| 1. |
- Holmqvist Larsson, Mattias, 1977-
(författare)
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Rupture and Repair in the Working Alliance : Relation to Psychotherapy Outcome and Within-Session Interaction
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ruptures and repairs are processes related to shifts in the collaborative relationship Cthe working allianceJ between patient and therapist in psychotherapy. Ta study ruptures and repairs is one way ta disentangle mechanisms that might underlie the association between the working alliance and psychotherapy outcome. The overarching aim af this thesis was ta analyze the clinical relevance af the rupture and repair concepts at different process levels. The same three alliance patterns were investigated in the three empirical studies: the rupture pattern, the repair pattern, and the no-rupture/stable pattern. The analyses af the alliance patterns moved fromwhole treatments ta session segments. In Study I ruptures were found ta be associated with worse outcomes than treatments without ruptures. Repairs were, in longer therapies, shown ta be related ta better outcomes than norupture treatments. In Study Il it was found that the three alliance patterns could be discerned within sessions. Ruptures and repairs within sessions were found ta be associated with patient-ratings af the working alliance. In Study 111 the alliance patterns were found ta be related ta different interaction patterns within sessions. In these analyses, importont patient contributions ta repairs af ruptures were found.
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| 2. |
- Seifert, Mariam B., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variants on chromosomes 7p31 and 12p12 are associated with abnormal atrial electrical activation in patients with early-onset lone atrial fibrillation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology. - : Wiley. - 1082-720X .- 1542-474X. ; 24:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Abnormal P-wave morphology (PWM) has been associated with a history of atrial fibrillation (AF) in earlier studies. Although lone AF is believed to have substantial genetic basis, studies on associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) linked to lone AF and PWM have not been reported. We aimed to assess whether SNPs previously associated with lone AF (rs2200733, rs13376333, rs3807989, and rs11047543) are also linked to P-wave abnormalities. Methods: Four SNPs were studied in 176 unrelated individuals with early-onset lone AF (age at onset <50 years), median age 38 years (19–63 years), 149 men. Using sinus rhythm ECG, orthogonal PWM was classified as Type 1—positive in leads X and Y and negative in lead Z, Type 2—positive in leads X and Y and biphasic (−/+) in lead Z, Type 3—positive in lead X and biphasic in lead Y (+/−), and the remaining as atypical. Results: Two SNPs were found to be significantly associated with altered P-wave morphology distribution: rs3807989 near the gene CAV1/CAV2 and rs11047543 near the gene SOX5. Both SNPs were associated with a higher risk of non-Type 1 P-wave morphology (rs3807989: OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 2.3–10.2, p < 0.001; rs11047543: OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 1.1–20.5, p = 0.04). No association was observed for rs2200733 and rs13376333. Conclusion: In this study, the two variants rs3807989 and rs11047543, previously associated with PR interval and lone AF, were associated with altered P-wave morphology distribution in patients with early-onset lone AF. These findings suggest that common genetic variants may modify atrial conduction properties.
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| 3. |
- Ahlstedt, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of recombinant α1-microglobulin and its potential use in radioprotection of kidneys.
- 2015
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Ingår i: American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. - 2160-8407. ; 5:4, s. 333-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a systemically administrated molecular targeted radiation therapy for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Fifteen years of clinical use show that renal toxicity, due to glomerular filtration of the peptides followed by local generation of highly reactive free radicals, is the main side-effect that limits the maximum activity that can be administrated for efficient therapy. α1-microglobulin (A1M) is an endogenous radical scavenger shown to prevent radiation-induced in vitro cell damage and protect non-irradiated surrounding cells. An important feature of A1M is that, following distribution to the blood, it is equilibrated to the extravascular compartments and filtrated in the kidneys. Aiming at developing renal protection against toxic side-effects of PRRT, we have characterized the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of intravenously (i.v.) injected (125)I- and non-labelled recombinant human A1M and the (111)In- and fluorescence-labelled somatostatin analogue octreotide. Both molecules were predominantly localized to the kidneys, displaying a prevailing distribution in the cortex. A maximum of 76% of the injected A1M and 46% of the injected octreotide were present per gram kidney tissue at 10 to 20 minutes, respectively, after i.v. injection. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence microscopy revealed a dominating co-existence of the two substances in proximal tubules, with a cellular co-localization in the epithelial cells. Importantly, analysis of kidney extracts displayed an intact, full-length A1M at least up to 60 minutes post-injection (p.i.). In summary, the results show a highly similar pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of A1M and octreotide, thus enabling the use of A1M to protect the kidneys tissue during PRRT.
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| 4. |
- Bemark, Mats, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Translational Mini-Review Series on B cell subsets in disease. Reconstitution after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation - revelation of B cell developmental pathways and lineage phenotypes.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2249 .- 0009-9104. ; 167:1, s. 15-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OTHER ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN THIS MINI-REVIEW SERIES ON B CELL SUBSETS IN DISEASE B cells in multiple sclerosis: drivers of disease pathogenesis and Trojan horse for Epstein-Barr virus entry to the central nervous system? Clinical and Experimental Immunology 2012, 167: 1-6. Transitional B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome: clinical implications and effects of B cell-targeted therapies. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 2012, 167: 7-14. SUMMARY: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an immunological treatment that has been used for more than 40 years to cure a variety of diseases. The procedure is associated with serious side effects, due to the severe impairment of the immune system induced by the treatment. After a conditioning regimen with high-dose chemotherapy, sometimes in combination with total body irradiation, haematopoietic stem cells are transferred from a donor, allowing a donor-derived blood system to form. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of humoral problems and B cell development after HSCT, and relate these to the current understanding of human peripheral B cell development. We describe how these studies have aided the identification of subsets of transitional B cells and also a robust memory B cell phenotype.
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| 5. |
- Berggren, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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ProQ-dependent activation of Salmonella virulence genes mediated by post-transcriptional control of PhoP synthesis
- 2024
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Ingår i: mSphere. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 2379-5042. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella enterica is associated with the pathogen's ability to replicate within epithelial cells and macrophages. Upon host cell entry, the bacteria express a type-three secretion system encoded within Salmonella pathogenicity island 2, through which host-manipulating effector proteins are secreted to establish a stable intracellular niche. Transcription of this intracellular virulence program is activated by the PhoPQ two-component system that senses the low pH and the reduced magnesium concentration of host cell vacuoles. In addition to transcriptional control, Salmonella commonly employ RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. ProQ is a globally acting RBP in Salmonella that promotes expression of the intracellular virulence program, but its RNA repertoire has previously been characterized only under standard laboratory growth conditions. Here, we provide a high-resolution ProQ interactome during conditions mimicking the environment of the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV), revealing hundreds of previously unknown ProQ binding sites in sRNAs and mRNA 3 ' UTRs. ProQ positively affected both the levels and the stability of many sRNA ligands, some of which were previously shown to associate with the well-studied and infection-relevant RBP Hfq. We further show that ProQ activates the expression of PhoP at the post-transcriptional level, which, in turn, leads to upregulation of the intracellular virulence program.
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| 6. |
- Burén, Jonas, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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What do peers think about sexting? Adolescents' views of the norms guiding sexting behavior
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescent Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0743-5584 .- 1552-6895. ; 37:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the content of injunctive peer norms (i.e., perceived peer approval) of sexting among Swedish adolescents. Written answers from 808 adolescents (Mage = 14.22) to an open-ended question about peers’ views of sexting were analyzed qualitatively using content analysis. Eight categories were distinguished for when and why sexting is acceptable or not in the peer group. A substantial share of adolescents believed their peers approve of sexting, especially if sexting occurs within trusted relationships and when all parties have consented. A large share of adolescents described that peers were non-accepting of sexting, emphasizing that it can be spread to others. The participants also suggested that sexting is seen as a gendered phenomenon surrounded by sexual double standards, with girls at more risk of negative consequences. Some participants emphasized the peer view that adolescents sext to seek attention, and some emphasized that sexting is viewed as an enjoyable activity. Several of these categories’ likelihood to be mentioned was related to the adolescents’ age, gender, and prior experience of sexting. We concluded that adolescents might have a hard time navigating the social context of sexting, given the conflicting and gendered messages from peers.
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| 7. |
- Carlson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive assessment of direction of right atrial activation during atrial fibrillation using correlation function analysis.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Computers in Cardiology. - 0276-6574. ; 34, s. 277-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ECGs were recorded from three electrodes attached at the corners of an equilateral triangle positioned around the location of electrode V1. The atrial signal between QRST complexes was subjected to correlation function analysis to reveal differences in activation times between the electrode sites. The time differences found were used to calculate the direction of activation across the body surface. Twenty-three subjects were studied during sinus rhythm (SR), intraoperatively confirmed typical and reverse typical atrial flutter, or during paroxysmal or permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). Subjects studied during SR and patients with typical atrial flutter exhibited a uniform direction of activation, with the main vector pointing downwards. The propagation of atrial activation during permanent AF did not show a consistent direction, while patients with paroxysmal AF exhibited more uniform activation vectors, corresponding to the direction observed in patients with atrial flutter.
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| 8. |
- Choudhary, Mariam B, et al.
(författare)
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Low atrial fibrillatory rate is associated with spontaneous conversion of recent-onset atrial fibrillation.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1532-2092. ; 15:10, s. 1445-1452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Atrial fibrillatory rate (AFR) is considered a non-invasive index of atrial remodelling. Low AFR has been associated with favourable outcome of interventions in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, AFR has never been studied in unselected patients with short duration of AF, prone to regain sinus rhythm (SR) spontaneously. The aim of the study was to assess if AFR can predict spontaneous conversion in patients with recent-onset AF.METHODS AND RESULTS: Files of consecutive patients with AF < 48 h seeking emergency room care during a 12-month period were screened (n = 225). Patients with thyroid illness, acute ischaemic heart disease (IHD) or acute congestive heart failure, significant valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, history of cardiac surgery or catheter ablation, or on class I/III antiarrhythmics were excluded. Atrial fibrillatory rate was obtained by QRST cancellation and time frequency analysis of electrocardiogram at admission. The study population comprised 148 patients (age 64 ± 13 years, 52 men), of whom 48 converted to SR within 18 h. Those converting spontaneously comprised more women, had a higher prevalence of first-ever AF episode, IHD, and a lower AFR. The multivariate analysis revealed: AFR < 350 fibrillations per minute [odds ratio (OR) 3.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-10.5, P = 0.016], IHD (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.5-22.4, P = 0.012) and first-ever AF episode (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.3-13.0, P = 0.015) as independent predictors of spontaneous conversion.CONCLUSION: A low AFR was predictive of spontaneous conversion in patients with recent-onset AF. Along with first-ever AF episode and IHD, AFR can be used in assessing likelihood of spontaneous conversion, if proven in prospective studies.
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| 9. |
- Djelloul, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-Synuclein Expression in the Oligodendrocyte Lineage: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study Using Rodent and Human Models.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Stem Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-6711. ; 5:2, s. 174-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we sought evidence for alpha-synuclein (ASYN) expression in oligodendrocytes, as a possible endogenous source of ASYN to explain its presence in glial inclusions found in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD). We identified ASYN in oligodendrocyte lineage progenitors isolated from the rodent brain, in oligodendrocytes generated from embryonic stem cells, and in induced pluripotent stem cells produced from fibroblasts of a healthy individual and patients diagnosed with MSA or PD, in cultures in vitro. Notably, we observed a significant decrease in ΑSYN during oligodendrocyte maturation. Additionally, we show the presence of transcripts in PDGFRΑ/CD140a(+) cells and SOX10(+) oligodendrocyte lineage nuclei isolated by FACS from rodent and human healthy and diseased brains, respectively. Our work identifies ASYN in oligodendrocyte lineage cells, and it offers additional in vitro cellular models that should provide significant insights of the functional implication of ASYN during oligodendrocyte development and disease.
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| 10. |
- Emilsson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The characterisation and risk factors of ischaemic heart disease in patients with coeliac disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : Wiley. - 0269-2813 .- 1365-2036. ; 37:9, s. 905-914
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies have shown an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in patients with coeliac disease (CD), despite the patients' lack of traditional IHD risk factors.Aim: To characterise IHD according to CD status.Methods: Data on duodenal or jejunal biopsies were collected in 20062008 from all 28 pathology departments in Sweden and were used to define CD (equal to villous atrophy; Marsh stage 3). We used the Swedish cardiac care register SWEDEHEART to identify IHD and to obtain data on clinical status and risk factors at time of first myocardial infarction for this case-only comparison. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). CD patients were compared with general population reference individuals.Results: We identified 1075 CD patients and 4142 reference individuals with subsequent IHD. CD patients with myocardial infarction had lower body mass index (P<0.001) and cholesterol values (P<0.001) and were less likely to be active smokers (OR=0.74; 95% CI=0.560.98) than reference individuals with myocardial infarction. CD patients had less extensive coronary artery disease at angiography (any stenosis: OR=0.80; 95% CI=0.660.97; three-vessel disease: OR=0.73; 95% CI=0.570.94); but there was no difference in the proportions of CD patients with positive biochemical markers of myocardial infarction (CD: 92.2% vs. reference individuals: 91.5%, P=0.766).Conclusion: Despite evidence of an increased risk of IHD and higher cardiovascular mortality, patients with coeliac disease with IHD have a more favourable cardiac risk profile compared with IHD in reference individuals.
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