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- Nystrom, K., et al.
(författare)
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Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase enhances the effect of ribavirin on hepatitis C virus cell culture infection
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Hepatology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0168-8278 .- 1600-0641. ; 66:1, s. S321-S321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variants of the inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase gene (ITPA), resulting in decreased enzymatic activity of the corresponding enzyme, ITPase, are known to correlate with a decreased risk of ribavirin-induced anemia, but are also associated with an increased SVR in patients treated with peginterferon-alpha and ribavirin. As both ITPase and ribavirin are involved in the nucleotide salvage pathway and reduced risk of relapse after treatment of hepatitis C, we have investigated the effect of ITPase activity and ribavirin treatment of HCVcc infection of hepatocytes
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| 5. |
- Aglago, Elom K., et al.
(författare)
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Consumption of Fish and Long-chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Large European Cohort
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 18:3, s. 6-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aims: There is an unclear association between intake of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) and colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined the association between fish consumption, dietary and circulating levels of n-3 LC-PUFAs, and ratio of n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA with CRC using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Methods: Dietary intake of fish (total, fatty/oily, lean/white) and n-3 LC-PUFA were estimated by food frequency questionnaires given to 521,324 participants in the EPIC study; among these, 6291 individuals developed CRC (median follow up, 14.9 years). Levels of phospholipid LC-PUFA were measured by gas chromatography in plasma samples from a sub-group of 461 CRC cases and 461 matched individuals without CRC (controls). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards and conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs), respectively, with 95% CIs. Results: Total intake of fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80–0.96; Ptrend = .005), fatty fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82–0.98; Ptrend = .009), and lean fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83–1.00; Ptrend = .016) were inversely associated with CRC incidence. Intake of total n-3 LC-PUFA (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78–0.95; Ptrend = .010) was also associated with reduced risk of CRC, whereas dietary ratio of n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA was associated with increased risk of CRC (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18–1.45; Ptrend < .001). Plasma levels of phospholipid n-3 LC-PUFA was not associated with overall CRC risk, but an inverse trend was observed for proximal compared with distal colon cancer (Pheterogeneity = .026). Conclusions: In an analysis of dietary patterns of participants in the EPIC study, we found regular consumption of fish, at recommended levels, to be associated with a lower risk of CRC, possibly through exposure to n-3 LC-PUFA. Levels of n-3 LC-PUFA in plasma were not associated with CRC risk, but there may be differences in risk at different regions of the colon.
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| 6. |
- Alsiö, Åsa, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Early quantification of HCV core antigen may help to determine the duration of therapy for chronic genotype 2 or 3 HCV infection
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 31:7, s. 1631-1635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen (coreAg) assessment for the identification of candidates for short-term therapy. Plasma samples from HCV genotype 2 or 3-infected patients participating in the NORDynamIC trial (n = 382) comparing 12 and 24 weeks of combination treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha 2a and a fixed dose of 800 mg ribavirin daily were analyzed for coreAg. Among the 126 patients (33% of the intention-to-treat population) achieving HCV coreAg levels in plasma below 0.2 pg/mL when assayed on treatment day 3, sustained viral response (SVR) rates of 86% and 84% were achieved in the 12- and 24-week arms, respectively. Similarly, among patients having received at least 80% of the target dose of both pegylated interferon alpha-2a and of ribavirin for at least 80% of the target treatment duration (per-protocol analysis), the SVR rates were 89% and 95%, respectively. Twelve weeks of combination treatment may be sufficient for genotype 2 or 3-infected patients achieving HCV coreAg levels below 0.2 pg/mL by day 3, signaling a rapid clearance of HCV viremia.
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| 8. |
- Bjarnadóttir, Thóra K., et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive repertoire and phylogenetic analysis of the G-protein-coupled receptors in human and mouse
- 2006
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 88:3, s. 263-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding differences in the repertoire of orthologous gene pairs is vital for interpretation of pharmacological and physiological experiments if conclusions are conveyed between species. Here we present a comprehensive dataset for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in both human and mouse with a phylogenetic road map. We performed systematic searches applying several search tools such as BLAST, BLAT, and Hidden Markov models and searches in literature data. We aimed to gather a full-length version of each human or mouse GPCR in only one copy referring to a single chromosomal position. Moreover, we performed detailed phylogenetic analysis of the transmembrane regions of the receptors to establish accurate orthologous pairs. The results show the identity of 495 mouse and 400 human functional nonolfactory GPCRs. Overall, 329 of the receptors are found in one-to-one orthologous pairs, while 119 mouse and 31 human receptors originate from species-specific expansions or deletions. The average percentage similarity of the orthologue pairs is 85%, while it varies between the main GRAFS families from an average of 59 to 94%. The orthologous pairs for the lipid-binding GPCRs had the lowest levels of conservation, while the biogenic amines had highest levels of conservation. Moreover, we searched for expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and identified more than 17,000 ESTs matching GPCRs in mouse and human, providing information about their expression patterns. On the whole, this is the most comprehensive study of the gene repertoire that codes for human and mouse GPCRs. The datasets are available for downloading.
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| 10. |
- Hansson, Markus, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Histamine protects T cells and natural killer cells against oxidative stress.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research. - 1079-9907. ; 19:10, s. 1135-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxidative stress inflicted by monocytes/macrophages (MO) is recognized as an important immunosuppressive mechanism in human neoplastic disease. We report that two types of lymphocytes of relevance for protection against malignant cells, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, became anergic to the T cell and NK cell activator interleukin-2 (IL-2) after exposure to MO-derived reactive oxygen metabolites and subsequently acquired features characteristic of apoptosis. The MO-induced anergy and apoptosis in T cells and NK cells were reversed by histamine, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen metabolite synthesis in MO. We propose that strategies to circumvent oxidative inhibition of lymphocytes may be of benefit in immunotherapy of neoplastic disease.
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