| 1. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Policy Instruments towards a sustainable waste management
- 2016
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Ingår i: Solid waste management: Policy and planning for a sustainable society. - : Apple Academic Press. - 9781771883740 - 9780429091650 ; , s. 185-246, s. 185-246
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Henriksson, Malin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday mobility and citizenship: a living lab approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Urban, Planning and Transport Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2165-0020. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of a living lab that aimed to reduce everyday car use, citizens in a newly established semi-urban residential area in Sweden were asked to travel less by car, try mobility and accessibility services, and to reason about travelling and their own role in a future sustainable transport system. By analysing the participants’ written reports about mobility practices and mobility citizenship, collected through a living lab app, the paper explores links between everyday mobility and mobility citizenship. The analysis, which is based on theories on citizenship and mobility and social practice theory, shows that the participants’ reports provided context-specific knowledge regarding everyday mobility and citizenship. The participants expressed both knowledge about and engagement in their local environment. This opens new ways to understand, explore and make use of mobility citizenship, in research and in practice.
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| 3. |
- Högström, Ebba, et al.
(författare)
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Performing Sustainability : Institutions, Inertia, and the Practices of Everyday Life
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sustainable Stockholm<em></em>. - New York and London : Routledge. ; , s. 147-167
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WHEN DAGENS NYHETER, Sweden’s biggest newspaper, reported that a Stockholm urban development project planned to educate future residents about how to live an environmentally sound and healthy everyday life, the article caused an upsurge of protest and debate. The project under discussion was the Stockholm Royal Seaport, a high-profile sustainable urban redevelopment project and the new flagship in Sweden’s and Stockholm’s green-tech armada. To many, the project represented an unwanted revival of the social engineering type of public health promotional programs popular in Sweden during the 1930s and 1940s.1 Others went so far as to deride the project as an example of “eco-fascism.” However, at the very same time as debate onthe return of social engineering raged, the glass and steel building GlashusEtt (Glass House One) continued its practice of educating and promoting sustainable lifestyles, as it had been doing for 11 years. GlashusEtt is the environmental information center of the Hammarby Sjöstad project, a renowned example of sustainable urban development which attracts study delegations from all over the world. The mission of GlashusEtt is to educate the neighborhood’s inhabitants and visitors on environmental matters; in comparison to the Royal Seaport project, this mission was accepted without protest or questioning. Indeed, the Hammarby Sjöstad project had also seen its share of conflicts regarding environmental measures, but here these took the shape of power struggles over issues such as the number of parking spaces, the placement of windows, and the preservation of an endangered beetle.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Fredrik, 1979-
(författare)
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A Shift in Urban Mobility and Parking? : Exploring Policies in Relation to Practices
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The transport sector is associated with many environmental challenges, including carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Research indicate that CO2 emissions should decrease by at least 50 % per decade in order to be in line with the Paris Agreement, and the transport sector is highlighted as a particularly challenging sector. Sweden, which is the case study in this thesis, has a goal of reducing CO2 emissions from the transport sector with 70 % between 2010 and 2030. This target is, however, not likely to be met if current trends continue. New technology will probably not be enough to reach the target, and car ownership and car travel will probably also have to decrease. Furthermore, many households do not have access to cars, and do not benefit from policies that facilitate car use and car ownership. The purpose of this thesis is to critically analyse policy measures on parking and mobility in metropolitan areas in Sweden with the aim of being in line with the CO2 emission goals set by the Paris Agreement, as well as investigating how the aims of the Paris Agreement can be met with a backcasting study. All studied policy measures highlight the need to shift focus from physical infrastructure to accessibility. In each case, however, current practices and conditions render a transition more difficult. The first paper in the thesis studies the Swedish Transport Administration (STA) mandate to finance different measures. The STA states the importance of reducing the need to travel and making more efficient use of existing infrastructure, and stipulates that these types of measures should be considered before new infrastructure investments. However, the STA has a limited mandate to finance measures with the aim of reducing the need to travel, which results in ambiguous signals to, and frustration among, regional STA officials. This paper demonstrates that making the STA’s mandate more function-oriented would facilitate a transition in line with the sustainable mobility paradigm.The second policy measure discussed in this thesis is the shift from minimum parking requirements, where developers are obliged to build a minimum number of parking spaces in order to obtain a building permit, to flexible parking requirements, where the number of parking spaces provided depends on the local context, and where other mobility services may replace the need for parking. The second paper in this thesis follows two blocks of flats built with flexible parking requirements. Car ownership has decreased in both blocks of flats, and car use has decreased in one of the blocks of flats. Furthermore, car sharing membership and use have increased considerably. However, the process of leaving a car dependent social practice is slow and the conditions (e.g. the technology; and ways of finding, booking, and paying for services) need to be relatively stable for the practice to grow. Other policies may also be needed for emerging social practices to grow. Some of these policies have been implemented in Stockholm (e.g. congestion charges, on-street parking fees, extension of public transport and bicycle infrastructure). However, there is also a trend in the opposite direction; such as new urban highways. Future interventions could be made open to residents in adjacent properties, if more people are to be attracted to the mobility services. The third paper in this thesis discusses the feasibility of using a new parking management tool; “Parking Benefit Districts”, in a European context (Stockholm, Sweden). In a Parking Benefit Districts program, on-street parking charges are implemented, increased or extended, and the resulting revenues are returned to the areas where the charges were imposed. Citizens, or other stakeholders, then participate in deciding how to use these revenues. The underlying intention is to increase acceptance of parking charges, as on-street parking charges may be considered necessary by city planners but are unpopular among citizens and other stakeholders. This thesis shows that there are no legal barriers to implementing a Parking Benefit District programme in Sweden, but there are some limitations as to how revenues can be used. Moreover, Sweden does not have this planning tradition and the programme may not be perceived as legitimate. Another important issue is equity and participation, e.g. it is important to consider who to include and how to include them.The fourth paper is a target-oriented backcasting study. The paper depicts a future image for parking and mobility for the city of Stockholm that is in line with the CO2 emission goals in the Paris Agreement, and then examines how to plan for parking and mobility in order to steer towards this future image. The paper points out that current parking standards (the flexible parking standard discussed in Paper II) is far from being in line with the Paris Agreement, and emphasizes the necessity of a different planning approach. The paper also presents a path of development thought to be in line with the Paris Agreement.
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| 5. |
- Apelmo, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Kan stadsbors användning av IT bidra till ett hållbart samhälle? : En kunskapsöversikt.
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report deals with everyday habits with environmental impacts in relation to the use of information and communication technology (ICT, colloquially referred to as IT).We raise issues related to a) how environmentally promising and problematic ‘ICT-practices’ in urban everyday life can be identified and b) how the potential for such practices to be transformed through the use of ICT can be assessed, and ultimately utilized, in the context of sustainable urban development.These issues we have addressed through reviewing case studies, reports etc. Case study examples showed how ICT is used, e.g. to streamline and inform, or to share resources, vehicles and other products.We discussed how it might be possible, from an environmental sociology perspective, to assess when and how ICT might serve as an enabling technology that enhances or replaces previous patterns of action. We also briefly included, and discussed, phenomena defined from more general sustainability science point of view, e.g. substitution, induction and rebound effects.An important starting point was that social structures both enable and limit specific patterns of action. The structures can only be said to exist, or be maintained, by people's actions and through their experience. Change occurs as a result of the dynamics between people's actions and the structures created by past actions. Social practices are constantly being reproduced, with additions of new elements, e g when ICT applications are put to new uses. Then patterns of social relations and systems might also change, for example in how we use energy, travel, consume or socialize during both work and leisure time.Our review indicates that the knowledge that partners of Centre for Sustainable Communications (CESC) currently have access to, is fragmented and with a bias towards certain types of sectors, and patterns of action. Environmentally promising practices are more researched than problematic ones. Furthermore, use of ICTs for e.g. commuting and monitoring household energy use is more researched than most other patterns of action involving use of ICTs. Research on e.g. leisure and entertainment in relation to the environment is very much absent from today’s body of knowledge (as it is defined and delimited in this report).As for how everyday practices might change towards increased environmental sustainability by the use of ICT, we have found the knowledge situation even more incomplete. This shows, however, that it is worthwhile for CESC researchers and partners to carry on searching and developing knowledge regarding this.Regarding what should be viewed as more promising respectively more problematic urban patterns of action, we have to some extent illuminated this by exemplifying international environmental sociological research that is useful for discussing social practices in relation to environmental impacts. We have exemplified how this can shed light on some of the case studies we found among the CESC researchers and partners. Based on environmental sociology we discussed in what ways city dwellers with high income account for the most environmentally problematic practices. Correspondingly, we discussed how inhabitants with low income – out of necessity–account for many promising practices. In relation to this we also briefly discussed how rebound effects should be seen as related to socio-economic position.Another kind of problematic aspect highlighted is that players responsible for introducing, trying out etc., new ICTs, seem to have a tendency to do this in own networks or among the urban middle class. This is problematic from a democratic point of view. In 2012, 1.2 million people in Sweden did very rarely, or not at all, use the internet in their homes. Detailed knowledge about this group's ICT related practices seems to be largely missing. If representatives for these groups are not represented in environmental research there is a danger that they also become less visible in public debate of environmental and ICT issues.This means that different social positions imply different opportunities and constraints. What patterns of actions people take more or less part in is influenced by social structures, norms and regulations, the historical and the immediate context, but also by the individuals' previous experiences and knowledge. The understanding of how a change towards a more sustainable society could come about through use of ICT therefore requires knowledge of practices among the full socio-demographic range of city dwellers.
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| 6. |
- Börjesson Rivera, Miriam, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Lådcyklar och bilfria vardagsliv
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att skapa en miljömässigt hållbar stad behöver människorna i den ha anledning och möjlighet att anpassa sina vardagliga vanor i linje med stadens hållbara utveckling. I denna rapport behandlas vanor i form av vardagliga resor och transporter, t ex inköp av dagligvaror. Mer specifikt har undersökts hur tillgång till ett lådcykelsystem skulle kunna bidra till möjligheter att leva bilfria liv. Studien ingick som del av det större projektet Innovativ Parkering för klimatsmarta städer. De boende i en bostadsrättsförening i Bagarmossen, en av Stockholms södra förorter, fick tillgång till en lådcykelpool, d v s tre så kallade lådcyklar (lastcyklar med tre hjul och stor låda) som de fick boka och använda som de ville april-november 2013. Vi frågade oss på vilket sätt tillgången till lådcykelpoolen påverkade de boendes rese- och transportvanor i vardagen.Den kvantitativa delen av studien visade att nästan 20 % av hushållen bokade cyklarna en eller fler gånger och 5 % av hushållen använde cyklarna 10 gånger eller fler under försökets period. Gemensamt för de som använt cyklarna flitigt har, enligt de kvalitativa intervjuerna, varit en vilja att leva ett bilfritt vardagsliv samt att man hade flera olika slags transportbehov. Lådcyklarna har använts till utflykter och ärenden, det vill säga både nöjes- och nyttoresor.Bland förutsättningarna för lådcykelförsökets framgång fann vi en positiv inställning till lådcykelpoolen i föreningen – även bland medlemmar som inte själva använde lådcyklarna. Vi fann också goda fysiska förutsättningar för cykling i Bagarmossen med omnejd samt att föreningen valt att bygga vidare på redan existerande praktiker vad gäller bokningsförfarande. Därutöver resonerar vi kring att lådcykelförsöket kunde varit än mer lyckosamt om även ansvarsfördelningen för cykelunderhållet samt informationsspridning och instruktion byggt vidare på föreningens redan inarbetade praktiker med särskilda arbetsgrupper. Kopplat till detta visade sig också viktiga frågor vara en noggrann och konsekvent introduktion av lådcyklarna samt att lådcyklarna står på ett synligt ställe för de presumtiva användarna.Lådcykelanvändning kanske inte är för alla boende och ej heller i alla situationer, men vi tror att om ovan nämnda lärdomar beaktas så är chanserna att en mobilitetstjänst som en lådcykelpool, når en optimal användningsgrad.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Policy instruments towards a sustainable waste management
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 5:3, s. 841-881
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to suggest and discuss policy instruments that could lead towards a more sustainable waste management. The paper is based on evaluations from a large scale multi-disciplinary Swedish research program. The evaluations focus on environmental and economic impacts as well as social acceptance. The focus is on the Swedish waste management system but the results should be relevant also for other countries. Through the assessments and lessons learned during the research program we conclude that several policy instruments can be effective and possible to implement. Particularly, we put forward the following policy instruments: “Information”; “Compulsory recycling of recyclable materials”; “Weight-based waste fee in combination with information and developed recycling systems”; “Mandatory labeling of products containing hazardous chemicals”, “Advertisements on request only and other waste minimization measures”; and “Differentiated VAT and subsidies for some services”. Compulsory recycling of recyclable materials is the policy instrument that has the largest potential for decreasing the environmental impacts with the configurations studied here. The effects of the other policy instruments studied may be more limited and they typically need to be implemented in combination in order to have more significant impacts. Furthermore, policy makers need to take into account market and international aspects when implementing new instruments. In the more long term perspective, the above set of policy instruments may also need to be complemented with more transformational policy instruments that can significantly decrease the generation of waste.
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| 9. |
- Greger, Henriksson, 1963-
(författare)
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Bilfria barnfamiljer i närförort och innerstad
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bilder av framtidsstaden: Tid och rum för hållbar utveckling. - Eslöv : Symposion Brutus Östlings bokförlag. - 9789171397140
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
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