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- Alsanius, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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The power of light from a non-phototrophic perspective: a phyllosphere dilemma
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Photobiology. - 2813-8228. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants and crop stands are considered holobionts, colonized by both autotrophic and by non-phototrophic heterotrophic microbiota. The dilemma in the exisiting body of studies is that the focus is primarily directed towards environmental specificties relevant for phototrophic organisms (predominantly plants), but does not take into account non-phototrophs. By definition, non-phototrophic heterotrophic bacteria do not use light as an energy source. Light energy and wavelength are rather used as a signal that can provoke shifts in both their metabolism and microbial lifestyle. Reaction and recovery time can vary between organisms and is dependent on the organism’s physiological stage. The length of the lighting event affects the energy an organism is exposed to. We argue that to obtain a deeper and more distinct understanding of light exposure (irradiance, exposure length), quantity (light intensity), and quality (wavelength/spectral distribution, bandwidth at full-width half-maximum) related mechanisms on non-phototrophic bacteria in the phyllosphere, the light environment needs to be further strictly characterized. This includes information on the actual energy hitting planktonic or sessile non-phototrophic bacteria resident on and inside plants aboveground. Mapping the light environment in ecosystems aids in unraveling light-phyllosphere interactions and strengthens their transdisciplinary character. This issue is fundamental in order to revisit and repeat others’ experimental approaches and findings but also to be able to translate findings into further action.
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| 4. |
- Alsanius, Beatrix, et al.
(författare)
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The two sides of the coin: sustainability and controlled environment horticulture
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; , s. 427-438
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainability, although already outlined in the late 1980s, has evolved into a game changer in the discourse of production systems. This review puts a finger on the pulse of horticultural research with respect to i) the 17 UN sustainable development goals (SDGs) and identifies areas (targets) directly or indirectly providing benefits and trade-offs based on scrutiny of 169 targets and to ii) grouping outputs of a systematic literature search with respect to basic sustainability and resilience criteria. Direct and indirect benefits of the SDGs to horticulture were identified within SDG 2 (Zero hunger), 3 (Health and wellbeing), 4 (Quality education), 6 (Clean water and sanitation), 7 (Clean energy) and 9 (Innovation, infrastructure and industry), whereas SDGs that benefit from horticulture within the SDGs 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 (Responsible consumption and production) and 13 (Climate action). 104 publications were extracted and 53 of these were found eligible for the systematic literature analysis based on the criteria for exclusion and inclusion. Few publications considered the concept of resilience, in terms of absorbance, recovery and adaptation to disturbances. Meanwhile, the majority of publications focused on sustainability, but rather referred to the term than integrated sustainability as a concept. Studies involving life cycle analysis highlight the strong energy dependence of high-tech horticulture, underlining the interactivities with SDG7. Fine-tuning of input means and measures were prioritized to the detriment of holistic approaches. The shift in the global challenges framework requests a shift in perspective of horticulture research. To holistically focus on the food system-horticulture-SDG link, an agenda for research on high-tech horticulture was established. Current pandemic and geopolitical disturbances urge for a stronger engagement of resilience research in horticulture.
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- Hellström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial light quality changes colonization ability of biocontrol agents under greenhouse conditions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Horticulturae. - 0567-7572 .- 2406-6168. ; , s. 299-306
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated pest control measures are important in order to cope with fungal foliar pathogens in greenhouse settings. Biocontrol agents (BCA) play an important role in this context, but disease control results obtained in laboratory experiments cannot always be repeated in larger greenhouse settings. Impaired dispersal and establishment of BCAs on leaves and sites of action may be among the causes for failing efficacy. We studied the role of basic mechanisms for BCAs’ efficacy under greenhouse conditions, namely dispersal and establishment. In the first experiment three BCAs from three commercial products were applied by foliar spray to greenhouse-grown tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and begonias (Begonia × hiemalis). Leaves were harvested according to a pre-determined time schedule and the viable BCA cells were quantified by plate count. In the second experiment tomatoes were sprayed and exposed to an array of wavelengths (full spectrum, 420, 530 and 660 nm) and followed during 48 h post inoculation (hpi). We found that the BCAs lifestyle choices varied depending on light quality and target crop. These appear to be decisive parameters for BCA dispersal and establishment on leaves.
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- Hellström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Bekämpning i nytt ljus
- 2021
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Ingår i: Viola. - 0042-6407. ; 2021, s. 12-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Hellström Reimer, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transformative Parks
- 2016
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Ingår i: Paisea. - : Paisea revista S.L. - 1887-2557. ; :032, s. 2-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This article is a collaborative work focused on the critical question of whether new types of contemporary public parks can emerge from designers’ engagement with dynamic processes. Rather than giving prominence to the exclusive use of stable patterns of landform and vegetation that largely have characterized past parks, we are interested in the lessons learned from practices trying to conflate theories of aesthetic experience with ecosystem dynamics in order to influence urban trends and climate change. Our compilation of texts highlights questions and recognizes scenarios of conflict and opportunity. We describe places and sites where a temporal dimension accentuates or dramatizes socio-material sensitivities, and where a dynamic condition generates more or less informal commons and wildlands, or in other words, emergent parks taking into consideration the limits of human control.
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| 8. |
- Hortensius, Lisa M., et al.
(författare)
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Serum docosahexaenoic acid levels are associated with brain volumes in extremely preterm born infants
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 90:6, s. 1177-1185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) are important for fetal brain growth and development. Our aim was to evaluate the association between serum DHA and AA levels and brain volumes in extremely preterm infants. Methods: Infants born at <28 weeks gestational age in 2013–2015, a cohort derived from a randomized controlled trial comparing two types of parenteral lipid emulsions, were included (n = 90). Serum DHA and AA levels were measured at postnatal days 1, 7, 14, and 28, and the area under the curve was calculated. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed at term-equivalent age (n = 66), and volumes of six brain regions were automatically generated. Results: After MR image quality assessment and area under the curve calculation, 48 infants were included (gestational age mean [SD] 25.5 [1.4] weeks). DHA levels were positively associated with total brain (B = 7.966, p = 0.012), cortical gray matter (B = 3.653, p = 0.036), deep gray matter (B = 0.439, p = 0.014), cerebellar (B = 0.932, p = 0.003), and white matter volume (B = 3.373, p = 0.022). AA levels showed no association with brain volumes. Conclusions: Serum DHA levels during the first 28 postnatal days were positively associated with volumes of several brain structures in extremely preterm infants at term-equivalent age. Impact: Higher serum levels of DHA in the first 28 postnatal days are positively associated with brain volumes at term-equivalent age in extremely preterm born infants.Especially the most immature infants suffer from low DHA levels in the first 28 postnatal days, with little increase over time.Future research is needed to explore whether postnatal fatty acid supplementation can improve brain development and may serve as a nutritional preventive and therapeutic treatment option in extremely preterm infants.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The power of light: Impact on the performance of biocontrol agents under minimal nutrient conditions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe spectral distribution of light (different wavelength) has recently been identified as an important factor in the dynamics and function of leaf-associated microbes. This study investigated the impact of different wavelength on three commercial biocontrol agents (BCA): Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA), Pseudomonas chlororaphis (PC), and Streptomyces griseoviridis (SG). MethodsThe impact of light exposure on sole carbon source utilization, biofilm formation, and biosurfactant production by the selected BCA was studied using phenotypic microarray (PM) including 190 sole carbon sources (OmniLog (R), PM panels 1 and 2). The BCA were exposed to five monochromatic light conditions (420, 460, 530, 630, and 660 nm) and darkness during incubation, at an intensity of 50 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). ResultsLight exposure together with specific carbon source increased respiration in all three BCA. Different wavelengths of light influenced sole carbon utilization for the different BCA, with BA and PC showing increased respiration when exposed to wavelengths within the blue spectrum (420 and 460 nm) while respiration of selected carbon sources by SG increased in the presence of red light (630 and 660 nm). Only one carbon source (capric acid) generated biosurfactant production in all three BCA. A combination of specific wavelength of light and sole carbon source increased biofilm formation in all three BCA. BA showed significantly higher biofilm formation when exposed to blue (460 nm) and green (530 nm) light and propagated in D-sucrose, D-fructose, and dulcitol. PC showed higher biofilm formation when exposed to blue light. Biofilm formation by SG increased when exposed to red light (630 nm) and propagated in citraconic acid. ConclusionTo increase attachment and success in BCA introduced into the phyllosphere, a suitable combination of light quality and nutrient conditions could be used.
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| 10. |
- May, Anne M., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of non- response to a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the EPIC-PANACEA study
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Research Methodology. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2288. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This paper discusses whether baseline demographic, socio-economic, health variables, length of follow-up and method of contacting the participants predict non-response to the invitation for a second assessment of lifestyle factors and body weight in the European multi-center EPIC-PANACEA study. Methods: Over 500.000 participants from several centers in ten European countries recruited between 1992 and 2000 were contacted 2-11 years later to update data on lifestyle and body weight. Length of follow-up as well as the method of approaching differed between the collaborating study centers. Non-responders were compared with responders using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Overall response for the second assessment was high (81.6%). Compared to postal surveys, centers where the participants completed the questionnaire by phone attained a higher response. Response was also high in centers with a short follow-up period. Non-response was higher in participants who were male (odds ratio 1.09 (confidence interval 1.07; 1.11), aged under 40 years (1.96 (1.90; 2.02), living alone (1.40 (1.37; 1.43), less educated (1.35 (1.12; 1.19), of poorer health (1.33 (1.27; 1.39), reporting an unhealthy lifestyle and who had either a low (<18.5 kg/m2, 1.16 (1.09; 1.23)) or a high BMI (>25, 1.08 (1.06; 1.10); especially >= 30 kg/m2, 1.26 (1.23; 1.29)). Conclusions: Cohort studies may enhance cohort maintenance by paying particular attention to the subgroups that are most unlikely to respond and by an active recruitment strategy using telephone interviews.
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