| 1. |
- B Jensen, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Evidence-Based Practice for Improved Occupational Safety and Health at Workplaces in Sweden. Report on a Practice-Based Research Network Approach.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the rapid growth in research and R&D expenditures, the translation of research into practice is limited. One approach to increase the translation and utilization of research is practice based research networks. With the aim of strengthening evidence-based practice (EBP) within occupational health services in Sweden (OH-Services), a practice-based research network (PBRN-OSH) was developed. The PBRN-OSH includes researchers and representatives from end-users. This paper reports on the development, outputs and lessons learned in the PBRN-OSH. The PBRN-OSH resulted in several practice-based research projects as well as different measures to ensure EBP in OSH such as the governmentally sanctioned national guidelines for the OH-services. Moreover, results show that the competence in EBP increased among practitioners at the OH-services. Conducting research in a PBRN is more resource demanding; however, this does not imply that it is less cost effective. To succeed in increasing the utility of research findings via PBRN, resources must be invested into an infrastructure that supports collaboration in the PBRN, including costs for a variety of means of dissemination. Further, translation activities need to be included in academic career paths and reward systems if a major improvement in the impact and return of investments from research is to be expected.
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| 2. |
- Bergström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive workplace intervention and its outcome with regard to lifestyle, health and sick leave : the AHA study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 31:2, s. 167-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a prospective multicentre cohort study entitled Work and Health in the Processing and Engineering Industries, the AHA Study (AHA is the Swedish abbreviation for the study). Four large workplaces in Sweden participated during the years from 2000 to 2003. The present report has two objectives: (1) to present a comprehensive occupational health intervention programme and (2) to evaluate this programme with a focus on lifestyle (smoking and exercise), health related quality of life (HRQoL) and sick leave. Interventions were provided on an individual and group level, including evidence-based methods for four health/focus areas (individual level) and a group intervention based on a survey-feedback methodology. The analyses in this report were exclusively employed at an organizational level. The proportion of smokers decreased at three companies and the course of the HRQoL was advantageous at two of the companies as compared to a gainfully employed reference group. A significant decrease in sick leave was revealed at one company, whereas a break in an ascending sick-leave trend appeared at a second company as compared to their respective corporate groups. This comprehensive workplace intervention programme appears to have had positive effects on smoking habits, HRQoL and sick leave.
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| 3. |
- Berman, Anne H., et al.
(författare)
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Counselor and Drug Detox Inpatient Verbal Behaviors in a Single Session of Motivational Interviewing and Subsequent Substance Use-Related Patient Outcomes
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - : Springer. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882. ; 17:1, s. 73-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effects of counselor and client verbal behaviors, in a single motivational interviewing (MI) session during inpatient detoxification, were evaluated in relation to 17 study participants' self-reported drug use 3 months later. Also, counselor-to-client transitions in the single MI session were explored for 24 participants, using the Motivational Interviewing Sequential Code for Observing Process Exchanges (MI-SCOPE) coding instrument. Surprisingly, counselor neutral/double-sided reflections predicted lower levels of drug use (r = -0.42), higher treatment interest (r = 0.40), and self-efficacy for abstaining from drug use when experiencing positive feelings (r=0.48) and negative feelings or craving (r = 0.40). Client change talk predicted motivation to change (r = 0.42) and perceptions of negative aspects of drug use (r = 0.44), while higher levels of client sustain talk predicted lower levels of drug use (r = -0.45) and lower interest in treatment (r = -0.68). The counselor-client transition analysis showed an odds ratio (OR) of 13.84 (95% CI 9.75; 19.66) for client change talk in response to counselor reflections on change talk (RCT), and an OR of 55.98 (95% CI 26.53; 118.12) for client sustain talk in response to counselor reflections on sustain talk (RST). Future research should increase sample size and extend follow-up.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bramberg, Elisabeth Bjork, et al.
(författare)
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Development of evidence-based practice in occupational health services in Sweden : a 3-year follow-up of attitudes, barriers and facilitators
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 90:4, s. 335-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish government initiated an investigation of how to secure and develop the competence of the occupational health services. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate whether the development of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the Swedish occupational health services in relation to attitudes, knowledge and use improved during the first 3 years of the government's initiative. The study has a mixed methods design combining questionnaires and interviews with data collection at baseline and at 3-year follow-up. The response rate was 66% at baseline and 63% at follow-up. The results show that practitioners' knowledge of EBP was moderate at baseline and improved at follow-up (p = 0.002; 95% CI 0.01; 0.21). Practitioners experienced lower levels of organizational and managerial support for EBP at follow-up (p < 0.001; 95% CI 0.18; 0.38). The results revealed that managers viewed responsibility for implementing EBP as a matter for individual practitioners rather than as an organizational issue. Occupational health service managers and practitioners are generally positive to EBP. However, the findings emphasize the need to educate managers in how to support EBP at the organizational level by creating an infrastructure for EBP in the OHS.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hermansson, Ulric
(författare)
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Risky alcohol consumption in the workplace : the feasibility of early detection and brief intervention as a part of routine health examinations
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are a number of reasons why workplaces should focus on problems related to alcohol use and misuse. These include the associated risk of greater ill-health, accidents leading to injury, absenteeism, and negative effects on the atmosphere in the workplace. The main purpose of this thesis was to examine the feasibility and limitations of alcohol screening as part of regular health examinations. A further aim was to examine the feasibility, limitations and effects of brief intervention in a workplace. The pilot project was carried out in workplaces in the paper, pulp and wood industry. The main project, a randomized controlled study, was carried out at a large workplace in the transport sector over a period of 48 months. In the main project, employees who came to the occupational health service (OHS) for a regular health examination were given the opportunity to undergo voluntary alcohol screening. The screening and follow-up consisted of self-reporting, using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the carbohydrate deficient transferrin in serum (CDT) blood test. The serum gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) test was also used for comparison purposes. The results from the pilot study suggest that alcohol screening is not time-consuming for the OHS. Offering employees voluntary alcohol screening in conjunction with a health examination may well encourage some people to seek advice and support for their alcohol problems. The results from the main study suggest that the AUDIT and CDT should be regarded as complementary test for alcohol screening in a routine workplace health examination, and that each is of value for identifying different segments of the at-risk drinking population. Our data indicate that individuals with moderately elevated or risky levels of alcohol consumption show an increase in sick-days. Individuals who screened positive on the AUDIT and/or CDT test did not demonstrate more long, continuous periods of sickness absence or absence on Monday or Fridays. Shift workers did not drink more alcohol than permanent day workers, according to the AUDIT, CDT and GGT results. In fact, the opposite was observed for 2-shift workers according to CDT. Of those employees who participated in the follow-up, almost 50% had negative test results. Despite this, there were no significant differences at screening and follow-up between the intervention groups and the control group, neither in relation to the AUDIT, CDT, or GGT. Nor was there any difference in the number of sick-days during the study period between those who screened positive and those who screened negative. In summary: it appears to be feasible to carry out alcohol screening and brief intervention as part of regular health examinations and there is a good reason to use a more systematic approach to alcohol screening in conjunction with routine workplace health examination.
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| 8. |
- Hermansson, Ulric, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for high-risk and elevated alcohol consumption in day and shift workers by use of the AUDIT and CDT
- 2003
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 53:8, s. 518-526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present findings on employees who attended for regular health examinations suggest that shift workers did not show a higher level of risky alcohol consumption than day workers, according to the results with the AUDIT, CDT and GGT. On the contrary, the two-shift workers appeared to drink significantly less.
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| 9. |
- Holmqvist, Marika, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol prevention activity in Swedish primary health care and occupational health services : Asking patients about their drinking
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. ; 25:6, s. 489-504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To investigate the alcohol preventive activity in Swedish Occupational health services (OHS) and Primary health care (PHC) in relation to education in handling risky drinking, perceived skills in achieving change in patients’ alcohol habits, and knowledge in alcohol issues among the physicians and nurses in these two settings. Design and Methods All Swedish physicians and nurses in OHS and PHC having the authority to issue prescriptions were surveyed with a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was returned by 313 OHS physicians (response rate 54%), 759 OHS nurses (69%), 1821 PHC physicians (47%), and 3125 PHC nurses (55%). Regression analyses were used to assess the independent and interacting effects of skills, knowledge, education, sex, age, and years in practice, patient encounters per week, and location of unit. Results OHS professionals were more active in initiating discussions about alcohol with their patients than their colleagues in PHC. OHS professionals considered themselves more skilful and knowledgeable than PHC professionals. OHS nurses and PHC physicians were the professional categories that had received most education in handling risky drinking. Skills were positively associated with activity for all categories except OHS physicians. Knowledge and education were positively associated with activity for all categories except OHS nurses. Conclusions OHS professionals were more active than the PHC professionals in addressing alcohol issues with their patients. Education, knowledge, and skills were positively associated with activity for most professional categories in the two settings.
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| 10. |
- Holmqvist, Marika, et al.
(författare)
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Towards increased alcohol intervention activity in Swedish occupational health services.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health. - : Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine. - 1232-1087 .- 1896-494X. ; 21:2, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the extent to which Swedish occupational physicians and nurses discuss alcohol issues with their patients, their reasons for and against addressing these issues, their amount of education in handling risky drinking, and factors that they believe could facilitate increased alcohol intervention activity in OHS. Methods: All Swedish physicians and nurses in OHS were surveyed with a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was returned by 313 physicians (response rate 54%) and 759 nurses (response rate 69%). Results: As much as 70% of the physicians and 85% of the nurses reported that they "frequently" discussed alcohol problems with their patients. The majority of both physicians (81%) and nurses (69%) admitted participating in a maximum of a half-day training in handling risky drinking. Among the physicians, the most common reason for asking patients about their alcohol consumption was the clinical relevance (57%). Seventy-three per cent of the nurses initiated discussions about alcohol on the basis of questionnaire responses. Both the physicians (72%) and nurses (90%) said that the knowledge about counselling techniques to use when alcohol-related symptoms are evident was the most important facilitator to increased intervention activity. Conclusions: OHS professionals usually discuss alcohol-related issues with their patients. Nonetheless, they are interested in gaining further education and knowledge in this respect. The study results indicate that OHS is an important setting for alcohol prevention.
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