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- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Friberg, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Carath -ett verksamhetsinitierat kvalitetsregister och processtöd : Ger toraxkirurgin bra möjlighet att följa vårdprocessen
- 2011
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 108:26-28, s. 1365-1369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi redovisar här våra mångåriga erfarenheter av uppbyggnaden och implementeringen av ett IT-processtöd (Carath) för specialiserad vård, i detta fall toraxkirurgi. Kombinerade kvalitets- och processdata ur Carath har givit en unik möjlighet att följa för vårdprocessen relevanta nyckeltal. Sjukvårdsprocesser är komplexa. Bristande detaljkunskap om dessa eller underskattning av tidsåtgång för planering leder till fel i databasen, vilka kan vara svåra att korrigera i efterhand. Avsevärda resurser bör avsättas för att säkerställa en god validitet på data i ett kvalitetsregister. Komplexiteten i att koppla ihop t ex kvalitetsregister och datajournal med varandra på ett tillförlitligt vis ska inte underskattas.
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| 4. |
- Hentschel, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Investigations in the Processing of AISI H11 Powder Blends Enriched with Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticles for the Additive Manufacturing of Tailored Hot Working Tools in the Directed Energy Deposition (DED-LB/M)—Impact of Tungsten Carbide Nanoparticles on Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics
- 2024
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Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI. - 2075-4701. ; 14:2, s. 188-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the DED-LB/M process of AISI H11 tool steel powder blends modified by adding WC nanoparticles (WC-np) in concentrations of 1, 2.5 and 5 wt.-% was the object of scientific investigations. For this, 30-layer cuboid specimens were manufactured. The overall scientific aim was to examine how the WC-np interact with the steel melt and in the end, influence the processability, microstructure and mechanical properties of produced specimens. The examinations were carried out on both as-built and thermally post-processed specimens. An advanced microstructural analysis (SEM, EDS, EBSD and XRD) revealed that due to the high solubility of WC-np in the molten steel, most of the WC-np appear to have dissolved during the ongoing laser process. Furthermore, the WC-np favor a stronger distortion and finer grain size of martensite in the manufactured specimens. An increase in hardness from about 650 HV1 for the H11 specimen to 780 HV1 for the one manufactured using the powder blend containing 5 wt.-% of WC-np was observed in as-built conditions. In the same way, the compression yield strength enhanced from 1839 MPA to 2188 MPA. The hardness and strength increasing effect of WC-np remained unchanged even after heat treatments similar to those used in industry.
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| 6. |
- Åberg, Torkel, et al.
(författare)
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Improved total quality by monitoring of a cardiothoracic unit. Medical, administrative and economic data followed for 9 years.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press. - 1569-9293 .- 1569-9285. ; 3:1, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To describe monitoring of a cardio-thoracic department from a total quality aspect point of view and to follow the development over 9 years. During the time period 1994-2002 a total of 10,828 cardio-thoracic operations were performed. Capacity, demographic, risk, quality, outcome and economic data were prospectively collected in various registries and analysed. Mean (and median) age increased from 64.2 to 65.3 (66-67). Patients above 70 years increased from 33.6 to 38.7% and above 80 from 2.9 to 5.5%. Operative mortality was unchanged over the time periods at slightly over 2%, with 1-year mortality 6-7%. Mortality for primary, elective coronary artery bypass grafting was 0.26% during the last 3 years. The rate of postoperative complications remained unchanged or decreased with few exceptions: Patients with postoperative confusion increased from 5.0 to 8.1% and patients with a need for face mask ventilation increased from 2.4 to 4.0%. Mean postoperative ventilation time was unchanged at around 22 h, whereas the median decreased from 9.5 to 5.3 h. The workload created by elderly patients was especially noticeable in the intensive care unit (ICU) as both number of postoperative deviations and ICU hours increased as a function of age. Cost per operation decreased by 11%. Total medical rationalisation was higher as salaries increased over time. Mean length of stay decreased by 3 days. Hospital staff hours per operation decreased whereas hospital staff hours per patient hour increased. Physician cost per operation was unchanged. Patient, staff and referring physician satisfaction was high. Several areas for improvement have been found. Monitoring and general feedback of total quality factors has shown itself a powerful tool to detect and follow large and subtle changes in the practice of cardio-thoracic surgery. Most followed factors show improvement in spite of an increase in mean and median age. Several areas may be defined where further development might decrease the trauma to the patient. Aiming at a total quality and patient safety system, monitoring is an essential prerequisite.
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