| 1. |
- Alstad, Torgny, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of carbohydrate intake--a study of typology, associations and changes over time in an elderly Swedish population.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The journal of nutrition, health & aging. - 1279-7707. ; 10:5, s. 401-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patterns may explain part of the dietary variation between subjects. OBJECTIVE: To create a typology of carbohydrate intake among the elderly and to analyse whether it seems valuable or not. DESIGN: Factor and cluster-analyses of dietary interviews from two elderly cohorts of free-living elderly people in Göteborg, Sweden. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and thirty seven women and three hundred and twenty three men aged 70-79 was studied cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The altogether 917 dietary interviews were based on the dietary history method. Cluster analysis, based on factor scores, was used to create the typology. RESULTS: Seven clusters were identified: 1) Small eaters (high relative intake of starch and a low energy intake), 2) Lean and green eaters (high intake of dietary fibre), 3) Fruit eaters (high intake of monosaccharides), 4) Sweet tooth eaters (high intake of sucrose), 5) Gourmands (high absolute intake of starch, dietary fibre and energy), 6) Milk drinkers (high intake of lactose) and 7) Fat eaters (high intake of fat and low intake of carbohydrates). The different patterns were associated with different food consumption, different intake of micronutrients and different social and physiological factors. There were also changes over time of the proportion of subject within the clusters. CONCLUSIONS: The typology found by using cluster analysis, seems to be valid and was related to all analysed dimensions. Therefore, the methods may be valuable for describing and analysing the dietary intake among elderly.
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| 2. |
- Bhatt, Deepak L., et al.
(författare)
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Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the effect of ticagrelor on health outcomes in diabetes mellitus patients Intervention study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Cardiology. - : Wiley. - 0160-9289 .- 1932-8737. ; 42:5, s. 498-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the setting of prior myocardial infarction, the oral antiplatelet ticagrelor added to aspirin reduced the risk of recurrent ischemic events, especially, in those with diabetes mellitus. Patients with stable coronary disease and diabetes are also at elevated risk and might benefit from dual antiplatelet therapy. The Effect of Ticagrelor on Health Outcomes in diabEtes Mellitus patients Intervention Study (THEMIS, NCT01991795) is a Phase 3b randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of ticagrelor vs placebo, on top of low dose aspirin. Patients >= 50 years with type 2 diabetes receiving anti-diabetic medications for at least 6 months with stable coronary artery disease as determined by a history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention, bypass grafting, or angiographic stenosis of >= 50% of at least one coronary artery were enrolled. Patients with known prior myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke were excluded. The primary efficacy endpoint is a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The primary safety endpoint is Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction major bleeding. A total of 19 220 patients worldwide have been randomized and at least 1385 adjudicated primary efficacy endpoint events are expected to be available for analysis, with an expected average follow-up of 40 months (maximum 58 months). Most of the exposure is on a 60 mg twice daily dose, as the dose was lowered from 90 mg twice daily partway into the study. The results may revise the boundaries of efficacy for dual antiplatelet therapy and whether it has a role outside acute coronary syndromes, prior myocardial infarction, or percutaneous coronary intervention.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Elmlund, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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The cyclin-dependent kinase 8 module sterically blocks Mediator interactions with RNA polymerase II
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 103:43, s. 15788-15793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CDK8 (cyclin-dependent kinase 8), along with CycC, Med12, and Med13, form a repressive module (the Cdk8 module) that prevents RNA polymerase II (pol II) interactions with Mediator. Here, we report that the ability of the Cdk8 module to prevent pol II interactions is independent of the Cdk8-dependent kinase activity. We use electron microscopy and single-particle reconstruction to demonstrate that the Cdk8 module forms a distinct structural entity that binds to the head and middle region of Mediator, thereby sterically blocking interactions with pol II.
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| 5. |
- Galvan-Alvarez, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2/Keap1 in human skeletal muscle: Influence of age, sex, adiposity and aerobic fitness
- 2023
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Ingår i: Free Radical Biology & Medicine. - : Elsevier Inc.. - 0891-5849 .- 1873-4596. ; 209:Part 2, s. 282-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whether a higher aerobic fitness is associated with increased expression of antioxidant enzymes and their regulatory factors in skeletal muscle remains unknown. Although oestrogens could promote a higher antioxidant capacity in females, it remains unknown whether a sex dimorphism exists in humans regarding the antioxidant capacity of skeletal muscle. Thus, the aim was to determine the protein expression levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) and their regulatory factors Nrf2 and Keap1 in 189 volunteers (120 males and 69 females) to establish whether sex differences exist and how age, VO2max and adiposity influence these. For this purpose, vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained in all participants under resting and unstressed conditions. No significant sex differences in Nrf2, Keap1, SOD1, SOD2, catalase and GR protein expression levels were observed after accounting for VO2max, age and adiposity differences. Multiple regression analysis indicates that the VO2max in mL.kg LLM−1.min−1can be predicted from the levels of SOD2, Total Nrf2 and Keap1 (R = 0.58, P < 0.001), with SOD2 being the main predictor explaining 28 % of variance in VO2max, while Nrf2 and Keap1 explained each around 3 % of the variance. SOD1 protein expression increased with ageing in the whole group after accounting for differences in VO2max and body fat percentage. Overweight and obesity were associated with increased pSer40-Nrf2, pSer40-Nrf2/Total Nrf2 ratio and SOD1 protein expression levels after accounting for differences in age and VO2max. Overall, at the population level, higher aerobic fitness is associated with increased basal expression of muscle antioxidant enzymes, which may explain some of the benefits of regular exercise.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Holmberg, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Better Support for User Participation Using Business Rules Approach?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information Systems Development. Business Systems and Services: Modeling and Development.. - New York, NY : Springer New York. - 9781441997906 ; , s. 297-308
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- User participation in requirement analysis (RA) is necessary for IS quality and user acceptance. A prerequisite for meaningful user participation is that the coming users also understand the requirements. This understanding is made difficult by abstract and “technical” modelling languages and notations which require learning and experience. The Business Rules Approach (BRA) builds on a notion of Business Rules (BR) formulated in natural language sentences aimed at the business audience; hence BRA should make user participation easy. This is tested in a workshop with a vaccination expert (VE) in a project on designing a BR oriented, digital service for health care workers (HCWs). The results indicate that natural language BRs in RA really are easily understood and intuitive for the VE and that quality checking BRs requires no special learning.
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| 8. |
- Holmberg, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Better Support for User Participation using Business Rules Approach?
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- User participation in requirement analysis (RA) is necessary for IS quality and user acceptance. A prerequisite for meaningful user participation is that the coming users also understand the requirements. This understanding is made difficult by abstract and “technical” modelling languages and notations which require learning and experience. The Business Rules Approach (BRA) builds on a notion of Business Rules (BR) formulated in natural language sentences aimed at the business audience; hence BRA should make user participation easy. This is tested in a workshop with a vaccination expert (VE) in a project on designing a BR oriented, digital service for health care workers (HCWs). The results indicate that natural language BRs in RA really are easily understood and intuitive for the VE and that quality checking BRs requires no special learning.
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| 9. |
- Holmberg, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Business Process and Business Rules Modelling In Concert for e-Service Design and Business Alignment
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business Rules (BR) and Business Processes (BP) are essential pillars in any Business Information System (BIS) and important areas of BIS design (BISD). Historically, BRs have been overlooked as a part of BISD. The Business Rules Approach (BRA) focuses on concepts and methods to remedy the neglected BR design and management. BRs in this perspective are stateless and concerned with the “what” of a business and are associated with the operational decision logic. A concurrent approach is BP management and modelling (BPM), focusing on workflows and the “how” of a business. Thus, BPs are associated with the operational process logic. Ideally, BRs and BPs should be kept as separate services. However, BRs and BPs are interrelated and should be designed in parallel. In this paper, we argue for why and how this is important with an example from a major development and research project called VacSam. The parallel design of BRs and BPs of the VacSam digital service revealed that stateful events and activities captured in BP modelling had profound influence on stateless conditions in the BRs. Hence, without BP modelling that would not have been revealed and implicated the design of the Business Rules Centric Digital Service VacSam.
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| 10. |
- Holmberg, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Business Rules Friendly or not so Business Rules Friendly Business Concepts Modelling - Early Experiences from a Business Rules Project on a Digital Vaccination Recommendation Service
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- WHO estimated in 2002 that 1.4 million children in the world would die from preventable diseases (World Health Organization, 2010). Each child is, or should be, immunized according to their national immunization schedule, which regulates i.e. vaccines and doses. Problems emerge when immigrant children should be transferred from one national vaccination schedule into another. This problem is quite evident in Sweden (Statistics Sweden, 2010). Vaccination practitioners have a hard time figuring out how to immunize an immigrant child. As a remedy for this situation, the VacSam project develops a Business Rules (BR) centric digital service through principles of (BR Approach), for providing unique vaccination recommendations. The service is designed using a commercial BRMS (BR Management Systems), which require a business concepts model. Thus, the paper presents early findings on how a business concepts model could be designed more or less BR-friendly. We have discovered, by designing, that a rigid, relational model approach is not BR-friendly. Instead, the concepts model should be de-signed to provide rule clarity and understandability. Thus, we draw the conclusion that a con-cepts model designed for persistent data storing, favouring a good quality relational model, is not rule friendly.
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