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| 2. |
- Gotfredsen, Klaus, et al.
(författare)
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Implants and/or teeth: consensus statements and recommendations.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of oral rehabilitation. - : Wiley. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 35:Suppl 1, s. 2-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In August 23-25, 2007, the Scandinavian Society for Prosthetic Dentistry in collaboration with the Danish Society of Oral Implantology arranged a consensus conference on the topic 'Implants and/or teeth'. It was preceded by a workshop in which eight focused questions were raised and answered in eight review articles using a systematic approach. Twenty-eight academicians and clinicians discussed the eight review papers with the purpose to reach consensus on questions relevant for the topic. At the conference the consensus statements were presented as well as lectures based on the review articles. In this article the methods used at the consensus workshop are briefly described followed by the statements with comments.
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| 3. |
- Skovbjerg, Susann, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Spray bacteriotherapy decreases middle ear fluid in children with secretory otitis media.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Archives of disease in childhood. - : BMJ. - 1468-2044 .- 0003-9888. ; 94:2, s. 92-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Secretory otitis media (SOM) is characterized by persistent fluid in the middle ear cavity, but the cause is unknown. We investigated clinical, bacteriological and immunological effects of treatment with probiotic bacteria on SOM. DESIGN: In this double blind, pilot/premlininary study, 60 children with long-standing SOM (median 6 months) who were scheduled for insertion of tympanostomy tubes were randomized to nasal spray treatment with Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus or placebo for 10 days before surgery. Clinical evaluation was made after 10 days of treatment. Middle ear fluid (MEF) was collected during surgery for quantification of cytokines and detection of bacteria by culture and PCR. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained before treatment and at surgery. RESULTS: Complete or significant clinical recovery occurred in 7/19 patients treated with S. sanguinis compared to 1/17 patient in the placebo group (p<0.05). In the L. rhamnosus treatment group 3/18 patients were cured or much better (p=0.60 compared with placebo). Spray treatment did not alter the composition of the nasopharyngeal flora, or the cytokine pattern observed in the nasopharynx or MEF, except a higher level of IL-8 in nasopharynx of L. rhamnosus treated children. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that spray treatment with S. sanguis may be effective against SOM. The mechanism for the effect remains to be investigated.
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| 4. |
- Christensen, Ib Thrane, et al.
(författare)
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Olfactory testing in consecutive patients referred with suspected dementia.
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and early and accurate diagnosis is important. Olfactory dysfunction is an early sign of AD. The contribution by test of olfactory function has been surveyed in AD vs a line of conditions but remains to be settled in the workup of unselected patients referred with suspected dementia.METHODS: We performed a two-step investigation: first, a comparative study of healthy controls and probable AD patients to test the applicability of the chosen scents (cuisine study); second, a study of consecutive patients referred to our geriatric outpatient clinic for suspected dementia with the investigating personnel blinded to the results of the Olfactory Test (blinded study).RESULTS: The sum of scents detected discriminated patients with probable AD from controls in the cuisine study (n = 40; p < 0.001; area under ROC curve 0.94). In the blinded study (n = 50) the diagnosis was probable AD in 48%, minimal cognitive impairment in 24%, vascular dementia in 8%, alcohol induced impairment in 12%, depression in 4%, and Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia in 2%. Area under the ROC-curve was 0.67. The odds ratio for probable AD with 2+ smell errors was 12 (95%-CI: 1.3-101; p = 0.026 (reference 0-1 smell errors)) age adjusted. None in the AD group had zero smell errors (Negative Predictive Value 100%).CONCLUSION: Olfactory testing may support to dismiss the diagnosis of probable AD in the workup of a mixed group of patients referred with cognitive impairment. Still, it had a low sensitivity for probable AD.
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| 6. |
- Granlund, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Stomatococcus mucilaginosus septicemia in leukemic patients.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - 1469-0691. ; 2:3, s. 179-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To report an unexpectedly high number of cases of septicemia with Stomatococcus mucilaginosus, and try to identify predisposing factors. METHODS: All blood cultures obtained during 1991--93 from patients treated at the hematologic ward were bacteriologically identified. The medical records of patients with S. mucilaginosus-positive blood cultures were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of S. mucilaginosus were tested. RESULTS: S. mucilaginosus blood isolates from patients with hematologic malignancies were found to be as common as isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Eleven patients with myelogenous leukemia and isolation of S. mucilaginosus from the blood are reported on. One patient had concomitant meningitis. All patients were neutropenic and most had oral mucositis and had been given ciprofloxacin prophylaxis. S. mucilaginosus isolates from these patients were resistant to ciprofloxacin in contrast to isolates from patients who had received other prophylactic regimens and seven isolates found in healthy individuals not recently treated with antibiotics. The resistant S. mucilaginosus were found to be of diverse genetic origin as determined by RFLP. CONCLUSIONS: The appearance of resistant strains during ciprofloxacin prophylaxis may be a predisposing factor for S. mucilaginosus septicemia. There was no evidence of a nosocomial spread of S. mucilaginosus strains.
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| 7. |
- Skovbjerg, Susann, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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High cytokine levels in perforated acute otitis media exudates containing live bacteria
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical microbiology and infection. - : Elsevier BV. - 1469-0691 .- 1198-743X. ; 16:9, s. 1382-1388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute otitis media (AOM) is an inflammatory response to microbes in the middle ear, sometimes associated with rupture of the tympanic membrane. Human leukocytes produce different patterns of inflammatory mediators in vitro when stimulated with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Here, we investigated the cytokine and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) responses in middle ear fluids (MEFs) from children with spontaneous perforated AOM and related the levels to the presence of pathogens detected by culture (live) or PCR (live or dead). Furthermore, in vivo cytokine pattern was compared with that induced in leukocytes stimulated by dead bacteria in vitro. MEFs with culturable pathogenic bacteria contained more IL-1beta (median 110 vs <7.5 ng/ml), TNF (6.3 vs <2.5 ng/ml), IL-8 (410 vs 38 ng/ml), and IL-10 (0.48 vs <0.30 ng/ml), than culture negative fluids, irrespective of PCR findings. IL-6 and PGE(2) were equally abundant (69-110 ng/ml) in effusions with live, dead or undetectable bacteria. Cytokine levels were unrelated to bacterial species and to the presence or absence of virus. Similar levels of TNF and IL-6 as found in the MEFs were obtained by in vitro stimulation of leukocytes, while 11x more IL-1beta and 3.5x more IL-8 was produced in vivo, and 22x more IL-10 was produced in vitro. A vigorous production of pro-inflammatory cytokines accompany AOM with membrane rupture regardless of causative agent, but the production seems to cease rapidly once the bacteria are killed and fragmented. IL-6 and PGE(2), however, remain after bacterial disintegration and may play a role in the resolution phase.
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| 8. |
- Skovbjerg, Susann, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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High Cytokine Levels in Tonsillitis Secretions Regardless of Presence of Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1079-9907 .- 1557-7465. ; 35:9, s. 682-689
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute pharyngotonsillitis denotes tonsillar inflammation caused by bacteria or viruses. Here, we investigated if beta-hemolytic streptococci (beta-HS) tonsillitis would differ in inflammatory mediator response from tonsillitis of other causes. Tonsillar secretions were obtained from 36 acute pharyngotonsillitis patients and 16 controls. Bacteria were cultured quantitatively and 18 different viruses were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Almost half of the patients' tonsillar secretions yielded high counts of beta-HS, and most samples contained viruses, irrespective of whether beta-HS were present or not. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was the most common virus (patients 62% and controls 13%). Compared to controls, patients' secretions had higher levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and PGE(2), while few samples contained IL-12, IL-10, or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The presence of beta-HS in tonsillitis secretions could not be distinguished by any of the measured mediators, while the presence of EBV DNA tended to be associated with enhanced levels of IL-1 beta and IL-8. The results suggest a common inflammatory response in acute pharyngotonsillitis, regardless of causative agent. The suggested correlation between intense inflammation and the presence of EBV DNA in tonsillitis secretions may be due to reactivation of the virus and/or the EBV-containing B cells.
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