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- Nilsson, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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How do biota respond to additional physical restoration of restored streams?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ecosystems (New York. Print). - : Springer. - 1432-9840 .- 1435-0629. ; 20:1, s. 144-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Restoration of channelized streams by returning coarse sediment from stream edges to the wetted channel has become a common practice in Sweden. Yet, restoration activities do not always result in the return of desired biota. This study evaluated a restoration project in the Vindel River in northern Sweden in which practitioners further increased channel complexity of previously restored stream reaches by placing very large boulders (> 1 m), trees (> 8 m), and salmonid spawning gravel from adjacent upland areas into the channels. One reach restored with basic methods and another with enhanced methods were selected in each of ten different tributaries to the main channel. Geomorphic and hydraulic complexity was enhanced but the chemical composition of riparian soils and the communities of riparian plants and fish did not exhibit any clear responses to the enhanced restoration measures during the first 5 years compared to reaches restored with basic restoration methods. The variation in the collected data was among streams instead of between types of restored reaches. We conclude that restoration is a disturbance in itself, that immigration potential varies across landscapes, and that biotic recovery processes in boreal river systems are slow. We suggest that enhanced restoration has to apply a catchment-scale approach accounting for connectivity and availability of source populations, and that low-intensity monitoring has to be performed over several decades to evaluate restoration outcomes.
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- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Relations between elemental content in till, mineralogy of till and bedrock mineralogy in the province of Småland, southern Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061. ; 136:3-4, s. 643-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information on soil mineralogy is essential for weathering rate calculations. Quantitative mineralogical analyses are expensive and time-consuming, and thus indirect methods of determining the mineralogical composition are important, for example estimating the composition based on the elemental content in till (total concentrations), or based on information about the underlying bedrock. The mineralogical composition and the elemental content in till were analysed in two areas in southern Sweden, at 10 sites in each area. There were significant differences between the areas regarding both elemental content and optically determined mineralogy. The content of calcium was significantly higher in one area, 5ESV, and there were tendencies in this direction also for magnesium and iron. The potassium content was significantly higher in the other area, 6FNV. The variation in soil chemistry between the areas can be explained by higher contents of the minerals biotite, homblende and epidote in the first area (5ESV) and higher contents of K-feldspar in the second (6FNV). Normative mineralogy was determined based on the elemental content. A comparison between the normative mineralogy and the optically determined mineralogy showed great similarities which indicates that there is good potential for using elemental content for estimating the mineralogical composition. The difference in till composition between the areas could not be explained by the underlying bedrock, which indicates that the information available on the bedrock is not sufficient for estimation of the till mineralogical composition.
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- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Scaling and Mapping Regional Calculations of Soil Chemical Weathering Rates in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus. - 1573-2940. ; 4:2-3, s. 671-681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weathering rates of base cations are crucial in critical load calculations and assessments of sustainable forestry. The weathering rate on a single site with detailed geological data can be modelled using the PROFILE model. For environmental assessments on a regional scale, the weathering rates for sites are scaled into regional maps. The step from sites to regional level requires focus on the spatial variation of weathering rates. In this paper, a method is presented by which weathering rates are calculated for 25589 Swedish sites with total elemental analysis for the soil. Based on a part of the results, a methodology for creating area covering maps by geostatistical analysis and kriging is described. A normative reconstruction model was used to transform total elemental analysis to mineralogy. Information from the Swedish Forest Inventory database and other databases were used to derive texture and other important information for the sites, e.g. climate, deposition and vegetation data. The calculated weathering rates show a regional pattern that indicates possibilities for interpolation of data in large parts of Sweden. Geostatistical analysis of an area in southern Sweden shows different properties for different base cations. Kriging was performed for potassium to demonstrate the method. It was concluded that different base cations and different regions have to be analysed separately, in order to optimise the kriging method.
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- Bladh, Daniel, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Undervisning och lärande för hållbarhet i högre utbildning : Rapport om ett utvecklingsarbete med några praktiska exempel
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I högre utbildning ligger kurs- och programplaner till grund för undervisningen som organiseras och bedrivs (Biggs, 2003; Whetten, 2007), inte minst eftersom det är i dessa som lärandemål stipuleras – alltså vilket lärande undervisningen ämnar bidra till. Vad som formuleras som ett lärandemål, samt hur lärandemål är formulerade, är således helt centrala i formella utbildningssamhang såsom högre utbildning (se t.ex. Person m.fl., 2023). Att arbeta med hållbarhetsfrågor i undervisning på ett relevant och meningsfullt sätt förutsätter också pedagogisk skicklighet och didaktisk medvetenhet hos lärare (Vare, Lausselet & Rieckmann, 2022). Här krävs det stöd i form av resurser och utrymme för kompetensutveckling, exempelvis när det kommer till didaktiska val av innehåll och undervisningsmetoder (Person m.fl., 2023; Öhman & Sund, 2021).Mot denna bakgrund, är vårt syfte med denna rapport, att utifrån ett didaktiskt perspektiv, synliggöra undervisningens olika delar, deras sammanlänkning, samt de val som lärare kan och behöver göra för att stödja studenters lärande för hållbarhet. Vi gör detta på två vis. Dels presenterar vi ett enkelt stöd som vi tagit fram och använt oss av vid Avdelningen för pedagogik och vuxnas lärande i vårt arbete med hållbarhetsintegrering i relation till vårt utbildningsuppdrag. Den enkla modellen är inte ämnes- eller utbildningsnivåbunden, utan kan användas för att inventera, utvärdera och stärka arbetet med undervisning och lärande för hållbarhet i en bredd av utbildningssamhang. Vidare ger vi några exempel, där vi visar hur olika hållbarhetskompetenser kan inbegripas i lärandemål och vilka under-visningsmetoder som kan vara lämpliga. Genom att illustrera vårt angrepps-sätt med konkreta exempel hoppas vi kunna inspirera andra universitets-lärare i sitt praktiska arbete och bidra med verktyg som innebär att fler kan gräva där de står.Nedan redogör vi för de hållbarhetskompetenser som forskning om lärande för hållbarhet lyfter fram som avgörande för att svara på de hållbarhetskriser vi befinner oss i och står inför. Därefter beskriver vi vårt utvärderings- och utvecklingsarbete i projektet och ger fyra exempel på hur undervisning och lärande för hållbarhet kan operationaliseras i högre utbildning. Rapporten avslutas med en övergripande diskussion med basis i några lärdomar som vi gjort under vårt arbete med projektet och författandet av denna rapport.
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| 9. |
- Camsund, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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A HupS-GFP fusion protein demonstrates a heterocyst-specific localization of the uptake hydrogenase in Nostoc punctiforme
- 2011
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Letters. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0378-1097 .- 1574-6968. ; 316:2, s. 152-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All diazotrophic filamentous cyanobacteria contain an uptake hydrogenase that is involved in the reoxidation of H-2 produced during N-2-fixation. In Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133, N-2-fixation takes place in the microaerobic heterocysts, catalysed by a nitrogenase. Although the function of the uptake hydrogenase may be closely connected to that of nitrogenase, the localization in cyanobacteria has been under debate. Moreover, the subcellular localization is not understood. To investigate the cellular and subcellular localization of the uptake hydrogenase in N. punctiforme, a reporter construct consisting of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) translationally fused to HupS, within the complete hupSL operon, was constructed and transferred into N. punctiforme on a self-replicative vector by electroporation. Expression of the complete HupS-GFP fusion protein was confirmed by Western blotting using GFP antibodies. The N. punctiforme culture expressing HupS-GFP was examined using laser scanning confocal microscopy, and fluorescence was exclusively detected in the heterocysts. Furthermore, the fluorescence in mature heterocysts was localized to several small or fewer large clusters, which indicates a specificity of the subcellular localization of the uptake hydrogenase.
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| 10. |
- Cross, Michael J, et al.
(författare)
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The Shb Adaptor Protein Binds to Tyrosine 766 in the FGFR-1 and Regulatesthe Ras/MEK/MAPK Pathway via FRS2 Phosphorylation in Endothelial Cells
- 2002
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Ingår i: Molecular Biology of the Cell. - 1059-1524 .- 1939-4586. ; 13:8, s. 2881-2893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stimulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR-1) is known to result in phosphorylation of tyrosine 766 and the recruitment and subsequent activation of phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ). To assess the role of tyrosine 766 in endothelial cell function, we generated endothelial cells expressing a chimeric receptor, composed of the extracellular domain of the PDGF receptor-α and the intracellular domain of FGFR-1. Mutation of tyrosine 766 to phenylalanine prevented PLC-γ activation and resulted in a reduced phosphorylation of FRS2 and reduced activation of the Ras/MEK/MAPK pathway relative to the wild-type chimeric receptor. However, FGFR-1–mediated MAPK activation was not dependent on PKC activation or intracellular calcium, both downstream mediators of PLC-γ activation. We report that the adaptor protein Shb is also able to bind tyrosine 766 in the FGFR-1, via its SH2 domain, resulting in its subsequent phosphorylation. Overexpression of an SH2 domain mutant Shb caused a dramatic reduction in FGFR-1–mediated FRS2 phosphorylation with concomitant perturbment of the Ras/MEK/MAPK pathway. Expression of the chimeric receptor mutant and the Shb SH2 domain mutant resulted in a similar reduction in FGFR-1–mediated mitogenicity. We conclude, that Shb binds to tyrosine 766 in the FGFR-1 and regulates FGF-mediated mitogenicity via FRS2 phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of the Ras/MEK/MAPK pathway.
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