| 1. |
- Hepojoki, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute hantavirus infection induces galectin-3-binding protein
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 95:Pt 11, s. 2356-2364
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses that cause life-threatening diseases when transmitted to humans. Severe hantavirus infection is manifested by impairment of renal function, pulmonary oedema and capillary leakage. Both innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to the pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we showed that galectin-3-binding protein (Gal-3BP) was upregulated as a result of hantavirus infection bothin vitroandin vivo. Gal-3BP is a secreted glycoprotein found in human serum, and increased Gal-3BP levels have been reported in chronic viral infections and in several types of cancer. Ourin vitroexperiments showed that, whilst Vero E6 cells (an African green monkey kidney cell line) constitutively expressed and secreted Gal-3BP, this protein was detected in primary human cells only as a result of hantavirus infection. Analysis of Gal-3BP levels in serum samples of cynomolgus macaques infected experimentally with hantavirus indicated that hantavirus infection induced Gal-3BP alsoin vivo. Finally, analysis of plasma samples collected from patients hospitalized because of acute hantavirus infection showed higher Gal-3BP levels during the acute than the convalescent phase. Furthermore, the Gal-3BP levels in patients with haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome correlated with increased complement activation and with clinical variables reflecting the severity of acute hantavirus infection.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Trokovic, N., et al.
(författare)
-
Exosomal secretion of death bullets: a new way of apoptotic escape?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 303:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trokovic N, Pollanen R, Porola P, Stegaev V, Hetzel U, Tivesten A, Engdahl C, Carlsten H, Forsblad-D'Elia H, Fagman JB, Lagerquist M, Konttinen YT. Exosomal secretion of death bullets: a new way of apoptotic escape? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 303: E1015-E1024, 2012. First published August 12, 2012; doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00139.2012.-Ovariectomy/estrogen deficiency causes selective apoptosis of the serous epithelial cells of the submandibular glands (SMG) in female mice. Because such apoptosis does not occur in healthy, estrogen-deficient male mice, it was hypothesized that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) protects epithelial SMG cells against apoptosis. The antiapoptotic effect of DHT on human epithelial HSG cells exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cycloheximide was studied. Correspondingly, the proapoptotic effect of androgen deficiency was studied in orchiectomized (ORX) androgen-knockout (ARKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. The health state of the SMG cells was studied with Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff (AB-PAS) and amylase staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The eventual protective antiapoptotic effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) treatment was tested in this model. Apoptosis was assessed using immunohistochemisty of cleaved effector caspase-3 and its activator caspase-8 and the TUNEL assay. To test for the bioavailability, intracrine metabolism and sex steroid effects of DHEA, cystein-rich secretory protein-3 (CRISP-3), and leucine-isoleucine-valine transport system 1 (LIV-1) were used as androgen-and estrogen-regulated biomarkers, respectively. DHT protected HSG cells against induced apoptosis. In mice, androgen deficiency resulted in extensive activation of apoptotic caspase-8/3 cascade in serous epithelial cells. However, in salivary glands, active caspases were not translocated to nuclei but secreted to salivary ducts in exosome-like particles, which are associated with weak AB-PAS and amylase staining of the androgen-deprived cells and reduced number of intracellular secretory granules. DHEA treatment suppressed induction of proapoptotic caspases and almost normalized mucins and amylase and ultramophology of the serous epithelial cells in WT ORX but not ARKO ORX mice. According to the CRISP-3 and LIV-1 markers, DHEA probably exerted its effects via intracrine conversion to DHT.
|
|
| 4. |
- Virojanadara, Chariya, et al.
(författare)
-
Electronic and atomic structure of the 4 H-SiC (1 over(1, ¯) 0 2) -c (2 × 2) surface
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 602:2, s. 525-533
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The (1 over(1, ¯) 0 2) orientated plane of hexagonal silicon carbide of the 4H polytype consists of a periodic arrangement of stripes with alternating bond configuration on a nanometer scale. The two stripe configurations of the bulk truncated surface have an atomic structure very close to the carbon-face SiC basal plane and the cubic SiC(1 0 0) surface, respectively. The structural and electronic properties of the c(2 × 2) reconstruction on the 4 H-SiC (1 over(1, ¯) 0 2) surface were investigated using photoemission spectroscopy (PES), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The core level photoemission spectra reveal two surface shifted Si2p components and one shifted C1s component in addition to the SiC bulk peaks. In accordance with the periodicity observed in LEED, atomically resolved STM micrographs show a c(2 × 2) arrangement of bright features which are accounted as Si adatoms. The electronic structure of this SiC (1 over(1, ¯) 0 2) -c (2 × 2) phase is experimentally determined by angle resolved PES studies of the valence band revealing four surface states. Based on the experimental observations and a comparison to similar phases on other SiC surfaces, a tentative surface model can be developed which consists of Si adatoms in so-called H3 sites on the basal-plane type stripes and carbon dimers in Si bridging configuration on the cubic stripes of the bulk truncated surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Virojanadara, Chariya, et al.
(författare)
-
Silicon adatom chains and one-dimensionally confined electrons on 4H-SiC(1-102): The (2x1) reconstruction
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 602:22, s. 3506-3509
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic and atomic structure of the 4H-SiC surface was investigated. Photoemission data indicate that the surface contains about 2 Si layers on top of the bulk layers. Scanning tunneling microscopy images show that these adlayers are terminated by an ordered array of adatom chains separated by the unit cell size. An electronic surface state located at a binding energy of 0.8 eV shows one-dimensional confinement with dispersion only along the chains. Based on the experimental observations, a tentative (2 × 1) surface model is derived with the surface terminated by alternating chains of Si adatoms and Si dimers in between.
|
|
