| 1. |
- Bertilsson, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavia and Northern Europe (2015–2019)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Rock Art Studies: News of the World VI / edited by Paul Bahn, Natalie Franklin & Matthias Strecker. - Oxford : Archaeopress. - 9781789699623 ; , s. 18-30
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Bertilsson, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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The Kivik tomb: Bredarör enters into the digital arena - documented with OLS, SfM and RTI
- 2017
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Ingår i: New Perspectives on the Bronze Age : proceedings of the 13th Nordic Bronze Age Symposium held in Gothenburg 9th to 13th June 2015 / edited by Sophie Bergerbrant and Anna Wessman. - Oxford : Archaeopress. - 9781784915988
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Bredarör cairn in Kivik sparked the interest of researchers by presenting the rare combination of rock art within a burial con- text. A recent documentation project that employed the traditional tracing method has sparked a new debate about the precision of older tracings and frottages. This paper presents the results of a holistic recording of the slabs in the Bredarör cairn using three modern methods: Structure from Motion (SfM), Optical Laser Scanning (OLS) and Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI). In discussing SfM, OLS and RTI, the paper demonstrates the power of these tools to expand the capabilities to record rock art in an unbiased fashion and in greater detail. In contrast to older methods, the depth and texture of features on the rock are documented and human error is reduced, because everything is recorded. Some observations of the earlier documentation efforts were confirmed, and more details added, such as information on ship prows and horse design. This allowed an in-depth discussion of the dating and use of rock art in the Bredarör cairn. It is argued that although there is evidence that the slabs were transformed several times, the majority of the carving activity was carried out during Period II of the Nordic Bronze Age. It suggests that an important individual, possibly connected to long-distance trade, was interred in the cairn that subsequently served as a necropolis until the Late Bronze Age.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Di Maida, Gianpiero, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Methods and Typology: New Horizons
- 2022
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Ingår i: Open Archaeology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2300-6560. ; 8:1, s. 1170-1172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Typological analysis of archaeological artefacts has constituted the backbone of the discipline since its inception as a science in the modern sense (Adams & Adams, 1991). This enterprise though, which has engaged several generations of archaeologists from all branches and areas of expertise, did not come devoid of issues: especially its use as a tool to establish chronological sequences and to identify cultural entities and their characteristic material complexes, before (but also after) the advent of absolute methods of dating, has had the primary effect to contribute to the creation of categories (e.g., ethnical and/or cultural groups) that are still in use in the everyday practice of archaeological work and on whose dangers the research has warned from quite some time now (e.g., Jones, 1997). Despite this, due to a mix of hard-to-change habits, intrinsic difficulties connected to undertake large-scale projects and an undeniable concrete residual usefulness, these categories and classes have kept their place in the everyday practices of the discipline and have shown to be more resistant to substitution or abandonment than previously thought.
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| 5. |
- Diaz-Guardamino, Marta, 3, et al.
(författare)
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The local appropriation of warrior ideals in Late Bronze Age Europe: a review of the rock art site of Arroyo Tamujoso 8 and the ‘warrior’ stela of Cancho Roano (Badajoz, Spain) : La apropiación local de ideales guerreros en la Europa de la Edad del Bronce Final: una revisión del sitio de arte rupestre de Arroyo Tamujoso 8 y la estela de Cancho Roano (Badajoz, España)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Trabajos de prehistoria. - : Editorial CSIC. - 0082-5638 .- 1988-3218. ; 79:2, s. 329-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study offers new insights into the local appropriation of warrior ideals in Late Bronze Age Europe. Through the new study of the carvings of Cancho Roano and Arroyo Tamujoso 8, located in Southwest Iberia and their landscape settings with state-of-the-art digital technologies, this paper unpicks some of the key idiosyncrasies of Iberian Late Bronze Age warrior iconography, revealing that responses to the warrior ideals circulating across Europe during that period were diverse. To understand the contexts of circulation and appropriation of these ideas from a local perspective, we also consider very briefly the multiscale connections in which the communities who created warrior stelae in Iberia were involved. The ultimate goal of this paper is to lay the groundwork for further work developing more detailed comparisons between Iberian warrior stelae and Swedish warrior iconography on rock art, also taking into account other evidence.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Dolfini, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Prehistoric warfare and violence - quantitative and qualitative approaches
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is the first book to explore prehistoric warfare and violence by integrating qualitative research methods with quantitative, scientific techniques of analysis such as paleopathology, morphometry, wear analysis, and experimental archaeology. It investigates early warfare and violence from the standpoint of four broad interdisciplinary themes: skeletal markers of violence and weapon training; conflict in prehistoric rock-art; the material culture of conflict; and intergroup violence in archaeological discourse. The book has a wide-ranging chronological and geographic scope, from early Neolithic to late Iron Age and from Western Europe to East Asia. It includes world-renowned sites and artefact collections such as the Tollense Valley Bronze Age battlefield (Germany), the UNESCO World Heritage Site at Tanum (Sweden), and the British Museum collection of bronze weaponry from the late Shang period (China). Original case studies are presented in each section by a diverse international authorship. The study of warfare and violence in prehistoric and pre-literate societies has been at the forefront of archaeological debate since the publication of Keeley’s provocative monograph ‘War Before Civilization’ (Oxford 1996). The problem has been approached from a number of standpoints including anthropological and behavioural studies of interpersonal violence, osteological examinations of sharp lesions and blunt-force traumas, wear analysis of ancient weaponry, and field experiments with replica weapons and armour. This research, however, is often confined within the boundaries of the various disciplines and specialist fields. In particular, a gap can often be detected between the research approaches grounded in the humanities and social sciences and those based on the archaeological sciences. The consequence is that, to this day, the subject is dominated by a number of undemonstrated assumptions regarding the nature of warfare, combat, and violence in non-literate societies. Moreover, important methodological questions remain unanswered: can we securely distinguish between violence-related and accidental trauma on skeletal remains? To what extent can wear analysis shed light on long-forgotten fighting styles? Can we design meaningful combat tests based on historic martial arts? And can the study of rock-art unlock the social realities of prehistoric warfare? By breaking the mould of entrenched subject boundaries, this edited volume promotes interdisciplinary debate in the study of prehistoric warfare and violence by presenting a number of innovative approaches that integrate qualitative and quantitative methods of research and analysis.
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| 9. |
- Horn, Christian, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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A Boat Is a Boat Is a Boat…Unless It Is a Horse–Rethinking the Role of Typology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Open Archaeology. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2300-6560. ; 8:1, s. 1218-1230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, it is widely accepted that typology is a biased and inconsistent attempt to classify archaeological material based on the similarity of a predefined set of features. In this respect, machine learning (ML) works similar to typology. ML approaches are often deployed because it is thought that they reduce biases. However, biases are introduced into the process at many points, e.g., feature selection. In a project applying ML to Scandinavian rock art data, it was noticed that the algorithm struggles with classifying certain motifs correctly. This contribution discusses the consistency in applying biases by ML in contrast to the inconsistency of human classification. It is argued that it is necessary to bring machines and humans into a meaningful dialogue attempting to understand why apparent “misclassifications” happen. This is important to inform us about the classification output, our biases, and the rock art data, which are in themself inconsistent, ambiguous, and biased because they are the outcomes of human creativity. The human inconsistency is a necessary component because in rock art not everything that looks similar has a similar meaning.
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| 10. |
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