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- Bremer, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Serum C-reactive protein concentrations in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers with immune-mediated rheumatic disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers (NSDTRs) are a dog breed often affected by immune-mediated rheumatic disease (IMRD), a disorder characterised by chronic stiffness and joint pain. Most, but not all, dogs with IMRD, have antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which are also commonly present in the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The clinical and diagnostic findings of IMRD indicate that it is an SLE-related disorder. C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein, is a quantitative marker of inflammation for many diseases and is used for diagnosing and monitoring systemic inflammation in both humans and dogs. However, in human SLE, CRP concentrations are often elevated but correlate poorly with disease activity; they can be low in individual patients with active disease. The aim of the study was to investigate CRP in a group of NSDTRs with the SLE-related disorder IMRD. The hypothesis was that CRP concentrations would be increased in dogs with IMRD compared to healthy dogs, but that the increase would be mild. Serum CRP concentrations were measured in 18 IMRD-affected NSDTRs and 19 healthy control NSDTRs using two different canine-specific CRP assays. Dogs with IMRD and ANA had higher CRP concentrations than the control dogs, but the concentrations were below the clinical decision limit for systemic inflammation for most of the IMRD dogs. These results indicate that CRP concentrations were increased in dogs with IMRD and ANA, but the increase was mild, similar to what has been observed in human SLE.
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| 4. |
- Falkenö, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Biological variation of 20 analytes measured in serum from clinically healthy domestic cats
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. - : SAGE Publications. - 1040-6387 .- 1943-4936. ; 28, s. 699-704
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The applications of data on biological variation include assessment of the utility of population-based reference intervals, evaluation of the significance of change in serial results, and setting of analytical quality specifications. We investigated the biological variation of 19 biochemistry analytes and total T4, measured in serum from 7 clinically healthy domestic cats sampled once weekly for 5 weeks. Samples were frozen and analyzed in random order in the same analytical run. Results were analyzed for outliers, and the components of variance, subsequently generated by restricted maximum likelihood, were used to determine within-subject and between-subject variation (CVI and CVG, respectively), as well as analytical variation (CVA) for each analyte. Indices of individuality, reference change values, and analytical performance goals were calculated. The smallest CVI and CVG were found for calcium, chloride, and sodium, whereas the largest values were calculated for bile acids. Nine analytes (albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, creatinine, phosphate [phosphorus], total protein, total T4) demonstrated high individuality, indicating limited utility of population-based reference intervals. Individuality was low, and population-based reference intervals were thereby considered appropriate for 5 analytes (bile acids, calcium, fructosamine, glucose, potassium). The intermediate individuality observed for 4 analytes (creatine kinase, iron, magnesium, urea) indicated that population-based reference intervals should be used with caution.
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| 7. |
- Hillström, Anna
(författare)
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Canine C-reactive protein : validation of two automated canine-specific C-reactive protein assays and studies on clinical and research applications
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive and specific marker of systemic inflammation in dogs, valuable for diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory diseases. The use of CRP in canine medicine has however been hampered by the lack of automated assays optimized for measuring CRP in this species. The need for improved CRP assays was the reason for initiating the current project, with the goal to generate automated, canine-specific CRP tests that could reliably measure serum CRP over the whole concentration range expected to occur in dogs. Two different assays were developed for this purpose. One was designed for routine diagnostic testing, and one was a high-sensitivity CRP test intended for research. Method validation studies were performed, demonstrating that both tests met the predefined quality criteria. Using the two novel CRP tests, it was possible to reliably measure serum CRP concentrations in the range of 0.5-1200 mg/l. After successful termination of the validation studies, the CRP assays were used in clinical research studies. C-reactive protein concentrations were measured in dogs with pyometra undergoing ovariohysterectomy, to evaluate how surgical treatment affected degree of systemic inflammation in these patients. Two other studies were performed to evaluate the usefulness of CRP as a diagnostic test. C-reactive protein concentration was found to discriminate well between dogs with suppurative arthritis and dogs with osteoarthritis, whereas measurement of CRP was not efficient for diagnosing late post-operative bacterial infections after orthopaedic surgery because these infections often did not elicit a systemic inflammatory response. In conclusion, two novel automated canine-specific CRP assays were developed and validated with satisfactory results. The tests showed high practicability for measuring CRP in samples from clinical research studies. Availability of these assays will facilitate the use of CRP as a routine diagnostic test in veterinary medicine, and can improve quality in research on canine inflammatory diseases.
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| 9. |
- Hillström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an in-clinic Serum Amyloid A (SAA) assay and assessment of the effects of storage on SAA samples
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An in-clinic assay for equine serum amyloid A (SAA) analysis, Equinostic EVA1, was evaluated for use in a clinical setting. Stability of SAA in serum samples was determined.Methods: Intra-and inter-assay variation of the in-clinic method was determined. The in-clinic method (EVA1) results were compared to a reference method (Eiken LZ SAA) with 62 patient samples. For samples with SAA concentrations within the assay range of EVA1 (10-270 mg/L), differences between the methods were evaluated in a difference plot. Linearity under dilution was evaluated in two samples. Stability of SAA in three serum pools stored at 4 degrees C and approximately 22 degrees C was evaluated with the reference method day 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 17 and analysed with a two-way ANOVA.Results: The imprecision (coefficient of variation, CV) for the in-clinic method was acceptable at higher SAA concentrations with CV values of 7,3-12%, but poor at low SAA concentrations with CV values of 27% and 37% for intra-and inter-assay variation respectively. Recovery after dilution was 50-138%. The in-clinic assay and the reference method identified equally well horses with low (< 10 mg/L) and high (> 270 mg/L) SAA concentrations. Within the assay range of the in-clinic method, 10-270 mg/L, the difference between the two methods was slightly higher than could be explained by the inherent imprecision of the assays. There were no significant changes of serum SAA concentrations during storage.Conclusions: The in-clinic assay identified horses with SAA concentrations of < 10 mg/L and > 270 mg/L in a similar way as the reference method, and provided an estimate of the SAA concentration in the range of 10-270 mg/L. The imprecision of the in-clinic method was acceptable at high SAA concentrations but not at low concentrations. Dilution of samples gave inconsistent results. SAA was stable both at room temperature and refrigerated, and thus samples may be stored before analysis with the reference method.
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| 10. |
- Hillström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of cytologic findings in feline conjunctivitis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Veterinary Clinical Pathology. - 0275-6382 .- 1939-165X. ; 41, s. 283-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Cytologic examination of smears prepared from ocular swabs of conjunctiva from cats with conjunctivitis permits identification of the type of inflammation and possibly specific microorganisms. Results of studies of the diagnostic utility of cytology for detection of infectious causes of feline conjunctivitis have been inconsistent. Objectives The objectives of this study were to describe cytologic findings in cats with conjunctivitis and to compare those findings with results of PCR analysis for feline herpesvirus (FHV-1), Chlamydophila felis (C felis), and Mycoplasma felis (M felis). Methods Conjunctival smears from 88 cats with conjunctivitis and 10 healthy control cats were stained with a Romanowsky stain and evaluated for the type of inflammation and evidence of an infectious agent. PCR analysis for FHV-1, C felis, and M felis was performed. Results Infectious agents identified by PCR analysis were FHV-1 in 9 cats (10%), C felis in 8 cats (9%), and M felis in 6 cats (7%). Inclusions interpreted as chlamydial inclusions were found in all cytologic smears from cats positive for C felis by PCR analysis and in 3 PCR-negative cats. Inclusions interpreted as Mycoplasma organisms were found in 3 of 6 cats that were PCR-positive for M felis and in 1 PCR-negative cat. FHV-1 inclusion bodies were not detected on cytologic examination. Conclusions Cytologic examination can be diagnostic for C felis infection when many typical inclusions are present. Cytologic examination was unreliable in diagnosing M felis infection, and viral inclusions of FHV-1 were not found in specimens stained with Romanowsky stains.
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