| 1. |
- Chakera, Annette H., et al.
(författare)
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EANM-EORTC general recommendations for sentinel node diagnostics in melanoma
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 36:10, s. 1713-1742
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accurate diagnosis of a sentinel node in melanoma includes a sequence of procedures from different medical specialities (nuclear medicine, surgery, oncology, and pathology). The items covered are presented in 11 sections and a reference list: (1) definition of a sentinel node, (2) clinical indications, (3) radiopharmaceuticals and activity injected, (4) dosimetry, (5) injection technique, (6) image acquisition and interpretation, (7) report and display, ( 8) use of dye, ( 9) gamma probe detection, (10) surgical techniques in sentinel node biopsy, and (11) pathological evaluation of melanoma-draining sentinel lymph nodes. If specific recommendations given cannot be based on evidence from original, scientific studies, referral is given to "general consensus" and similar expressions. The recommendations are designed to assist in the practice of referral to, performance, interpretation and reporting of all steps of the sentinel node procedure in the hope of setting state-of-the-art standards for good-quality evaluation of possible spread to the lymphatic system in intermediate-to-high risk melanoma without clinical signs of dissemination.
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| 2. |
- Chakera, Annette H., et al.
(författare)
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Sentinel node imaging
- 2006
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Ingår i: Current Medical Imaging Reviews. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1875-6603 .- 1573-4056. ; 2:3, s. 341-346
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer and melanoma metastasize predominantly via the lymphatic route. It has long been known that invasion into one or a few nodes draining the primary tumour, the sentinel nodes (SN), is the most important, early sign of dissemination. If no malignant cells are detected in the SN, dissemination is unlikely to be expected. For the last 10 years SN biopsy has become an important tool in staging cancers. Two kinds of tracers are used for SN detection: The blue dye, injected during operation, and radioactively labelled colloid, injected before operation. The lymphatic drainage can then be mapped by following the blue dye by visual inspection during the operation, and with gamma camera imaging before and probe detection during the operation. The variations in the tracers used, and the injection and imaging techniques are discussed. The pathologic examination has also undergone a rapid evolution with more detailed analysis including immunohistochemistry. The use of the SN technique has quickly spread worldwide for melanoma and breast cancer but is also being tested in several other cancers. Reports on the influence on morbidity and mortality reduction are becoming increasingly convincing. The near future of SN examination is finally briefly outlined.
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| 3. |
- Londsdale, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Digital billedbehandling
- 2011
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Ingår i: Klinisk Nuklearmedicin. - 9788712046929
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Ripa, Rasmus Sejersten, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating angiogenic cytokines and stem cells in patients with severe chronic ischemic heart disease - Indicators of myocardial ischemic burden?
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273. ; 120:2, s. 181-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Angiogenic growth factors and stem cell therapies have demonstrated varying results in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. A reason could be that these mechanisms are already up-regulated due to reduced blood supply to the myocardium. The objective of this study was to examine if plasma concentrations of circulating stem cells and angiogenic cytokines in patients with severe stable chronic coronary artery disease were correlated to the clinical severity of the disease. Methods: Fifty-four patients with severe coronary artery disease and reversible ischemia at stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy were prospectively included. The severity of the disease was quantified by an exercise tolerance test, Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina classification, and Seattle Angina Pectoris Questionnaire. Fifteen persons without coronary artery disease served as control subjects. Results: Plasma concentration of VEGF-A, FGF-2, SDF-1, and circulating CD34+ and CD34-/CD45-cells were similar in the two groups, but early stem cell markers (CD105, CD73, CD166) and endothelial markers (CD31, CD144, VEGFR2) were significantly different between patients and control subjects (p < 0.005- 0.001). Diabetic patients had higher concentration of SDF-1 (2528 vs. 2150 pg/ml, p= 0.004). We found significant correlations between both VEGF-A, FGF-2, and CD34+ to disease severity, including degree of reversible ischemia, angina stability score, and exertional dyspnoea. Conclusions: Plasma concentrations of circulating stem cells and angiogenic cytokines have large inter-individual variations, which probably exclude them from being useful as indicators of myocardial ischemic burden.
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| 5. |
- Toft, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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The optimal reference population for cardiac normality in myocardial SPET in the detection of coronary artery stenoses: patients with normal coronary angiography or subjects with low likelihood of coronary artery disease?
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal Of Nuclear Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-105X .- 0340-6997 .- 1619-7089. ; 28:7, s. 831-835
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both subjects with a low likelihood for coronary artery disease (CAD) and patients with normal findings on coronary angiography have been used as reference populations in non-invasive stress testing, including myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Both of these criteria of normality--low likelihood of CAD and normal coronary angiography--have been criticised, and consensus on this issue is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare two different reference populations by testing the performance of artificial neural networks designed to interpret myocardial scintigrams. The networks were trained on myocardial perfusion scintigrams from 87 patients with angiographically documented CAD and on studies from one of two different reference groups: 48 patients with no signs of CAD based on angiography or 128 healthy volunteers with a likelihood for CAD <5%. The performance of the two different networks was then tested using scintigrams from a separate test group of 68 patients. Coronary angiography was used as the gold standard in this group. The network trained on patients with no signs of CAD based on angiography showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 93%. The ROC area for the network trained on healthy volunteers was 72%, and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.03). The results of this study using artificial neural networks suggest that normal angiography should be preferred as the reference standard in myocardial scintigraphy when a patient is examined for CAD prior to possible angiography. Whether the same is true for other indications, e.g. in prognostic evaluation, is unknown.
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| 6. |
- Trägårdh, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Reporting nuclear cardiology: a joint position paper by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI).
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-2412 .- 2047-2404. ; 16:3, s. 272-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The report of an imaging procedure is a critical component of an examination, being the final and often the only communication from the interpreting physician to the referring or treating physician. Very limited evidence and few recommendations or guidelines on reporting imaging studies are available; therefore, an European position statement on how to report nuclear cardiology might be useful. The current paper combines the limited existing evidence with expert consensus, previously published recommendations as well as current clinical practices. For all the applications discussed in this paper (myocardial perfusion, viability, innervation, and function as acquired by single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography or hybrid imaging), headings cover laboratory and patient demographics, clinical indication, tracer administration and image acquisition, findings, and conclusion of the report. The statement also discusses recommended terminology in nuclear cardiology, image display, and preliminary reports. It is hoped that this statement may lead to more attention to create well-written and standardized nuclear cardiology reports and eventually lead to improved clinical outcome.
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| 7. |
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