In step 2, the drugs were reassessed (unblinded), by adding information from the pharmacists’ Medication Review Forms that had not been documented in the medical records. Results The control and intervention group were similar regarding baseline demographic data. The mean number of drugs with at least one inappropriate rating decreased from 3.0 at admission to 1.5 at discharge in the intervention group, and from 2.8 to 1.7 in the control group. This represented a 51% (95% CI, 43-58%) decrease in the intervention group (step 1 assessment), compared to a 39% (95% CI, 30-48%) decrease in the control group (p = 0.0446, Poisson regression). In the assessment step 2, the MAI rating was changed from ‘inappropriate’ to ‘appropriate’ in 23% of the drugs (27/117). The mean decrease per patient between step 1 and 2 in number of drugs with at least one inappropriate rating was 0.38 (95% CI 0.22–0.54). In both control and intervention patients the most common MAI problems involved ‘expense’, ‘indication’ and ‘duration’. Discussion & Conclusion This study showed that medication appropriateness at discharge from hospital improved in patients receiving Medication Reviews and Reconciliation, according to the LIMM-model. In order to take full advantage of the work done by the clinical pharmacists, the information documented in the Medication Review Forms should also be documented in the medical records.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hellström, Lina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Physicians' attitudes towards ePrescribing : evaluation of a Swedish full-scale implementation
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6947. ; 9:August, s. Article number: 37-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The penetration rate of Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems in health care is increasing. However, many different EHR-systems are used with varying ePrescription designs and functionalities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate experienced ePrescribers' attitudes towards ePrescribing for suggesting improvements. METHODS: Physicians (n = 431) from seven out of the 21 Swedish health care regions, using one of the six most widely implemented EHR-systems with integrated electronic prescribing modules, were recruited from primary care centers and hospital clinics of internal medicine, orthopaedics and surgery. The physicians received a web survey that comprised eight questions on background data and 19 items covering attitudes towards ePrescribing. Forty-two percent (n = 199) of the physicians answered the questionnaire; 90% (n = 180) of the respondents met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. RESULTS: A majority of the respondents regarded their EHR-system easy to use in general (81%), and for the prescribing of drugs (88%). Most respondents believed they were able to provide the patients better service by ePrescribing (92%), and regarded ePrescriptions to be time saving (91%) and to be safer (83%), compared to handwritten prescriptions. Some of the most frequently reported weaknesses were: not clearly displayed price of drugs (43%), complicated drug choice (21%), and the perception that it was possible to handle more than one patient at a time when ePrescribing (13%). Moreover, 62% reported a lack of receipt from the pharmacy after successful transmission of an ePrescription. Although a majority (73%) of the physicians reported that they were always or often checking the ePrescription a last time before transmitting, 25% declared that they were seldom or never doing a last check. The respondents suggested a number of improvements, among others, to simplify the drug choice and the cancellation of ePrescriptions. CONCLUSION: The Swedish physicians in the group studied were generally satisfied with their specific EHR-system and with ePrescribing as such. However, identified weaknesses warrant improvements of the EHR-systems as well as of their implementation in the individual health care organisation.
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