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| 2. |
- Andersdotter, AnnSofi, 1941-
(författare)
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Det mörka våldet : Spåren av en subjektsprocess i Kerstin Ekmans författarskap
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines the writings of Kerstin Ekman and focuses on twelve of her works. The first is her debut novel 30 meter mord (1959), a detective novel, and the last Knivkastarens kvinna, an epic-lyric story in verse, published in 1990 though written 1984. The works of Kerstin Ekman are of great significance in many respects: one is their concentration on the development of modern society and the place of women in it. At the same time a dark vein of violence can be discerned running through all her writing from the start. The persistent nature of this violence and the field of tension between that motif and the theme of female vulnerability and strength contain psychoanalytical processes from which a subject in process can be analysed, the main aim of this thesis.The basis of my analysis is both Kristeva’s theory of “sujet en procès”, as presented in Pouvoirs de l’horreur, Histoires d’amour and Soleil noir, and her theories of literature and metaphor. In the early development of the subject Kristeva distinguishes three significant registers: abjection, narcissism and melancholia. Abjection is our most primitive attempt to separate ourselves from the mother by rejecting her, while narcissism is a concept of idealisation of an imaginary father. The idealisation and identification with this father works with abjection towards the essential break from the mother symbiosis. If this break is not fully carried through, the ego can be trapped in melancholia, but abjection and idealisation can be repeated and later carried through in other ways by sublimation in artistic form and poetical language. The literary text, seen in this perspective, is the trace of a renewed subject process.“The empty room” is shown to be an important recurrent metaphor in the written oeuvre. This metaphor is analysed as a trace of a lingering mother symbiosis, also shown by the fact that abjection and melancholia are expressed in the texts. Gradually melancholia becomes more prominent along with the appearance of masochism. A fundamental change in the subject process is discerned in Knivkastarens kvinna, where a break from mother symbiosis can be analysed. The violence running through the œuvre concerns this need for matricide, first performed in Knivkastarens kvinna.
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- Axelsson, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of combined caries-preventive methods: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 62:3, s. 163-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the caries-preventive effect of combined caries-preventive methods, defined as two or more different interventions in combination, each expected to prevent dental caries. The Medline database was searched for articles published in the period January 1966 to June 2003. Twenty-four controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, and their value as evidence was assessed according to predetermined criteria. The level of evidence for the overall conclusion regarding each method was graded according to the protocol of the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. The scientific evidence for the combination of treatments involving fluoride that had a preventive effect on caries in children and adolescents was graded as moderate. However, for elderly patients the scientific evidence for the caries-preventive effect of different combinations of treatments was found to be incomplete. No conclusion could be drawn regarding the evidence for combinations of treatments being effective for groups at high caries risk, as the results from the identified clinical studies were conflicting.
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- Brännström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Children's Subjective Ratings and Opinions of Typical and Dysphonic Voice After Performing a Language Comprehension Task in Background Noise.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Voice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4588 .- 0892-1997. ; 29:5, s. 624-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Previous studies suggest that dysphonic voices are perceived more negatively than typical voices, and it is possible that vocal perception influences academic achievement and comprehension. This study assessed children's subjective ratings and opinions of a typical and dysphonic voice after performing a language comprehension task in background noise. It also explored if subjective ratings were related to performance in the comprehension task. Study Design Ninety-three 8-year-old children participated and were randomly allocated to two groups. Methods A digital version of the Test for Reception of Grammar, version 2 (TROG-2) was used. In TROG-2, the child listens to a sentence and then, out of four possible pictures, selects the picture that corresponds to the sentence content. Each sentence assesses a specific grammatical construction. Test instructions were recorded using one speaker with two different voice qualities (typical voice and provoked dysphonic voice). One group of children performed TROG-2 with the typical voice and the other with the dysphonic voice, both presented in a multitalker babble noise using earphones. All children rated their subjective perception of the voice. Results The dysphonic voice received poorer ratings than the typical voice. Children making more positive ratings of the voice performed better on earlier blocks in TROG-2, but only in the typical voice group. Conclusions Children perceived the dysphonic voice more negatively even when listening to the same speaker. Performance is related to the perception of the voice, but only when the perceptual load of the task-relevant stimuli is sufficiently low.
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- Edberg, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Mobilization of metals from uranium mine waste : the role of pyoverdines produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens
- 2010
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Ingår i: Geobiology. - : Wiley. - 1472-4677 .- 1472-4669. ; 8:4, s. 278-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microorganisms produce chelating agents, such as siderophores and other ligands, which allow them to mobilize and scavenge essential elements from the environment when bioavailability is low. To better understand the effects of biologically mediated leaching of metals from mine waste, Pseudomonas fluorescens was cultivated in the presence of processed ore from the former uranium mine in Ranstad, southern Sweden. Light conditions, the concentration of the mineral source and oxygen availability were varied. The presence of ore in the culture flasks enhanced bacterial growth and raised the pH of the culture medium. Increasing the amount of ore or enhancing aeration of the medium further encouraged cell growth and pH rise. Bacteria mobilized Fe, Ni and Co from the ore. Fe-siderophore complexes were detected and estimated to be present at approximately 9 μm. In the presence of bacteria and light, dissolved Fe and U concentrations were higher compared to dark conditions. Increasing the amount of ore resulted in higher dissolved Ni concentrations but lower dissolved Fe, most likely due to precipitate formation. Data from this study support siderophore production by bacteria that allowed mobilization of essential nutrients from the processed ore. However, the availability of potentially toxic metals like Ni and U may also be enhanced. Microbial-promoted mobilization could contribute to leaching of toxic metals in current and historic mining areas. This process should be considered during design and implementation of remediation projects where trace metals are of environmental concern.
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- Erlandsson, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Studies of the interactions between the anticytokeratin 8 monoclonal antibody TS1, its antigen and its anti-idiotypic antibody αTS1
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Recognition. - : Wiley. - 0952-3499 .- 1099-1352. ; 16:3, s. 157-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The monoclonal antibody TS1 against cytokeratin 8 and its antiidiotype αTS1 have been used for immunotargeting and therapy of carcinomas in experimental tumor model systems. The interaction surfaces between mab TS1, the cytokeratin 8 epitope, and its anti-idiotypic antibody, αTS1, were studied in detail in order to make future veneering of the interactions possible. The V-genes of TS1 and αTS1 were cloned and sequenced and the CDRs and the framework residues were identified. Amino acids participating in the interactions were identified following chemical modifications of residues in non-protected and protected molecules of cytokeratin 8, αTS1 and TS1. From the sequences, the three-dimensional structures were generated using computer modelling of the antibody variable regions. Several charged amino acid, histidine and tyrosine residues were displayed in the antibody surfaces implicated in the interactions and chemical modification confirmed the importance of these amino acids. The cytokeratin 8 epitope has previously been identified by Johansson et al. and it displays negatively charged amino acid residues which could be identified in the chemical modification. It was also revealed that the TS1 binding to cytokeratin 8 and αTS1 respectively are partly overlapping; a histidine identified in TS1 is probably involved only in the interaction with αTS1. Furthermore, the chemical modification demonstrated that exchanging aspartic–glutamic acids to asparagine–glutamine residues in TS1 increased the binding of TS1 to cytokeratin 8, indicating that there is at least one acidic amino acid that is an obstacle in the TS1–CK8 binding. The detailed assembly of the interaction surfaces will facilitate the future use of site directed mutagenesis to improve the TS1–CK8 association rate and the clearing of TS1 with αTS1 in vivo.
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| 9. |
- Fagerström Kareld, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Uppföljningsmodell för gemensam informationsstruktur
- 2015
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Den nationella e-hälsostrategin betonar vikten av god informationsförsörjning. Den gemensamma informationsstrukturen för vård och omsorg bidrar till strategin genom att skapa förutsättningar för strukturerad dokumentation, beslutsstöd och e-tjänster. Nyttoeffekterna förutsätter emellertid att kommuner och landsting använder resurserna i den gemensamma informationsstrukturen. För att få kunskap om huvudmännens användning utvecklade Socialstyrelsen en uppföljningsmodell 2013. Uppföljningsmodellen har nu vidareutvecklats och konkretiserats i ett projekt under hösten 2014 och våren 2015. Syftet har varit att skapa en konkretiserad, tydligt beskriven och användbar uppföljningsmodell. Modellen består av två delar utformade för att undersöka grad av införande samt uppnådd nytta. Modelldelen grad av införande undersöker implementeringen av den gemensamma informationsstrukturen hos en huvudman. Den andra modelldelen, uppnådd nytta, studerar faktiskt uppnådd nytta för en person/roll i en given verksamhetssituation. Utgångspunkten är att ökande grad av införande påverkar uppnådd nytta positivt. Sambandet mellan de båda delarna gör modellen till en meningsfull helhet. De två modelldelarna är i övrigt avsedda att användas separat. En undersökning för att fastställa grad av införande genomförs med hjälp av ett antal implementeringsindikatorer. Indikatorerna har identifierats inom fem områden i en implementeringsmodell: styrning, uppbyggnad, organisering, användning och resultat. Områdena illustrerar vad som behöver göras för att implementeringen ska starta och utvecklas. De omfattar även beslut och effekter som uppstår i verksamheten till följd av implementeringen. Grad av införande fastställs genom att undersökningsresultaten matchas mot fem fördefinierade implementeringsnivåer som beskriver olika stadier eller tillstånd i införandet. Med detta tillvägagångssätt synliggörs den pågående implementeringen så att nya möjliga steg i implementeringsarbetet kan identifieras. Utgångspunkten för datainsamling i modelldelen uppnådd nytta är en verksamhetssituation inom vård och omsorg, där arbetsuppgifter med inriktning mot att tillgodose ett eller flera mål genomförs. I verksamhetssituationen undersöks möjligheterna att genomföra önskade arbetsuppgifter effektivt med avseende på dokumentationsmöjligheter och tillgång till information. Verksamhetssituationer kan exempelvis handla om att skaffa överblick över en patient/brukares historik inom vård och omsorg, att dokumentera en åtgärd/insats, att ta emot/överlämna patienter mellan olika vårdenheter eller att följa upp en grupp patienters/brukares process. En undersökt verksamhetssituation analyseras relativt förväntade effekter av den gemensamma informationsstrukturen. Genom att studera verksamhetssituationer över tid kan utvecklingen av uppnådd nytta följas.
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| 10. |
- Foti, M., et al.
(författare)
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P56Lck anchors CD4 to distinct microdomains on microvilli
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 99:4, s. 2008-2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-surface microvilli play a central role in adhesion, fusion, and signaling processes. Some adhesion and signaling receptors segregate on microvilli but the determinants of this localization remain mostly unknown. In this study, we considered CD4, a receptor involved in immune response and HIV infection, and p56Lck, a CD4-associated tyrosine kinase. Analysis of CD4 trafficking reveals that p56Lck binds tightly to CD4 independently of its activation state and inhibits CD4 internalization. Electron microscopy analysis established that p56Lck mediates CD4 association with microvilli whereas biochemical data indicate that p56Lck expression renders CD4 insoluble by the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. In addition, cytoskeleton-disrupting agent increased CD4 solubility, suggesting the involvement of cytoskeletal elements in CD4 anchoring to microvilli. This concept was supported further by the observation that the lateral mobility of CD4 within the plasma membrane was decreased in cells expressing p56Lck. Finally, isolation of detergent-resistant membranes revealed that the complex CD4-p56Lck is enriched within these domains as opposed to conditions in which CD4 does not interact with p56Lck. In conclusion, our results show that p56Lck targets CD4 to specialized lipid microdomains preferentially localized on microvilli. This localization, which prevents CD4 internalization, might facilitate CD4-mediated adhesion processes and could correspond to the signaling site of the receptor.
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