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- Björnstjerna Hjelm, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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En studie om studenters samarbete och grupputveckling vid interprofessionellt problembaserat lärande
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vården blir allt mer specialiserad och antalet professioner ökar. För att vården ska fungera krävs ett utvecklat interprofessionellt samarbete och enligt Världshälsoorganisationen, WHO, är interprofessionell utbildning en av de viktigaste vägarna till effektiv, patientsäker sjukvård. Syftet med denna presentation är att redogöra för en studie om samarbete och grupputveckling i interprofessionellt sammansatta basgrupper vid grundutbildningen till olika vårdprofessioner. Med stöd av SPGR (Systematisera Person – Grupp i Relation) observerades studenternas beteende vid videoinspelade basgruppsmöten under problembaserat lärande (PBL) med fokus på hur professionella roller och stereotyper påverkade basgruppernas samarbete och utveckling. Resultatet visar att samtliga basgrupper utvecklades men på olika sätt. Resultatet visar även att professionella stereotypiska beteenden minskade över tid samt att basgruppshandledarens agerande påverkade grupputvecklingen. En slutsats är att PBL kan vara ett sätt att minska stereotypt beteende i basgrupper och att handledarens stil är en viktig faktor för framgång med tillvägagångssättet. Fokus vid presentationen är att beskriva studien och dess resultat utifrån de gjorda observationerna med SPGR.
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- Domeika, Marius, et al.
(författare)
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Mailed urine samples are not an effective screening approach for Chlamydia trachomatis case finding among young men
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. - : Wiley. - 0926-9959 .- 1468-3083. ; 21:6, s. 789-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Frequency of testing is known to be low for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in men aged 20–24 years. The use of mailed, home-obtained urine specimens could increase the uptake of young men and facilitate screening programmes for the detection of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis. Objective The aim of the present study is to evaluate the home screening approach as a tool for recruitment of asymptomatic men for screening of genital C. trachomatis infections. Methods Men aged 19–24 years old (n = 1936) were invited to participate in home-based testing for genital C. trachomatis infection. Persons who agreed to be tested were provided with a testing kit. Self-collected first void urine was sent for testing to the microbiology laboratory. The test result was accessible on the study's web-page 1 week after testing. Individuals with a diagnosed infection were instructed to contact the venereal disease department. Results The response rate was 24% (462/1936). The responders' main reason for not participating was a feeling of being safe regarding STIs (87%; 159/182). The primary reason for this feeling of safety was that the responders were in a steady relationship (59%; 107/159). Having sex outside a steady relationship was reported by 36% (90/250) of the responders. The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection among the responders was 2.02% and the reported history of chlamydial infection was 36% (34/95). Out of the responders, 92% (229/249) were, to varying degrees, concerned about getting STIs; however, the majority (72%; 174/242) estimated the risk to be low. Conclusion Home screening using web-based answer management is a feasible tool for STI screening, which lowers the threshold for people at risk. In this particular population, however, the response rate was too low to be routinely introduced.
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- Duodu, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Bartonella Infections in Deer Keds (Lipoptena cervi) and Moose (Alces alces) in Norway
- 2013
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240 .- 1098-5336. ; 79:1, s. 322-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infections with Bartonella spp. have been recognized as emerging zoonotic diseases in humans. Large knowledge gaps exist, however, relating to reservoirs, vectors, and transmission of these bacteria. We describe identification by culture, PCR, and housekeeping gene sequencing of Bartonella spp. in fed, wingless deer keds (Lipoptena cervi), deer ked pupae, and blood samples collected from moose, Alces alces, sampled within the deer ked distribution range in Norway. Direct sequencing from moose blood sampled in a deer ked-free area also indicated Bartonella infection but at a much lower prevalence. The sequencing data suggested the presence of mixed infections involving two species of Bartonella within the deer ked range, while moose outside the range appeared to be infected with a single species. Bartonella were not detected or cultured from unfed winged deer keds. The results may indicate that long-term bacteremia in the moose represents a reservoir of infection and that L. cervi acts as a vector for the spread of infection of Bartonella spp. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of L. cervi in the transmission of Bartonella to animals and humans and the possible pathogenicity of these bacteria for humans and animals.
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- Edelbring, Samuel, PhD, Docent, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Interprofessionell simulering är engagerande och relevant [Interprofessional simulation: an engaging and relevant technique for teamwork practice]
- 2019
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm, Sweden : Sveriges Läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stakeholders in healthcare and education find interprofessional teamwork to be crucial for todays complex healthcare. Consequently, the students need to prepare for future collaboration with other professions. Interprofessional simulation (IPS) is a technique in which several professions can engage together in clinical scenarios. Using a survey we studied the perceived relevance of two IPS settings in which last-year medical and nursing students participated in acute care scenarios. The findings showed that students perceive IPS as being highly relevant and that students from the other profession contributed to their learning. IPS holds promise as a pedagogical tool towards future interprofessional competence. However, pedagogical improvements can be made, and the professional perspectives can be better balanced. Furthermore, in order to equip students with broader interprofessional competence, scenarios should include several professions and a variety of clinical contexts.
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- Edvinsson, Marie, 1976-
(författare)
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae in Cardiovascular Diseases : Clinical and Experimental Studies
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) has been suggested as a stimulator of chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in aortic biopsies in 50% of patients with stable angina pectoris or acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. C. pneumoniae mRNA, a marker of replicating bacteria, was demonstrated in 18% of the aortic biopsies. Inflammation may have a role in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and aortic valve stenosis. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in aortic biopsies in 26% of thoracic aortic aneurysm patients and in 11% of aortic dissection patients undergoing thoracic surgery and in 22% of stenotic aortic heart valves from patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. No bacterial mRNA was demonstrated in these aortic biopsies, nor in the valves, suggesting that the infection has passed into a persistent state. C. pneumoniae DNA was demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in only 5% of aortic valve stenosis patients and not in thoracic aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection patients, suggesting that the bacterium disseminated to the cardiovascular tissue long before the patient required surgery. The copper/zinc ratio in serum, a marker of infection/inflammation, was significantly elevated in thoracic aortic aneurysm patients, supporting an inflammatory pathogenesis. Patients positive for C. pneumoniae in the aortic valve had more advanced coronary atherosclerosis, further supporting a possible role for C. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis. Mice were infected with C. pneumoniae that disseminated to all organs investigated (i.e. lungs, heart, aorta, liver and spleen). Trace element concentrations were altered in infected animals with an increased copper/zinc ratio in serum, a progressively increased iron concentration in the liver and a progressively decreased iron concentration in serum. Iron is important for C. pneumoniae metabolism, and a changed iron homeostasis was noted in infected mice by alterations in iron-regulating proteins, such as DMT1 and hepcidin.
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- Edvinsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae in chronic rhinosinusitis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 126:9, s. 952-957
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSIONS: The intracellular bacterium Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cp) was infrequently found in nasopharynx and lacking in biopsies from the middle turbinate in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. Compared with healthy controls, patients suffering from CRS had significantly higher and more prevalent antibody titers to Cp. However, an association between CRS and Cp could not be established. OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of Cp in CRS patients and in healthy controls to determine if an association exists between Cp and CRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PCR against Cp was run on middle turbinate biopsies and on throat and nasopharyngeal swabs from 25 CRS patients and from 10 healthy controls. Serum samples were tested for Cp-specific antibodies by the microimmunofluorescence method. Patients that tested positive for Cp or had high antibody titers were treated with antibiotics. RESULTS: Cp was found in nasopharyngeal samples from two patients but from none of the controls. Neither patients nor controls had Cp in biopsies from the middle turbinate. Antibody titers against Cp were significantly higher and more prevalent in patients than in controls. Seventeen patients were treated with antibiotics but only four of them recovered from sinusitis symptoms during the 2-year follow-up.
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