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- Hey, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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The Intra-Cochlear Impedance-Matrix (IIM) test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear implant
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biomedizinische Technik / Biomedical Engineering. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1862-278X. ; 60:2, s. 123-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the principles and operation of a new telemetry-based function test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear implant, known as the CS19 Intra-Cochlear Impedance Matrix (IIM) and to present results from a multicentre clinical study to establish reproducibility (test-retest reliability) and normative ranges. Method: The IIM test measures bipolar impedances between all electrode pairs and employs a normalization procedure based on common ground impedances in order to identify abnormal current paths among electrodes. Six European clinics collected IIM data from a total of 192 devices. Results: Reproducibility was high between initial and repeat measurements. The normative analysis demonstrated narrow ranges among devices after normalization of impedance data. The IIM is able to identify abnormal current paths that are not evident from standard impedance telemetry and may otherwise only be found utilising average electrode voltage measurements (AEV). Conclusions: The IIM test was found to be straightforward to perform clinically and demonstrated reproducible data with narrow ranges in normally-functioning devices. Because this test uses a very low stimulation level the IIM test is well suited for children or multiply handicapped CI users who cannot reliably report on their auditory percepts. The new algorithms show potential to improve implant integrity testing capabilities if implemented in future clinical software.
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| 3. |
- Hjorth, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Expectancy effects on serotonin and dopamine transporters during SSRI treatment of social anxiety disorder : a randomized clinical trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been extensively debated whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are more efficacious than placebo in affective disorders, and it is not fully understood how SSRIs exert their beneficial effects. Along with serotonin transporter blockade, altered dopamine signaling and psychological factors may contribute. In this randomized clinical trial of participants with social anxiety disorder (SAD) we investigated how manipulation of verbally-induced expectancies, vital for placebo response, affect brain monoamine transporters and symptom improvement during SSRI treatment. Twenty-seven participants with SAD (17 men, 10 women), were randomized, to 9 weeks of overt or covert treatment with escitalopram 20 mg. The overt group received correct treatment information whereas the covert group was treated deceptively with escitalopram, described as an active placebo in a cover story. Before and after treatment, patients underwent positron emission tomography (PET) assessments with the [C-11]DASB and [C-11]PE2I radiotracers, probing brain serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) transporters. SAD symptoms were measured by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Overt was superior to covert SSRI treatment, resulting in almost a fourfold higher rate of responders. PET results showed that SERT occupancy after treatment was unrelated to anxiety reduction and equally high in both groups. In contrast, DAT binding decreased in the right putamen, pallidum, and the left thalamus with overt SSRI treatment, and increased with covert treatment, resulting in significant group differences. DAT binding potential changes in these regions correlated negatively with symptom improvement. Findings support that the anxiolytic effects of SSRIs involve psychological factors contingent on dopaminergic neurotransmission while serotonin transporter blockade alone is insufficient for clinical response.
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| 4. |
- Hjorth, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and co-expression of serotonin and dopamine transporters in social anxiety disorder : a multitracer positron emission tomography study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26:8, s. 3970-3979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serotonin and dopamine are putatively involved in the etiology and treatment of anxiety disorders, but positron emission tomography (PET) studies probing the two neurotransmitters in the same individuals are lacking. The aim of this multitracer PET study was to evaluate the regional expression and co-expression of the transporter proteins for serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Voxel-wise binding potentials (BPND) for SERT and DAT were determined in 27 patients with SAD and 43 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, using the radioligands [11C]DASB (3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)-benzonitrile) and [11C]PE2I (N-(3-iodopro-2E-enyl)-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-methylphenyl)nortropane). Results showed that, within transmitter systems, SAD patients exhibited higher SERT binding in the nucleus accumbens while DAT availability in the amygdala, hippocampus, and putamen correlated positively with symptom severity. At a more lenient statistical threshold, SERT and DAT BPND were also higher in other striatal and limbic regions in patients, and correlated with symptom severity, whereas no brain region showed higher binding in healthy controls. Moreover, SERT/DAT co-expression was significantly higher in SAD patients in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens, caudate, putamen, and posterior ventral thalamus, while lower co-expression was noted in the dorsomedial thalamus. Follow-up logistic regression analysis confirmed that SAD diagnosis was significantly predicted by the statistical interaction between SERT and DAT availability, in the amygdala, putamen, and dorsomedial thalamus. Thus, SAD was associated with mainly increased expression and co-expression of the transporters for serotonin and dopamine in fear and reward-related brain regions. Resultant monoamine dysregulation may underlie SAD symptomatology and constitute a target for treatment.
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| 7. |
- Hoppe, Astrid, et al.
(författare)
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Medical interns' view of their undergraduate medical education in Uppsala : an alumnus study with clear attitude differences between women and men
- 2009
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Ingår i: Medical teacher. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0142-159X .- 1466-187X. ; 31:5, s. 426-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An alumni study of graduates from the medical school in Uppsala, was performed to give input into an ongoing reform process. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate how medical interns view their undergraduate medical education and the extent to which they felt that the curriculum prepared them for their current positions. METHODS: A web-based questionnaire was sent out via mail in 2005 to all past graduates who had qualified in Uppsala in 2003. RESULTS: Replies were obtained from 69 of 102 students (68%). The most apparent suggested change of the education was increased integration of preclinical and clinical teaching. Correlations were found between student satisfaction with the medical school and perceived teacher attitude, encouragement to reflect, and the graduates' perception of having sufficient practical abilities. Significant gender differences were found regarding perceived clinical ability and concerning feedback and encouragement from the teachers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest more direct feedback from the teachers and more integration between basic sciences and clinical education. Female and male students may have different needs. A key question is therefore to encourage teachers to learn about gender since female and male students should equally experience respectful encounters with teachers and doctors acting as role models.
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| 8. |
- Hoppe, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Fjällens terrängformer : En översikt av den svenska fjällkedjan på grundvalav geomorfologisk kartering och naturvärdering
- 1983
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten innehåller en sammanfattning av den geomorfologiska kartering av fjällen som gjordes under 1970- och 80-talet. Rapporten innehåller beskrivning av terrängformer som förekommer i fjällen, deras utbredning där och en naturvärdesbedömning av desamma samt en beskrivning av områden med höga geomorfologiska naturvärden. Bakgrunden till projektet var att utöka kunskapen om väsentliga principer för terrängformgestaltningen, tack vare ett snabbt stigande intresse från samhällets sida att skydda och vårda värdefull natur samt en för dåtiden relativt välutvecklad och välfungerande teknik att snabbt och för tämligen låga kostnader företa inventeringar och karteringar av geomorfologin.Bakgrunden till projektet var att utöka kunskapen om väsentliga principer för terrängformgestaltningen, tack vare ett snabbt stigande intresse från samhällets sida att skydda och vårda värdefull natur samt en för dåtiden relativt välutvecklad och välfungerande teknik att snabbt och för tämligen låga kostnader företa inventeringar och karteringar av geomorfologin.
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| 9. |
- Hoppe, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Geomorfologiska kartbladet 28 I STORA SJÖFALLET : Beskrivning och naturvärdesbedömning
- 1979
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet Geomorfologisk kartering i fjällen genomfördes 1975-1983 och resulterade i 24 rapporter med tillhörande kartor. Rapporterna beskriver översiktligt området och dess terrängformer. Det finns även naturvärdesbedömningar och utpekande av geomorfologiskt värdefulla områden. Detta är en av rapporterna.
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| 10. |
- Mock, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Multiomics in the central Arctic Ocean for benchmarking biodiversity change
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 20:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiomics approaches need to be applied in the central Arctic Ocean to benchmark biodiversity change and to identify novel species and their genes. As part of MOSAiC, EcoOmics will therefore be essential for conservation and sustainable bioprospecting in one of the least explored ecosystems on Earth.
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