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- Andersson, Helena, 1961-
(författare)
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Möten där vi blir sedda : en studie om elevers engagemang i skolan
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- AbstractThis thesis concerns students’ engagement with school. In Sweden there are as many as 17,5 % of the students, who after year nine do not get the grades in order to be admitted to the national program at the upper secondary school. In this thesis, Students’ experiences are focused in order to understand engagement with school. The study is grounded in a socio cultural perspective on learning where learning is considered to originate from social actions, as well as theoretical perspectives on engagement. In the thesis learning is seen as development not as a process within the child but rather as development that takes place when the child participates in practices within their cultural community and in relations with others. Learning is looked upon as a perspective where the context of our lived experience of participation in the world is important. Learning should be seen as social participation. This kind of participation does not only shape what we do but also who we are and who we can become. In this thesis the concept of engagement is considered as both the wanting to do something, and what the student actual do, the agency of the student. An exploratory sequential mixed method has been used in the data collection, mainly with a student perspective. This means that both quantitative and qualitative methods of collecting and analyzing data has been used to be able to answer the research questions. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute with knowledge about students’ engagement in school by identifying aspects that influence the engagement.The thesis consists of three different studies. One quantitative study, where 1298 student participated in a survey concerning student engagement with school, which was followed by two qualitative studies, where the descriptive analysis was broadened with interviews, one with students and teachers in two different classes and one with students from eight different schools. Apart from that, students have written reflections on how they experience their learning environments in school. The discussion concerns whether students in year seven are engaged with their school, both according to the psychological and according to the cognitive engagement. The discussion also concerns what aspects of engagement students and their teachers in two highly engaged classes have experienced. In the study students with different socioeconomically and cultural backgrounds take part. The concepts of students’ participation and influence in their schoolwork is also discussed.
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| 2. |
- Djärf, Agneta Ljung, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of variation: a way to support and challenge early childhood learning?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Creative Education. - 2151-4755 .- 2151-4771. ; 4:7A1, s. 33-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose in this article is to elaborate on how the use of patterns of variation designed by variation theory can challenge and develop the early childhood education (ECE) practice. The analysis is based on six learning study (LS) projects conducted in Swedish ECE. A LS is a systematical, theoretical based de- velopment of teacher professionalism, often in close cooperation with researchers. The projects included 17 teachers, 140 children and 7 researchers. The video documented empirical material consists of 16 analysis meetings, 14 interventions and 407 pre-, post-, and delayed posttests. Each project is a concrete example of the use of patterns of variation to increase early childhood learning. In all cases a tendency of qualitative changes in children’s ways of discerning the object of learning could be noticed. The purpose is to search for how this can be understood from a variation theoretical perspective. The main focus is on changed ways of performing the interventions to search for how patterns of variation were used to create and capture the learning situations throughout the projects. One of our findings is that we have seen that it takes more than one intervention for the teachers to capture which aspects of the object of learning are critical in the targeted group, but as the iterative process allows them to try out the design more than once, they manage to find them. The second finding is that the teachers changed focus from taken for granted assumptions of each child to focusing on their own design to facilitate the child’s learning. Finally, the aspect supposed to be discerned has to vary against an invariant background to be discerned by the chil- dren, and to separate the principle from the representation is needed to be able to generalize their new knowledge
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| 3. |
- Holmqvist Olander, Mona, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical appropriation in pre-school teachers’ expressions after in-service training
- 2013
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Ingår i: Creative Education. - 2151-4755 .- 2151-4771. ; 4:7A2, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this article is to describe pre-school teachers’ learning of a theoretical framework, introduced in an in-service training by describing the ways they implicitly and explicitly appropriate the theoretical framework. Methods: This paper is the second analysis from a course evaluation that aimed to develop a group of 24 pre-school teachers’ knowledge and use of learning study. The empirical material was collected after a course funded by the Swedish National Agency of Education. The participants (n = 24) were all highly experienced pre-school teachers selected by their municipal employers. The course consisted of literature studies, theoretical discussions and practical work in the form of a learning study project focusing on the teachers’ own practices. They were divided into seven groups. Each group conducted one learning study. After the course, the pre-school teachers answered an evaluation and one of the questions analyzed here was: “Has your understanding of children’s learning developed during the course and, if so, in what way?” The answers were analyzed to show whether and how the theoretical framework was appropriated and expressed in their practice. Results: The result shows that all teachers understood the meaning of the concept of“variation” in the theoretical framework to mean variation of aspects of the content instead of variation of methods. Half of the teachers (n = 12) also used the concepts of variation theory properly, even if the question did not require them to do so. In total, 12 out of 24 participants used the concepts from the theoretical framework, namely: object of learning, critical aspects, variation, simultaneity and discernment.
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| 4. |
- Brante, Eva Wennås, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the Impact of Contrasting Cases in Text and Picture Processing
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Visual Literacy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1051-144X .- 2379-6529. ; 32:2, s. 15-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Multimodal learning materials are frequently met in education assuming enhanced learning outcomes. This study examined whether contrasts in such materials are likely to support reading comprehension for all readers. Young adults (n=46) met either text-only or text+picture material. Participants (19 with low phonological awareness [PA] and 27 controls with high PA) thereafter answered open interview questions to check for reading comprehension. Learning materials were designed to focus readers on aspects critical to understanding the content by the use of contrasts; eye-tracking was used as method. Well-known pictures aided information recall, but contrasts described in the text were most effective for learning.
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| 9. |
- Holmqvist, Mona, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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What is discerned in teachers' expressions about planning? : similarities and differences between teachers from Sweden and Hong Kong
- 2011
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Ingår i: Education Inquiry. - 2000-4508. ; 2:3, s. 497-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to find out what teachers say their primary focus is when planning to teach an object of learning. The study is carried out in two different cultural contexts, Sweden and Hong Kong, and based on the framework of variation theory, which has a two-fold focus, namely both what teachers do and what students learn at school.Fifteen semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with nine Swedish and six Hong Kong teachers in grades 1 to 6. The analysis generated categories inspired from a phenomenographic research approach, where attention is directed towards respondents’ apprehensions of a phenomenon.The results showed some clear differences in the way teachers from the two countries talked about how they organise and think about planning, which in turn reveals whether their focus is on students’ understanding or on teacher action. The Swedish teachers’ experienced focus is on activities/methods, and they separate activities and methods from the content, while the Hong Kong teachers have the content in the foreground and do not separate content and act.There can be several different explanations of the differences identified; such as that a too general theoretical and surface awareness of concepts of learning makes it difficult to reach a detailed level of the object of learning, i.e. what it actually takes for students to learn exactly this phenomenon or ability. The Swedish teachers seem to underestimate what it takes to learn due to a theoretical framework. Another explanation of this difference in focus might be that teachers need support from each other to deepen the reflections about the subject, thus achieving knowledge of what it takes to understand the intended object of learning. The Hong Kong teachers report frequent opportunities to discuss and reflect over subject-related matters.
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