| 1. |
- Cuetos, Anibal, et al.
(författare)
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Structural Basis for Phospholyase Activity of a Class III Transaminase Homologue
- 2016
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Ingår i: ChemBioChem. - : Wiley. - 1439-4227 .- 1439-7633. ; 17:24, s. 2308-2311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyse a remarkable diversity of chemical reactions in nature. A1RDF1 from Arthrobacter aurescens TC1 is a fold type I, PLP-dependent enzyme in the class III transaminase (TA) subgroup. Despite sharing 28% sequence identity with its closest structural homologues, including beta-alanine: pyruvate and gamma-aminobutyrate: alpha-ketoglutarate TAs, A1RDF1 displayed no TA activity. Activity screening revealed that the enzyme possesses phospholyase (E.C. 4.2.3.2) activity towards O-phosphoethanolamine (PEtN), an activity described previously for vertebrate enzymes such as human AGXT2L1, enzymes for which no structure has yet been reported. In order to shed light on the distinctive features of PLP-dependent phospholyases, structures of A1RDF1 in complex with PLP (internal aldimine) and PLP.PEtN (external aldimine) were determined, revealing the basis of substrate binding and the structural factors that distinguish the enzyme from class III homologues that display TA activity.
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| 2. |
- Heinks, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Biosynthesis of Furfurylamines in Batch and Continuous Flow by Immobilized Amine Transaminases
- 2023
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Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4344. ; 13:5, s. 875-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building blocks with amine functionality are crucial in the chemical industry. Biocatalytic syntheses and chemicals derived from renewable resources are increasingly desired to achieve sustainable production of these amines. As a result, renewable materials such as furfurals, especially furfurylamines like 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfurylamine (HMFA) and 2,5-di(aminomethyl)furan (DAF), are gaining increasing attention. In this study, we identified four different amine transaminases (ATAs) that catalyze the reductive amination of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). We successfully immobilized these ATAs on glutaraldehyde-functionalized amine beads using multiple binding and on amine beads by site-selective binding of the unique Ca-formylglycine within an aldehyde tag. All immobilized ATAs were efficiently reused in five repetitive cycles of reductive amination of HMF with alanine as co-substrate, while the ATA from Silicibacter pomeroyi (ATA-Spo) also exhibited high stability for reuse when isopropylamine was used as an amine donor. Additionally, immobilized ATA-Spo yielded high conversion in the batch syntheses of HMFA and DAF using alanine (87% and 87%, respectively) or isopropylamine (99% and 98%, respectively) as amine donors. We further demonstrated that ATA-Spo was effective for the reductive amination of HMF with alanine or isopropylamine in continuous-flow catalysis with high conversion up to 12 days (48% and 41%, respectively).
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| 3. |
- Kohls, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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Recent achievements in developing the biocatalytic toolbox for chiral amine synthesis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Current opinion in chemical biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1367-5931 .- 1879-0402. ; 19, s. 180-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel enzyme activities and chemoenzymatic reaction concepts have considerably expanded the biocatalytic toolbox for chiral amine synthesis. Creating new activities or extending the scope of existing enzymes by protein engineering is a common trend in biocatalysis and in chiral amine synthesis specifically. For instance, an amine dehydrogenase that allows for the direct asymmetric amination of ketones with ammonia was created by mutagenesis of an L-amino acid dehydrogenase. Another trend in chiral amine chemistry is the development of strategies allowing for the synthesis of secondary amines. For example the smart choice of substrates for amine transaminases provided access to secondary amines by chemoenzymatic reactions. Furthermore novel biocatalysts for the synthesis of secondary amines such as imine reductases and Pictet-Spenglerases have been identified and applied. Recent examples showed that the biocatalytic amine synthesis is emerging from simple model reactions towards industrial scale preparation of pharmaceutical relevant substances, for instance, as shown in the synthesis of a Janus kinase 2 inhibitor using an amine transaminase. A comparison of important process parameters such as turnover number and space-time yield demonstrates that biocatalytic strategies for asymmetric reductive amination are maturing and can already compete with established chemical methods.
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| 4. |
- Kohls, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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Selective Access to All Four Diastereomers of a 1,3-Amino Alcohol by Combination of a Keto Reductase- and an Amine Transaminase-Catalysed Reaction
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. - : Wiley. - 1615-4150 .- 1615-4169. ; 357:8, s. 1808-1814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The biocatalytic synthesis of chiral amines has become a valuable addition to the chemists' tool-box. However, the efficient asymmetric synthesis of functionalised amines bearing more than one stereocentre, such as 1,3-amino alcohols, remains challenging. By employing a keto reductase (KRED) and two enantiocomplementary amine transaminases (ATA), we developed a biocatalytic route towards all four diastereomers of 4-amino-1-phenylpentane-2-ol as a representative molecule bearing the 1,3-amino alcohol functionality. Starting from a racemic hydroxy ketone, a kinetic resolution using an (S)-selective KRED provided optically active hydroxy ketone (86% ee) and the corresponding diketone. Further transamination of the hydroxy ketone was performed by either an (R)- or an (S)-selective ATA, yielding the (2R,4R)- and (2R,4S)-1,3-amino alcohol diastereomers. The remaining two diastereomers were accessible in two subsequent asymmetric steps: the diketone was reduced regio- and enantioselectively by the same KRED, which yielded the (S)-configured hydroxy ketone. Eventually, the subsequent transamination of the crude product with (R)- and (S)-selective ATAs yielded the remaining (2S,4R)and (2S,4S)-diastereomers, respectively.
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