| 1. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Huizeng, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating ultraviolet reflectance from visible bands in ocean colour remote sensing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing of Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0034-4257 .- 1879-0704. ; 258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, ultraviolet (UV) bands have received increasing attention from the ocean colour remote sensing community, as they may contribute to improving atmospheric correction and inherent optical properties (IOPs) retrieval. However, most ocean colour satellite sensors do not have UV bands, and the accurate retrieval of UV remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) from UV satellite data is still a challenge. In order to address this problem, this study proposes a hybrid approach for estimating UV Rrs from the visible bands. The approach was implemented with two popular ocean colour satellite sensors, i.e. GCOM-C SGLI and Sentinel-3 OLCI. In situ Rrs collected globally and simulated Rrs spectra were used to develop UV Rrs retrieval models, and UV Rrs values at 360, 380 and 400 nm were estimated from visible Rrs spectra. The performances of the established models were evaluated using in situ Rrs and satellite data, and applied to a semi-analytical algorithm for IOPs retrieval. The results showed that: (i) UV Rrs retrieval models had low uncertainties with mean absolute percentage differences (MAPD) less than 5%; (ii) the model assessment with in situ Rrs showed high accuracy (r = 0.92–1.00 and MAPD = 1.11%–10.95%) in both clear open ocean and optically complex waters; (iii) the model assessment with satellite data indicated that model-estimated UV Rrs were more consistent with in situ values than satellite-derived UV Rrs; and (iv) model-estimated UV Rrs may improve the decomposition accuracy of absorption coefficients in semi-analytical IOPs algorithm. Thus, the proposed method has great potentials for reconstructing UV Rrs data and improving IOPs retrieval for historical satellite sensors, and might also be useful for UV-based atmospheric correction algorithms.
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| 3. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Chen, Zhipeng, et al.
(författare)
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Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship of N-Aryl-N'-(thiophen-2-yl) thiourea Derivatives as Novel and Specific Human TLR1/2 Agonists for Potential Cancer Immunotherapy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - Washington, DC : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 64:11, s. 7371-7389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The previous virtual screening of ten million compounds yielded two novel nonlipopeptide-like chemotypes as TLR2 agonists. Herein, we present the chemical optimization of our initial hit, 1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl) urea, which resulted in the identification of SMU-C80 (EC50 = 31.02 ± 1.01 nM) as a TLR2-specific agonist with a 370-fold improvement in bioactivity. Mechanistic studies revealed that SMU-C80, through TLR1/2, recruits the adaptor protein MyD88 and triggers the NF-κB pathway to release cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β from human, but not murine, cells. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first species-specific TLR1/2 agonist reported until now. Moreover, SMU-C80 increased the percentage of T, B, and NK cells ex vivo and activated the immune cells, which suppressed cancer cell growth in vitro. In summary, we obtained a highly efficient and specific human TLR1/2 agonist that acts through the MyD88 and NF-κB pathway, facilitating cytokine release and the simultaneous activation of immune cells that in turn affects the apoptosis of cancer cells. © 2021 American Chemical Society
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| 5. |
- Hu, Junjie, et al.
(författare)
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Flexibility Prediction of Aggregated Electric Vehicles and Domestic Hot Water Systems in Smart Grids
- 2021
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Ingår i: Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2095-8099. ; 7:8, s. 1101-1114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the growth of intermittent renewable energy generation in power grids, there is an increasing demand for controllable resources to be deployed to guarantee power quality and frequency stability. The flexibility of demand response (DR) resources has become a valuable solution to this problem. However, existing research indicates that problems on flexibility prediction of DR resources have not been investigated. This study applied the temporal convolution network (TCN)-combined transformer, a deep learning technique to predict the aggregated flexibility of two types of DR resources, that is, elec-tric vehicles (EVs) and domestic hot water system (DHWS). The prediction uses historical power con-sumption data of these DR resources and DR signals (DSs) to facilitate prediction. The prediction can generate the size and maintenance time of the aggregated flexibility. The accuracy of the flexibility pre-diction results was verified through simulations of case studies. The simulation results show that under different maintenance times, the size of the flexibility changed. The proposed DR resource flexibility pre-diction method demonstrates its application in unlocking the demand-side flexibility to provide a reserve to grids.
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| 6. |
- Hu, Junjie, et al.
(författare)
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Multilevel Coordination in Smart Grids for Congestion Management of Distribution Grid
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Intelligent System Applications to Power Systems. IEEE, 2013. - ISAP, Tokyo.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The operation of the distribution network willchange in the near future due to increasing size and number ofdistributed energy resources (DER) and demand side resources(DSR). An active distribution network is proposed to addressthe challenges. The normal operation of an active distributionnetwork requires coordination of different values and operationconstraints of various involved actors. This paper proposes amultilevel coordination strategy for congestion management ofdistribution network. Firstly, the scheme of an active distributionnetwork is described. Then, the coordination strategies betweenvarious actors, i.e., distribution system operator (DSO), fleetoperators (FO), and EV owners are discussed. Further, a mathe-matical formulation of the chosen coordination strategies betweenDSO and FOs are presented and some case studies are shownto illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions. Finally,we give the argument and proposal of using multi-agent basedplatform to demonstrate the multilevel coordination solution.Index Terms—Congestion management, Distribution grid,Multilevel coordination, Multiagent systems based platform.
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| 7. |
- Hu, Yutao, et al.
(författare)
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TreeCen : Building Tree Graph for Scalable Semantic Code Clone Detection
- 2022
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Ingår i: iWOAR 2022. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Code clone detection is an important research problem that has attracted wide attention in software engineering. Many methods have been proposed for detecting code clone, among which text-based and token-based approaches are scalable but lack consideration of code semantics, thus resulting in the inability to detect semantic code clones. Methods based on intermediate representations of codes can solve the problem of semantic code clone detection. However, graph-based methods are not practicable due to code compilation, and existing tree-based approaches are limited by the scale of trees for scalable code clone detection. In this paper, we propose TreeCen, a scalable tree-based code clone detector, which satisfies scalability while detecting semantic clones effectively. Given the source code of a method, we first extract its abstract syntax tree (AST) based on static analysis and transform it into a simple graph representation (i.e., tree graph) according to the node type, rather than using traditional heavyweight tree matching. We then treat the tree graph as a social network and adopt centrality analysis on each node to maintain the tree details. By this, the original complex tree can be converted into a 72-dimensional vector while containing comprehensive structural information of the AST. Finally, these vectors are fed into a machine learning model to train a detector and use it to find code clones. We conduct comparative evaluations on effectiveness and scalability. The experimental results show that TreeCen maintains the best performance of the other six state-of-the-art methods (i.e., SourcererCC, RtvNN, DeepSim, SCDetector, Deckard, and ASTNN) with F1 scores of 0.99 and 0.95 on BigCloneBench and Google Code Jam datasets, respectively. In terms of scalability, TreeCen is about 79 times faster than the other state-of-the-art tree-based semantic code clone detector (ASTNN), about 13 times faster than the fastest graph-based approach (SCDetector), and even about 22 times faster than the one-time trained token-based detector (RtvNN).
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| 8. |
- Li, Junjie, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Dry Selective Isotropic Atomic Layer Etching of SiGe for Manufacturing Vertical Nanowire Array with Diameter Less than 20 nm
- 2020
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semiconductor nanowires have great application prospects in field effect transistors and sensors. In this study, the process and challenges of manufacturing vertical SiGe/Si nanowire array by using the conventional lithography and novel dry atomic layer etching technology. The final results demonstrate that vertical nanowires with a diameter less than 20 nm can be obtained. The diameter of nanowires is adjustable with an accuracy error less than 0.3 nm. This technology provides a new way for advanced 3D transistors and sensors.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Jinshi, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation for Marangoni Condensation Heat Transfer of Water-Ethanol Mixture Vapors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Heat Transfer Engineering. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1521-0537 .- 0145-7632. ; 37:9, s. 774-782
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existing investigations of heat transfer characteristic of Marangoni condensation were mainly on experimental methods. Due to the limitations of experimental studies and the diversity of experimental results, the correlation with dimensionless numbers for Marangoni condensation was attempted. The heat transfer characteristic of Marangoni condensation for water-ethanol mixture vapors was reviewed, as well as the condensation modes. Considering the characteristics and the direct influencing factors of Marangoni condensation, several dimensionless numbers were introduced to represent the heat transfer results and essential influencing factors. Based on the experimental data, a correlation was proposed to predict the heat transfer characteristic of Marangoni condensation of water-ethanol mixture vapors. The deviation between the prediction values and present experimental results was between -25% and 30%.
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