| 1. |
- Andreae, Christina, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Depressive Symptoms Moderate the Association Between Appetite and Health Status in Patients With Heart Failure
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 33:2, s. E15-E20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Decreased appetite and depressive symptoms are clinical problems in patients with heart failure. Both may result in impaired health status. Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the association between appetite and health status in patients with heart failure and to explore whether depressive symptoms moderate this association. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with heart failure (n = 186; mean age, 71 years), New York Heart Association class II to IV, participated. Data on appetite (Council of Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and health status (EQ-5D 3-level scale [EQ-5D-3L] descriptive system, EQ-5D-3L index, and EQ Visual Analog Scale) were collected by self-rating questionnaires. Pearson correlation was used to investigate the association between appetite and health status. Multiple regression was performed to examine whether depressive symptoms moderate the association between appetite and health status. Results: There was a significant association between appetite and health status for EQ-5D-3L descriptive system, mobility (P < .001), pain/discomfort (P < .001), and anxiety/depression (P < .001). This association was also shown in EQ-5D-3L index (P < .001) and EQ Visual Analog Scale (P < .001). Simple slope analysis showed that the association between appetite and health status was only significant for patients without depressive symptoms (B = 0.32, t = 4.66, P < .001). Conclusions: Higher level of appetite was associated with better health status. In moderation analysis, the association was presented for patients without depressive symptoms. Decreased appetite is an important sign of poor health status. To improve health status, health professionals should have greater attention on appetite, as well on signs of depressive symptoms.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Berterö, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Social support as described by foreign-born persons diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and living in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nursing and Health Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1441-0745 .- 1442-2018. ; 12:4, s. 507-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore and describe the meaning of support and its impact on the life situation of foreign-born persons diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and living in Sweden in relation to gender, age, and the duration of the disease. Mixed methods were used on a purposive sample of 34 foreign-born adults who had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews and quantitative data were collected by the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ). The meaning of “support” was described by the participants as medical support, information support, and aiding support to learn to manage diabetes. Support influenced the participants' entire life and their need for it was related to the severity of the diabetes and differences regarding age and gender. The participants scored low on the NSSQ regarding total emotional support, total aid, and total function and 42% had lost an important relationship during the last year. Their marital status had no impact on emotional support but aid was significant. Medical support, with regular follow-up and information, is important in obtaining affirmation and aids in learning to manage diabetes mellitus.
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| 4. |
- Bini, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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How patients with insomnia interpret and respond to the consensus sleep diary : a cognitive interview study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes. - : Springer Nature. - 2509-8020. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective/BackgroundThe Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD) is widely used to assess subjective sleep. Psychometric evaluations and focus-groups support its validity and clinical usefulness, but further research into its validity is needed. The aim of the study was to evaluate a Swedish translation of the CSD regarding test content and response processes in patients with insomnia.Patients/MethodsIn connection with translating the CSD into Swedish, we used cognitive interviewing to evaluate test content and the response process, that is, how people make decisions when responding to survey items. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 13 primary health care patients with insomnia disorder (mean age, 49 years; SD 15.5). Iterative, reparative analysis was used to investigate test content. Descriptive deductive analysis was used to investigate interview transcripts for the themes of the cognitive model: comprehension, retrieval, decision process, and judgement. Together, the themes explain the response process when responding to a patient-reported outcome measure.ResultsThe overall comprehension of the CSD could be affected by poor adherence to the instructions (comprehension). Patients had difficulty with recall if they did not complete the diary immediately in the morning and just before bedtime (retrieval). They could have problems deciding how to respond to certain items because they imbued sleep-related concepts with extra meaning (decision process), and had trouble finding response alternatives nuanced enough to describe their experience of sleep and tiredness (judgement).ConclusionsThis study contributes knowledge on how the instrument is perceived and used by care-seeking patients with insomnia. In this context, the CSD exhibits known flaws such as memory lapses if the diary is not filled in directly in the morning. To increase the accuracy of patients' responses, therapists should support patients in reading the instructions.
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| 5. |
- Björklund, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Snytbaggen : åtgärder för lyckade planteringar
- 2014
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Barrträdsplantor som planterats efter avverkning blir ofta dödade av snytbaggens gnag. Men genom olika åtgärder kan skadorna minskas till en acceptabel nivå. Vilka metoder du bör välja beror bland annat på var i landet hygget ligger. Denna broschyr syftar till att förklara vilken effekt på plantskadorna olika åtgärder ger och hur de kan kombineras i olika delar av Sverige.
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| 7. |
- Engwall, Magnus, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of dioxin-like compounds in sewage sludge determined with a bioassay based on EROD induction in chicken embryo liver cultures
- 1999
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 38:10, s. 2327-2343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A bioassay for the detection of dioxin-like compounds was used to estimate levels in sewage sludge from Swedish sewage treatment plants (STPs). The sludge extracts were HPLC-separated into three fractions containing a) monoaromatic/aliphatic, b) diaromatic (e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans [PCDDs/Fs]), and c) polyaromatic compounds (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]). The bioassay, which is based on EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase) induction in cultured chicken embryo livers detected dioxin-like activity in all unfractionated extracts and in the di- and polyaromatic fractions of all sludge extracts, but not in the monoatomatic/aliphatic fractions. The levels ranged between 6 and 109 pg bio-TEQ/g sludge (d.w.). In sediment samples from rural lakes in Sweden, levels of about 5 pg bio-TEQ/g (d.w.) have been found. The polyaromatic fractions of the sludge samples were potent in the bioassay, probably due to various PAHs and other polyaromatics in the sludge. The levels of six PAHs that are screened for in the sludge at Swedish STPs accounted for only 3-10% of the observed EROD-induction by the polyaromatic fractions. Consequently, many other polyaromatic EROD-inducing compounds were present in the sludge. Inclusion of a biological test like the chicken embryo liver bioassay in the screening of sludge would improve the ability to detect the presence of bioactive dioxin-like compounds. A theoretical estimation of bio-TEQ concentrations in farm-soil following long-term application of sludge with bio-TEQ concentrations similar to those observed in this investigation indicated that the bio-TEQ levels in soil would increase very slowly over time. The chicken embryo liver bioassay proved useful in assessing levels of dioxin-like compounds in sewage sludge and it gives valuable complementary information to chemical analysis data.
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| 8. |
- Forslund, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Mycoplasma genitalium and macrolide resistance-associated mutations in the Skåne Region of Southern Sweden 2015
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555. ; 97:10, s. 1235-1238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted infection ordinarily treated with azithromycin. Emerging resistance to macrolide is linked to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. We analysed the frequency of such mutations of M. genitalium isolates from patients that were symptomatic, and from sexual partners of symptomatic individuals, from October to December of 2015, in the Skåne Region of Sweden. Mutations were analysed by the use of DNA sequencing. Overall, 11.9% (145/1,311) and 17.0% (116/704) of females and males were positive for M. genitalium, respectively. Macrolide resistant mutations were detected in 13% (31/239) of M. genitalium isolates from first-test patient samples. Twenty-one (8.8%) and 10 (4.2%) of the isolates had point mutations of the 23S-gene at position 2072 and 2071, respectively. Two different M. genitalium isolates were detected simultaneously in two cases. In summary, we found a relatively low rate of macrolide-resistant M. genitalium in the region of Southern Sweden.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hellström, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in cardiac arrest survivors
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nursing in Critical Care. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1362-1017 .- 1478-5153. ; 28:6, s. 870-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Insomnia, sleep apnoea and sleep loss are risk factors for the develop- ment of cardiovascular diseases. Most research on sleep disturbances includes patients with heart failure, while the role of sleep in sudden cardiac arrest survivors (SCA) has been only partially investigated and understood. Sleep-related breathing disorders and obstructive sleep apnoea increase illness and mortality in the aftermath of SCA. Also, post-traumatic stress is evident in SCA survivors, where sleep disruptions are some of the main symptoms of the condition. Consequently, it is important to identify sleep problems in SCA survivors at an early stage to avoid unnecessary suffering.Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate registered nurses' perceptions of SCA survivors' sleep, both in hospital and after discharge.Methods: This was an explorative interview study with a phenomenographic approach. Nineteen registered nurses (RNs) varying in age, sex and years in the profession participated.Findings: The nurses' perceptions of SCA survivors' sleep were categorized as: “The observer – noticing behaviours, emotions and habits of the patient that affect sleep”, “The oblivious witness – attitudes that hinder the ability to recognise sleep behav- iours”, and “The practitioner – advising and medicating for sleep”. The outcome space showed that the nurses detected both obvious and subtle signs relating to patients' sleep. However, attitudes hindering the recognition of sleep behaviours were independent of acting as an observer or practitioner. If nothing unforeseen was observed, or if the patient did not spontaneously raise the subject, sleep was considered less important than other health problems in SCA survivors.Conclusions: Although the nurses knew that SCA survivors suffered from poor sleep, they failed to reflect on the consequences for the patient. Nurses' feelings of insuffi- cient knowledge about sleep, as well as their omittance of sleep in the follow-up doc- umentation could leave sleep issues unaddressed and cause unnecessary patient suffering.Relevance to clinical practice: Nurses need increased knowledge and training to enable them to detect subtle signs of sleep problems in SCA survivors.
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