| 1. |
- Giustina, M., et al.
(författare)
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Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Local Realism with Entangled Photons
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO). - : IEEE. - 9781943580118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report an experimental violation of a Bell inequality with strong statistical significance. Our experiment employs polarization measurements on entangled single photons and closes the locality, freedom-of-choice, fair-sampling, coincidence-time, and memory loopholes simultaneously.
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| 2. |
- Giustina, Marissa, et al.
(författare)
-
A Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bells Theorem with Entangled Photons
- 2017
-
Ingår i: QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY III. - : SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. - 9781510613492 - 9781510613485
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- John Bells theorem of 1964 states that local elements of physical reality, existing independent of measurement, are inconsistent with the predictions of quantum mechanics (Bell, J. S. (1964), Physics (College. Park. Md). 1 (3), 195). Specifically, correlations between measurement results from distant entangled systems would be smaller than predicted by quantum physics. This is expressed in Bells inequalities. Employing modifications of Bells inequalities, many experiments have been performed that convincingly support the quantum predictions. Yet, all experiments rely on assumptions, which provide loopholes for a local realist explanation of the measurement. Here we report an experiment with polarization-entangled photons that simultaneously closes the most significant of these loopholes. We use a highly efficient source of entangled photons, distributed these over a distance of 58.5 meters, and implemented rapid random setting generation and high-efficiency detection to observe a violation of a Bell inequality with high statistical significance. The merely statistical probability of our results to occur under local realism is less than 3.74 . 10(-31), corresponding to an 11.5 standard deviation effect.
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| 3. |
- Giustina, Marissa, et al.
(författare)
-
Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bells Theorem with Entangled Photons
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 115:25, s. 250401-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local realism is the worldview in which physical properties of objects exist independently of measurement and where physical influences cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Bells theorem states that this worldview is incompatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics, as is expressed in Bells inequalities. Previous experiments convincingly supported the quantum predictions. Yet, every experiment requires assumptions that provide loopholes for a local realist explanation. Here, we report a Bell test that closes the most significant of these loopholes simultaneously. Using a well-optimized source of entangled photons, rapid setting generation, and highly efficient superconducting detectors, we observe a violation of a Bell inequality with high statistical significance. The purely statistical probability of our results to occur under local realism does not exceed 3.74 x 10(-31), corresponding to an 11.5 standard deviation effect.
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