| 1. |
- Abele, Dace, et al.
(författare)
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Including the liver in the visceral allograft: Impact on donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies and long-term outcomes
- 2024
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Ingår i: HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY. - 0198-8859 .- 1879-1166. ; 85:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humoral immunity emerges as a risk factor for graft failure after visceral transplantation (VTx) and development of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSAs) has been linked with poor outcomes. In most cases, a simultaneous liver transplant can be safely performed in sensitized patients with DSA and appears protective against lymphocytotoxic antibodies. We investigated the incidence of acute (AR) and chronic rejection (CR) in 32 VTx without any B cell-depleting pre-treatment (6 isolated intestinal transplants (IT) and 26 liver-containing, multivisceral transplants (MVT) and assessed the presence of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) pre- and posttransplantation. Twenty-one patients (65 %) developed AR, 15 (57 %) of the MVT and 6 (100 %) of the IT (p = 0.05). CR occurred in 4 IT (60 %, p < 0.001). At one month, de novo DSA were present in 71 % of VTx (66 % MVT vs 100 % IT, p = 0.09). At the last available follow-up, 69 % of the MVT and 50 % of the IT patients were DSA-free. De novo DSA seemed more persistent (7/19, 37 %) than pre-Tx DSA (1/6, 17 %; p = n.s.), de novo DSA were more frequently specific for HLA class II than class I, 16/19 (84 %) vs. 7/19 (37 %; p = 0.003), and HLA-DQ was their most frequent target HLA. DQ mismatches appeared to be a risk factor for developing de novo DSA. In conclusion, liver-containing visceral allografts have superior shortand long-term outcomes compared with liver-free allografts. De novo DSA develop early and frequently after VTx performed without B cell-depleting induction therapy, but the exact role of DSA in the pathogenesis of rejection remains unclear.
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| 2. |
- Ellegård, Rada, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Complement-Opsonized HIV-1 Alters Cross Talk Between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer (NK) Cells to Inhibit NK Killing and to Upregulate PD-1, CXCR3, and CCR4 on T Cells
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-3224. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells play critical roles during primary HIV-1 exposure at the mucosa, where the viral particles become coated with complement fragments and mucosa-associated antibodies. The microenvironment together with subsequent interactions between these cells and HIV at the mucosal site of infection will determine the quality of immune response that ensues adaptive activation. Here, we investigated how complement and immunoglobulin opsonization influences the responses triggered in DCs and NK cells, how this affects their cross talk, and what T cell phenotypes are induced to expand following the interaction. Our results showed that DCs exposed to complement-opsonized HIV (C-HIV) were less mature and had a poor ability to trigger IFN-driven NK cell activation. In addition, when the DCs were exposed to C-HIV, the cytotolytic potentials of both NK cells and CD8 T cells were markedly suppressed. The expression of PD-1 as well as co-expression of negative immune checkpoints TIM-3 and LAG-3 on PD-1 positive cells were increased on both CD4 as well as CD8 T cells upon interaction with and priming by NK-DC cross talk cultures exposed to C-HIV. In addition, stimulation by NK-DC cross talk cultures exposed to C-HIV led to the upregulation of CD38, CXCR3, and CCR4 on T cells. Together, the immune modulation induced during the presence of complement on viral surfaces is likely to favor HIV establishment, dissemination, and viral pathogenesis.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lind, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Jakt på papperslösa gör oss till en polisstat
- 2016
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - : Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :2016-10-04
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Regeringen föreslår nio åtgärder för att hitta och utvisa papperslösa. Det kommer att slå hårt och främst gå ut över redan svaga och jagade människor. Vi uppmanar därför regeringen att ta tillbaka åtgärderna, skriver 43 forskare.
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| 5. |
- Polischouk, Anya G., et al.
(författare)
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The antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine inhibits DNA repair and sensitizes non-small cell lung carcinoma cells to DNA double-strand break-induced cell death
- 2007
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. - 1535-7163 .- 1538-8514. ; 6:8, s. 2303-2309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trifluoperazine (TFP), a member of the phenothiazine class of antipsychotic drugs, has been shown to augment the cytotoxicity of the DNA-damaging agent bleomycin. In the present study, we investigated the effect of trifluoperazine on (a) survival of bleomycin-treated human non-small cell lung carcinoma U1810 cells, (b) induction and repair of bleomycin-induced DNA strand breaks, and (c) nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), the major DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway in mammalian cells. By using a clonogenic survival assay, we show here that concomitant administration of trifluoperazine at a subtoxic concentration enhances the cytotoxicity of bleomycin. Moreover, trifluoperazine also increases the longevity of bleomycin-induced DNA strand breaks in U1810 cells, as shown by both comet assay and fraction of activity released (FAR)-assay. This action seems to be related to suppression of cellular DNA DSB repair activities because NHEJ-mediated rejoining of DSBs occurs with significantly lower efficiency in the presence of trifluoperazine. We propose that TFP might be capable of inhibiting one or more elements of the DNA DSB repair machinery, thereby increasing the cytotoxicity of bleomycin in lung cancer cells.
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| 6. |
- Röstlinger, Annie, et al.
(författare)
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Rätt riktning med Skolkompassen? : En studie av en lärplattforms användning i gymnasieskolan i Jönköping
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En FoU-studie har genomförts av användning av en lärplattform (kallad Skolkompassen) i kommunala gymnasieskolor i Jönköpings kommun. Studien har föranletts av kommunens 1:1-införande, dvs en bärbar dator till varje elev. FoU-studien har utförts genom intervjuer av elever, lärare och annan skolpersonal, observationer av lärares användning av Skolkompassen, granskning av Skolkompassen samt granskning av olika dokument (främst mål-/styrdokument). Rapporten innehåller beskrivning av omfattande empiri samt redovisning av olika typer av utvärderingar av Skolkompassen och dess användning. Följande utvärderingar har genomförts: 1) fri/öppen utvärdering av lärares användning av Skolkompassen; 2) målbaserad utvärdering, där olika mål kritiskt har granskats samt jämförts med faktisk IT-användning; 3) kriteriebaserad utvärdering, där IT-användningen har värderats utifrån ett antal generella kvalitetskriterier; 4) omvärldsrelaterad utvärdering där kommunens 1:1-införande har ställts mot känd omvärldskunskap (befintlig litteratur); 5) sammanfattande analys (teoretiserande utvärdering) med klargörande av styrkor och problem strukturerade i orsaks-/effektmönster samt generering av abstrakta analyskategorier för en fördjupad begreppsförståelse. I rapporten analyseras och diskuteras läradministrativ kommunikation vs. kommunikation i direkta lärprocesser i relation till befintligt IT-system. Fokus i aktuell IT-användning förefaller ligga på läradministrativ kommunikation. Användning av Skolkompassen är dock begränsad hos både lärare och elever, en djupgående analys av orsaker till detta redovisas. Rapporten avslutas med en diskussion om möjliga vägar framåt för Jönköpings kommun vad gäller IT-användning i skolan.
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