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- Elmberg, Johan, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Seabird migration at Cabo Carvoeiro (Peniche, Portugal) in autumn 2015
- 2020
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Ingår i: Marine Ornithology. - 1018-3337 .- 2074-1235. ; 48:2, s. 231-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Land-based counts at Cabo Carvoeiro (Peniche, Portugal), made between 15 August and 15 November 2015 (effort 90 d, 517 h), tallied302 469 birds, most of which (99.98%) were southbound. Although 65 species were observed, four species contributed to 91% of the total:207 608 Northern Gannet Morus bassanus, 32281 Cory’s Shearwater Calonectris borealis, 16086 Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus,and 15 222 Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus. Passage as a whole increased throughout the period, mainly due to a gradualintensification of Northern Gannet migration. More than 67 000 southbound procellariforms of 12 species were recorded, as were 6183Stercorariidae of four species. Daily passage rates of species recorded on more than 68 d were positively correlated in 22 of 36 cases.For Northern Gannet and Mediterranean Gull Ichthyaetus melanocephalus, the proportion of adult birds increased steadily, outnumberingyounger birds. Extrapolation based on counted versus uncounted daylight hours suggests that at least 415000 Northern Gannets, 65000Cory’s Shearwaters, and 30000 Balearic Shearwaters passed south at Cabo Carvoeiro in autumn 2015. Clearly, a very large share of theglobal population of the endangered Balearic Shearwater can be monitored at Cabo Carvoeiro. Based on generally unidirectional passagepatterns, high species diversity, as well as high season totals and daily passage rates of several species, Cabo Carvoeiro is one of the mostpromising mainland sites in the eastern North Atlantic to monitor a wide range of seabirds.
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| 2. |
- Nielsen, C., et al.
(författare)
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Seat load characteristics in children with neuromuscular and syndrome-related scoliosis : effects of pathology and treatment
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B. - 1060-152X .- 1473-5865. ; 17:3, s. 139-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The amount of correction from spine deformity surgery that is required to avoid asymmetric and unbalanced sifting is not known, and methods sensitive enough to document moderate changes in pressure distribution over time are few, as the commonly used methods are qualitative or semiquantitative. The aim was to analyse seating pressure distribution with a pressure sensor mat system in patients with nonidiopathic scoliosis and to compare the pressure distribution with that in able-bodied controls. The aim was also to apply the method in a surgically treated scoliosis group before and after the spine fusion. Peak pressure, contact area of the entire and the maximum pressure surface, and three measures of asymmetry were calculated. Patients had higher peak pressure and more asymmetric loading than controls. Significant difference was indicated in contact area. After the spine fusion, all asymmetry indices improved. The method fulfilled clinical needs to detect the differences from normal controls as well as the surgery-dependent changes.
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| 6. |
- Forslund, E B, et al.
(författare)
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Transfer from table to wheelchair in men and women with spinal cord injury : coordination of body movement and arm forces
- 2007
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Ingår i: Spinal Cord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393 .- 1476-5624. ; 45:1, s. 41-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: A complex set-up was used to investigate kinematics and ground reaction forces.SETTING: Motor Control and Physical Therapy Research Laboratory, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.OBJECTIVE: To investigate how men and women with spinal cord injury (SCI) perform transfers from table to wheelchair with regard to timing and magnitude of force generation beneath the hands and associated body movements.METHODS: A total of 13 subjects (seven men, six women) with thoracic SCI. Kinematics of body movement were recorded (Elite 2000 system) simultaneously with the signals from three force plates (AMTI) placed beneath the buttocks and hands. Temporal and spatial parameters regarding head, trunk and trailing arm displacement, loading amplitudes and loading torque directions of both hands were analyzed for each trial and subject and compared between genders.RESULTS: Men and women used similar amplitudes of head bending and forward displacement of the trailing shoulder, while female subjects had significantly larger trunk rotation. Both genders applied significantly more weight on the trailing hand. Differences between genders were seen in direction and timing of peak torque beneath the hands.CONCLUSIONS: The forces beneath the trailing hand were larger than those in the leading, if there is weakness or pain in one arm, this arm should be selected as the leading. To avoid excessive load on the arms, technical aids and environmental factors should be very well adapted.SPONSORSHIP: This project was funded by the Swedish Research Council and the Health Care Science Committee of Karolinska Institutet.
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| 9. |
- Hirschfeld, H, et al.
(författare)
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Coordinated ground forces exerted by buttocks and feet are adequately programmed for weight transfer during sit-to-stand
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of neurophysiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0022-3077 .- 1522-1598. ; 82:6, s. 3021-3029
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis whether weight transfer during sit-to-stand (STS) is the result of coordinated ground forces exerted by buttocks and feet before seat-off. Whole-body kinematics and three-dimensional ground forces from left and right buttock as well as from left and right foot were recorded for seven adults during STS. We defined a preparatory phase from onset of the first detectable anterior/posterior (A/P) force to seat-off (buttock forces fell to 0) and a rising phase from seat-off to the decrease of center of mass (CoM) vertical velocity to zero. STS was induced by an increase of vertical and backward directed ground forces exerted by the buttocks that significantly preceded the onset of any trunk movement. All ground forces peaked before or around the moment of seat-off, whereas all kinematic variables, except trunk forward rotation and hip flexion, peaked after seat-off, during or after the rising phase. The present study suggests that the weight transfer from sit to stand is induced by ground forces exerted by buttocks and feet before seat-off, i.e., during the preparatory phase. The buttocks generate the isometric “rising forces,” e.g., the propulsive impulse for the forward acceleration of the body, while the feet apply adequate damping control before seat-off. This indicates that the rising movement is a result of these coordinated forces, targeted to match the subject's weight and support base distance between buttocks and feet. The single peaked, bell-shaped profiles peaking before seat-off, were seen beneath buttocks for the “rising drive,” i.e., between the time of peak backward directed force and seat-off, as well as beneath the feet for the “damping drive,” i.e., from onset to the peak of forward-directed force and for CoM A/P velocity. This suggests that both beginning and end of the weight transfer process are programmed before seat-off. The peak deceleration of A/P CoM took place shortly (∼100 ms) after CoM peak velocity, resulting in a well controlled CoM deceleration before seat-off. In contrast to the view of other authors, this suggests that body equilibrium is controlled during weight transfer.
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