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| 2. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Aerobic fitness in prepubertal children according to level of body fat
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 99:12, s. 1854-1860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between maximum oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK) and body fat in young children on a population-based level. Methods: Participants were 586 children (311 boys and 275 girls) aged 6.8 +/- 0.4 years, recruited from a population-based cohort. VO2PEAK was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal exercise test. Percent body fat (BF%) was estimated from skinfold measurements. Results: Significant relationships existed between BF% and absolute values of VO2PEAK (mL/min), VO2PEAK scaled by body weight (mL/min/kg) and VO2PEAK by allometric scaling (mL/min/kg(0.71)), whereas no relationships were detected for VO2PEAK scaled to fat-free mass (FFM) (mL/min/FFM). Person correlation coefficients for boys were 0.26, -0.38, -0.19 and -0.01 NS and for girls 0.33, -0.42, -0.21 and -0.03 NS, respectively. Significant differences in VO2PEAK existed between different quartiles of BF%, with the exception when VO2PEAK was scaled to FFM. Conclusion: Our findings document the coexistence of two known risk factors for disease at a young age on a population-base and confirms that VO2PEAK was scaled to FFM represents a body fat independent way of expressing fitness.
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| 3. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Objectively measured daily physical activity related to aerobic fitness in young children.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Sports Sciences. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-0414 .- 1466-447X. ; 28, s. 139-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate by direct measurement the cross-sectional relationship between accelerometer-measured physical activity and peak oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O(2peak): ml . min(-1) . kg(-1)), in a population-based cohort of young children, since such data are scarce. The study included 468 children (246 boys, 222 girls) aged 6.7 +/- 0.4 years, recruited from a population-based cohort. Peak oxygen uptake was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal treadmill exercise test. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometers over a 4-day period. Minutes of sedentary, light, moderate, moderate-to-vigorous, and vigorous activity per day were calculated. Mean counts per minute were considered to reflect total physical activity. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated a weak relationship between daily physical activity variables and [Vdot]O(2peak) in boys (r = 0.15-0.28, P < 0.05), with the exception of time in sedentary and light activity, which was not related to [Vdot]O(2peak). None of the daily physical activity variables were related to [Vdot]O(2peak) in girls, with the exception of a very weak relationship for moderate activity (r = 0.14, P < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses indicated that the various physical activity variables explained between 2 and 8% of the variance in [Vdot]O(2peak) in boys. In this population-based cohort, most daily activity variables were positively related to aerobic fitness in boys, whereas less clear relationships were observed in girls. Our finding that physical activity was only uniformly related to aerobic fitness in boys partly contradicts previous studies in older children and adolescents.
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| 4. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of VO(2)Peak in Children Age 6-to 7-Years-Old
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric Exercise Science. - 0899-8493. ; 23:1, s. 87-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the predictors of aerobic fitness (VO2PEAK) in young children on a population-base. Participants were 436 children (229 boys and 207 girls) aged 6.7 +/- 0.4 yrs. VO2PEAK was measured during a maximal treadmill exercise test. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometers. Total body fat and total fat free mass were estimated from skinfold measurements. Regression analyses indicated that significant predictors for VO2PEAK per kilogram body mass were total body fat, maximal heart rate, sex, and age. Physical activity explained an additional 4-7%. Further analyses showed the main contributing factors for absolute values of VO2PEAK were fat free mass, maximal heart rate, sex, and age. Physical activity explained an additional 3-6%.
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| 5. |
- Eroukhmanoff, Fabrice, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental evidence for ovarian hypofunction in sparrow hybrids
- 2016
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Ingår i: Avian Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 2053-7166. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundPostzygotic isolation in the form of reduced viability and/or fertility of hybrids may help maintain species boundaries in the face of interspecific gene flow. Past hybridization events between house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and Spanish sparrows (P. hispaniolensis) have given rise to a homoploid hybrid species, the Italian sparrow (P. italiae). Although genetic incompatibilities are known to isolate these three species, the biological consequences of these incompatibilities are still unknown in early generation hybrids.MethodsWe investigated whether F1 hybrids between house and Spanish sparrows experience reduced viability or fertility. More specifically, we generated hybrids through controlled crosses in aviaries, and compared ovaries of female hybrids with female of pure-species sparrows.ResultsWe found that overall, hybrid ovaries were underdeveloped and that half of all female hybrids exhibited symptoms of ovarian hypofunction (ovarian atrophy and complete absence of developed follicles).ConclusionsFertility in hybrids is a common consequence or post-zygotic barriers between species. We discuss these results in light of previous findings on genetic incompatibilities between the parent species and the potential role of incompatibilities in hybrid speciation, a rare evolutionary process in birds.
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| 6. |
- Fältström, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Athletes' perspectives on return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and their strategies to reduce reinjury risk: a qualitative interview study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC SPORTS SCIENCE MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION. - : BMC. - 2052-1847. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Insights derived from athletes who have completed the final phase of rehabilitation and successfully returned to their respective sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction could potentially contribute to the enhancement of therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore athletes' experiences, thoughts, and behaviours of final phase rehabilitation and return to sport after ACL reconstruction and to describe their thoughts about the risk of reinjury.Methods This qualitative interview study included individual semi-structured interviews with 15 athletes after ACL reconstruction. All athletes were aged between 15 and 35 years (median, 23 years), had returned to their preinjury contact sport at elite or recreational competitive level, rehabilitated with different physioterapists (working in hospital, primary care or sport clinics), and had undergone primary ACL reconstruction between 14 and 59 months (median, 23 months) before the interviews. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results Analysis of the data resulted in the following 4 main categories related to athletes' experiences of the return to sport process and their thoughts about the risk of reinjury: Athletes' strategies for safe return to sport; Support during rehabilitation and return to sport; The rehabilitation journey was worthwhile to be able to play again; and Reinjury is beyond one's control.Conclusions Athletes described strategies for a safe return to sport after ACL reconstruction, emphasizing continuous increased load, not forcing return to sport, injury prevention exercises, and seeking support from professionals and coaches. Despite loving their sport, the athletes had mixed feelings about undergoing additional rehabilitation if reinjured. The athletes recognized the high reinjury risk, attributing it to fate. These findings enhance understanding of athletes' return to sport experiences after ACL reconstruction, their strategies to minimize reinjury risk, which might help optimizing care for this patient group.
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| 7. |
- Hermansen, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparison Between the Carbon Fiber Cage and the Cloward Procedure in Cervical Spine Surgery A Ten- to Thirteen-Year Follow-Up of a Prospective Randomized Study
- 2011
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Ingår i: SPINE. - : J B Lippincott Co. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 36:12, s. 919-925
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. Ten- to 13-year follow-up of a prospective randomized study. Objective. To compare the 10- to 13-year outcomes of anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) with a cervical intervertebral fusion cage (CIFC), and the Cloward procedure (CP) using a broad clinical and patient-centered assessment. Summary of Background Data. There are few prospective studies and none with a follow-up of 10 years or more. Methods. Patient questionnaires completed 10 years or more after ACDF. Seventy-three patients (77%) responded. Radiographs were obtained at 2 years. Results. Apart from greater fulfillment of preoperative expectation (P = 0.01) and less headache (P = 0.005) in the CIFC group compared with the CP group, there were no significant differences in the outcomes of the two surgical methods. Pain intensity improved in comparison with preoperative levels in both the CIFC and CP groups (P andlt; 0.0001), but the Neck Disability Index (NDI) only improved in the CIFC group (P = 0.04). Only those with a healed fusion benefited from an improved NDI (P = 0.02). There was no deterioration in pain intensity or NDI after the 2-year follow-up. Conclusion. The outcomes of the two surgical methods, with a few exceptions, were equal at 10- to 13-year follow-up, and there was no deterioration in outcome after the 2-year follow-up. Pain intensity improved more than disability, which may indicate that further improvement of physical function requires early more extensive postoperative rehabilitation. Despite persisting disability, repeat surgery was relatively uncommon.
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| 8. |
- Hermansen, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A more than 20-year follow-up of pain and disability after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery for degenerative disc disease and comparisons between two surgical techniques
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BMC. - 1471-2474. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFollow-ups more than 20 years after neck surgery are extremely rare. No previous randomized studies have investigated differences in pain and disability more than 20 years after ACDF surgery using different techniques. The purpose of this study was to describe pain and functioning more than 20 years after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery, and to compare outcomes between the Cloward Procedure and the carbon fiber fusion cage (CIFC).MethodsThis study is a 20 to 24-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Questionnaires were sent to 64 individuals, at least 20 years after ACDF due to cervical radiculopathy. Fifty individuals (mean age 69, 60% women, 55% CIFC) completed questionnaires. Mean time since surgery was 22.4 years (range 20,5-24). Primary outcomes were neck pain and neck disability index (NDI). Secondary outcomes were frequency and intensity of neck and arm pain, headache, dizziness, self-efficacy, health related quality of life or global outcome. Clinically relevant improvements were defined as 30 mm decrease in pain and a decrease in disability of 20 percentage units. Between-group differences over time were analyzed with mixed design ANOVA and relationships between main outcomes and psychosocial factors were analyzed by Spearman s rho.ResultsNeck pain and NDI score significantly improved over time (p < .001), with no group differences in primary or secondary outcomes. Eighty-eight per cent of participants experienced improvements or full recovery, 71% (pain) and 41% (NDI) had clinically relevant improvements. Pain and NDI were correlated with lower self-efficacy and quality of life.ConclusionThe results from this study do not support the idea that fusion technique affects long-term outcome of ACDF. Pain and disability improved substantially over time, irrespective of surgical technique. However, the majority of participants reported residual disability not to a negligible extent. Pain and disability were correlated to lower self-efficacy and quality of life.
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| 9. |
- Hermansen, Anna, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Balance problems and dizziness after neck surgery–associations with pain and health-related quality of life
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Symptoms of dizziness or imbalance are often present in individuals with a variety of neck-disorders. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of patient-reported balance problems and dizziness 10–13years after surgery for cervical degenerative disc disease; evaluate associations with neck pain and health-related quality of life; and investigate how these individuals described dizziness. Material and methods: Sixty-eight individuals, 10years or more after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery, who previously participated in a randomized controlled trial were included. Participants completed questionnaires including ratings of dizziness and balance problems, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, and an open-ended question regarding their experience of dizziness. Secondary outcomes were neck pain and quality of life. Results: Seventy-two percent experienced occasional or daily symptoms of unsteadiness and/or dizziness. Intensity ratings for dizziness during movement and for balance problems were similar and rather low, but had an impact on quality of life. Ratings of dizziness at rest were even lower. Dizziness ratings were associated with neck pain. Strenuous activities were related to dizziness and dizziness was primarily described as intermittent and non-rotatory. Conclusions: Dizziness or balance problems in the long-term after surgery for cervical degenerative disc disease are common and have an impact on daily life. Ratings of problem frequency and intensity were usually low. Dizziness and balance problems may affect quality of life. Patients’ descriptions of these problems are in line with common symptoms of cervicogenic dizziness. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.
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| 10. |
- Hermansen, Anna
(författare)
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Clinical and patient-reported outcomes after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery : A focus on functioning and daily life
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF), with or without an intervertebral cage to add support to the fused segment, is an established surgical treatment of cervical radiculopathy due to cervical disc disease. High recovery rates and pain reductions after surgery have been reported, with similar results with or without a cage. A few small studies have evaluated neck-related physical function and patient-reported disability with less promising results. No previous studies have evaluated clinical and patientreported measures of functioning or compared the Cloward Procedure with the Cervical Intervertebral Fusion Cage (CIFC) more than 10 year after surgery. No studies have explored the patients’ perspective on surgical outcome Knowledge on long-term functioning may provide a base for improved postoperative care and rehabilitation. Combining the perspectives of clinicians and patients may provide a better understanding of outcome after ACDF surgery than has previously been reported.The overall aim of the thesis was to evaluate long-term functioning after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery due to cervical disc disease, and to provide new insights into patients’ experiences of daily life after surgery.The more than 10-year patient-reported outcomes of pain, disability and psychosocial factors (n=77), as well as clinical outcomes of neck-related physical function (n=51) were evaluated and compared between the Cloward Procedure and the CIFC. Preoperative and surgery-related factors of importance for a good outcome in neck-related pain and disability at 10-year follow-up were also identified. Fourteen women were interviewed at 1.5 to 3 years after ACDF to explore their experiences of daily life.There were no differences between the surgical techniques in long-term neck-related pain or patient-reported disability. Secondary outcomes were, with a few exceptions, similar between groups. Neck-related pain decreased after surgery and remained improved from the 2-year to the 10-year follow-up. However, disability ratings remained improved only in the CIFC group. Predictors of a successful outcome in neck-related pain intensity were high preoperative neck-related pain intensity (Odds Ratio 1.06) and nonsmoking (Odds Ratio 3.03). Male gender was the only predictive factor of a successful outcome in neck-related disability (Odds Ratio 4.33). Moderate to severe pain and patient-reported disability were seen in half of the participants at the 10-year follow-up, and neck-related physical impairments were seen in between 18% (cervical flexion) and 82% (neck-muscle endurance) of participants. Daily life was experienced as recovered or improved by women after ACDF surgery. However they were at the same time affected and limited by remaining symptoms. Behaviors and activities were altered to adjust to the symptoms. Social support provided by family, social and occupational networks, and by healthcare professionals were experienced as important in a good daily life.In conclusion: long-term pain, physical function and patient-reported disability were similar between the two ACDF techniques. High preoperative pain intensity, non-smoking and male gender predicted a good long-term outcome. Individuals after ACDF surgery experienced improvements in pain intensity and a good effect of surgery although they simultaneously reported residual or recurrent disability.
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