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- Ferencz, S., et al.
(författare)
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[A new method for prothetisation of vascular patients with lower limb amputation: initial experiences with osseointegration technique.]
- 2009
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Ingår i: Magyar Sebészet. - 0025-0295. ; 62:5, s. 293-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction/Aims: Prostheses use for lower limb amputees is difficult, while the socket is hard, the prosthesis is heavy. Drawbacks of conventional prosthesis are mainly associated with the socket, therefore osseointegration technique is a promising solution, since it doesn't require a socket. Our aim was to introduce this technique in Hungary and extend indication for vascular patients. Methods: The method includes two operative and one rehabilitation phases: during first operation a titanium screw is fixed into the femoral bone marrow cavity, this connects to an abutment, which also penetrates the skin, making a direct connection between the femur and the prosthesis during the second intervention. During rehabilitation the patient makes loading exercises and learns to walk with new prosthesis. Results: This method was launched in Hungary in 2005. Two female amputees were operated on initially, their second surgery was performed in 2006 (when titanium screw was applied in the male patients, as well). Incorporation of titanium screw was exquisite, and rehabilitation was successful. One of our male patients died eight months after his first operation due to myocardial infarction. Conclusion: Based on our experiences, the osseointegration technique facilitates rehabilitation of vascular patients for prostheses use. Adequate follow-up and stable vascular diseases are not contraindications, although further clinical trials are needed to determine its indication.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Horvath, Andrew T., et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of highly charged polyelectrolytes onto an oppositely charged porous substrate
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24:15, s. 7857-7866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption behavior of highly charged cationic polyelectrolytes onto porous substrates is electrostatic in nature and has been shown to be highly dependent on the poly electrolyte properties. Copolymers of acrylamide (AM) and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) were synthesized to have a range of macromolecular properties (i.e., charge density and molecular mass). Traditional titration methods have been complemented by fluorescence labeling techniques that were developed to directly observe the extent that fluorescently labeled poly(AM-co-DADMAC) adsorbs into the pore structure of a cellulosic substrate. Although contributing to the electrostatic driving force, the charge density acts to limit adsorption to the outermost surface under electrolyte-free conditions. However, adsorption into the pores can occur if both the molecular mass and charge density of poly(AM-co-DADMAC) are sufficiently low. Adsorption initially increases as the electrolyte concentration is increased. However, the electrostatic persistence length of poly(AM-co-DADMAC) restricts the polyelectrolyte from entering the pores. Therefore, changes in the adsorption behavior at moderate electrolyte concentrations have been attributed to swelling of the polyelectrolyte layer at the fiber exterior. The adsorption behavior changes again at high electrolyte concentrations such that poly(AMco-DADMAC) could adsorb into the pore structure. This occurred when the electrolyte concentration was sufficient to screen the electrostatic persistence length of poly(AM-co-DADMAC), provided that the entropie driving force for adsorption still existed. It is suggested that adsorption into the pore structure is a kinetic process that is governed by localized electrostatic interactions between poly(AM-co-DADMAC) and the charges located within the pores.
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| 4. |
- Horvath, Andrew T., et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of low charge density polyelectrolytes to an oppositely charged porous substrate
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24:13, s. 6585-6594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption behavior of a low charge density cationic polyelectrolyte to cellulosic fibers has been studied. Cationic dextran served as a model polyelectrolyte, as it can be prepared over a range in molecular mass and charge density. The adsorption behavior of the cationic dextran was measured in electrolyte-free conditions using polyelectrolyte titration techniques. By fluorescent labeling the cationic dextran, the extent to which adsorption occurs inside the porous structure was further determined by fluorescent confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cationic dextran having a sufficiently low charge density adsorbed into the pores, although the extent the cationic dextran adsorbed was governed by the molecular mass. The adsorption behavior of the cationic dextran was also studied in various electrolyte concentrations. The adsorbed mass monotonically decreased with increasing electrolyte, as the electrostatic interaction with the substrate was more effectively screened. This behavior also suggests that the interactions between adsorbed polyelectrolyte chains, i.e. lateral correlation effects, are negligible for low charge density polyelectrolytes. Finally, the effect of having a preadsorbed layer of cationic dextran on the adsorption behavior was determined in electrolytefree conditions using fluorescent double staining techniques. The preadsorbed cationic dextran had almost no effect on the adsorption of low molecular mass fractions. Low molecular mass fractions directly adsorbed into the pore structure, as opposed to adsorbing to a free surface and diffusing into the pores. It was also shown that cationic dextran can be selectively adsorbed to different locations, such that the surface of a porous substrate can be treated uniquely from the bulk.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Horvath, Andrew T., et al.
(författare)
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Diffusion of cationic polyelectrolytes into cellulosic fibers
- 2008
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 24:19, s. 10797-10806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The penetration of cationic polyelectrolytes into anionic cellulosic fibers was evaluated with fluorescent imaging techniques in order to clarify the mechanism and time scales for the diffusion process. The bulk charge of the cellulosic fibers indirectly creates a driving force for diffusion into the porous fiber wall, which is entropic in nature due to a release of counterions as the polyelectrolyte adsorbs. The individual bulk charges in the fiber cell wall also interact with the diffusing polyelectrolyte, such that the polyelectrolyte diffuses to the first available charge and consequently adsorbs and remains fixed. Thus, subsequent polyelectrolyte chains must first diffuse through the adsorbed polyelectrolyte layer before adsorbing to the next available bulk charges. This behavior differs from earlier suggested diffusion mechanisms, by which polyelectrolytes were assumed to first adsorb to the outermost surface and then reptate into the pore structure. The time scales for polyelectrolyte diffusion were highly dependent on the flexibility of the chain, which was estimated from calculations of the persistence length. The persistence length ultimately depended on the charge density and electrolyte concentration. The charge density of the polyelectrolyte had a greater influence on the time scales for diffusion. High charge density polyelectrolytes were observed to diffuse on a time scale of months, whereas the diffusion of low charge density polyelectrolytes was measured on the order of hours. An influence of the chain length, that is, steric interactions due the persistence length of the polyelectrolyte and to the tortuosity of the porous structure of the fiber wall, could only be noted for low charge density polyelectrolytes. Increasing the electrolyte concentration increased the chain flexibility by screening the electrostatic contribution to the persistence length, in turn inducing a faster diffusion process. However, a significant change in the diffusion behavior was observed at high electrolyte concentrations, at which the interaction between the polyelectrolyte charges and the fiber charges was almost completely screened.
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| 9. |
- Horvath, György, 1942, et al.
(författare)
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Human ovarian carcinomas detected by specific odor.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Integrative cancer therapies. - : SAGE Publications. - 1534-7354 .- 1552-695X. ; 7:2, s. 76-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high mortality rate associated with ovarian carcinoma is mainly owing to late diagnosis. It is thus essential to develop inexpensive and simple methods for early diagnosis. Papers on canine scent detection of malignancies such as melanoma and bladder, lung, and breast cancer have recently been published in peer-reviewed journals, indicating a new diagnostic tool for malignancies. However, in these studies the dogs may have responded to odors associated with cancer, such as inflammation or metabolic products, rather than specifically to cancer itself. Therefore, it is important to ascertain whether or not human cancers are characterized by specific odors. We hypothesized that if ovarian carcinoma emits a specific odor, dogs may be trained to detect it. Using our training method, we taught a dog to distinguish different histopathological types and grades of ovarian carcinomas, including borderline tumors, from healthy control samples. Double-blind tests showed 100% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity. Moreover, the odor of ovarian carcinomas seems to differ from those of other gynecological malignances such cervical, endometrial, and vulvar carcinomas. Our study strongly suggests that the most common ovarian carcinomas are characterized by a single specific odor.
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| 10. |
- Juhasz, Balazs, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral quantitative computed tomography in the assessment of bone mineral density in anti-TNF-treated rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis patients
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2474. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are associated with osteoporosis. There have not been many peripheral quantitative computed tomography (QCT) studies in patients receiving biologics. We assessed volumetric and areal bone mineral density (BMD) by forearm QCT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), respectively in addition to laboratory biomarkers in these arthritides. Methods Forty RA and AS patients treated with either etanercept (ETN) or certolizumab pegol (CZP) were undergoing follow-ups for one year. Volumetric and areal BMD, as well as parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin, RANKL, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (VITD), P1NP, CTX, sclerostin (SOST), Dickkopf 1 (DKK-1) and cathepsin K (CATHK) were determined. Results We did not observe any further bone loss during the 12-month treatment period. Volumetric and areal BMD showed significant correlations with each other (p<0.017 after Bonferroni's correction). Trabecular QCT BMD at baseline (p=0.015) and cortical QCT BMD after 12 months (p=0.005) were inversely determined by disease activity at baseline in the full cohort. Trabecular QCT BMD at baseline also correlated with CTX (p=0.011). In RA, CRP negatively (p=0.014), while SOST positively (p=0.013) correlated with different QCT parameters. In AS, RANKL at baseline (p=0.014) and after 12 months (p=0.007) correlated with cortical QCT BMD. In the full cohort, 12-month change in QTRABBMD was related to TNF inhibition together with elevated VITD-0 levels (p=0.031). Treatment and lower CATHK correlated with QCORTBMD changes (p=0.006). In RA, TNF inhibition together with VITD-0 (p<0.01) or CATHK-0 (p=0.002), while in AS, treatment and RANKL-0 (p<0.05) determined one-year changes in QCT BMD. Conclusions BMD as determined by QCT did not change over one year of anti-TNF treatment. Disease activity, CATHK, RANKL and VITD may be associated with the effects of anti-TNF treatment on QCT BMD changes. RA and AS may differ in this respect.
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