| 1. |
- Cebrián, María José García, et al.
(författare)
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Paradoxical role of hmgb1 in pancreatic cancer : Tumor suppressor or tumor promoter?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005. ; 36:9, s. 4381-4390
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis and there is an increasing and unmet need to identify better diagnostic and therapeutic targets in order to ameliorate the course of the disease. HMGB1, a nuclear DNA-binding protein that acts as a transcription factor, is currently in the limelight. HMGB1 exhibits a dual role in pancreatic cancer; when intracellular, it acts as an anti-tumor protein stabilizing the genome, whereas extracellular HMGB1 behaves as a protumor protein with cytokine, chemokine and growth factor functions. Although the exact mechanisms of HMGB1 in pancreatic cancer are still to be elucidated, the significance of this protein for processes, such as autophagy, immunogenic cell death, tumor growth, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy, have become increasingly clear. In this review, we provide a systematic summary and review of the biological and clinical relevance of HMGB1 in pancreatic cancer.
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| 2. |
- Gockel, Lukas M., et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of Tumor-Host Cell Interactions Using Synthetic Heparin Mimetics
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:6, s. 7080-7093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is the guideline-based drug for antithrombotic treatment of cancer patients, while its direct antitumor effects are a matter of ongoing debate. Although therapeutically established for decades, LMWH has several drawbacks mainly associated with its origin from animal sources. Aiming to overcome these limitations, a library of synthetic heparin mimetic polymers consisting of homo- and copolymers of sulfonated and carboxylated noncarbohydrate monomers has recently been synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. These heparin mimetics were investigated for their capacities to interfere with simulated steps of tumor cell metastasis. Among them, homo- and copolymers from sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (poly(SSS)) with acrylic acid (poly(SSS-co-AA)) with an MW between 5 and 50 kDa efficiently attenuated cancer cell-induced coagulation and thus platelet activation and degranulation similar to or even better than LMWH. Furthermore, independent of anticoagulant activities, these polymers affected other metastasis-relevant targets with impressive affinities. Hence, they blocked heparanase enzymatic activity outmatching commercial heparins or a glycosidic drug candidate. Furthermore, these polymers bind P-selectin and the integrin VLA-4 similar to or even better than heparin, indicated by a biosensor approach and thus efficiently blocked melanoma cell binding to endothelium under blood flow conditions. This is the first report on the prospects of synthetic heparin mimetics as promising nontoxic compounds in oncology to potentially substitute heparin as an anticoagulant and to better understand its role as an antimetastatic drug.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Immune checkpoint therapy for pancreatic cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: World Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.. - 1007-9327. ; 22:43, s. 9457-9476
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel treatment modalities are necessary for pancreatic cancer. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibition has shown effect in other solid tumors, and could have a place in pancreatic cancer treatment. Most available clinical studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors for pancreatic cancer are not yet completed and are still recruiting patients. Among the completed trials, there have been findings of a preliminary nature such as delayed disease progression and enhanced overall survival after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in mono- or combination therapy. However, due to small sample sizes, major results are not yet identifiable. The present article provides a clinical overview of immune checkpoint inhibition in pancreatic cancer. PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov and American Society of Clinical Oncology's meeting abstracts were systematically searched for relevant clinical studies. Four articles, five abstracts and 25 clinical trials were identified and analyzed in detail.
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