| 1. |
- Huang, Yanrong, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy and safety of secukinumab in active rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors : a meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Rheumatology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0770-3198 .- 1434-9949. ; 38:10, s. 2765-2776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To address the efficacy and safety of secukinumab in comparison with placebo in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who had an inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors. Methods: Databases of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated with the Mantel–Haenszel random effects method. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q and I 2 tests. Results: A total of 1292 patients from three phase III RCT studies were included. Compared with placebo, secukinumab 150 mg was superior at 24 weeks in terms of ACR20 with RR (1.66, 95% CI 1.33, 2.08; P < 0.0001; I 2 = 0%), ACR50 (1.88, 95% CI 1.29, 2.72; P = 0.0009; I 2 = 0%), and ACR70 (2.15, 95% CI 1.15, 4.02; P = 0.02; I 2 = 0%). Consistent effects were also observed in pooled group of 150 mg and 75 mg secukinumab. For secukinumab 75 mg alone, ACR20 response rate was significantly higher compared with placebo (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.29, 2.03; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%). Although ACR50 and ACR70 response rates showed a favorable trend to be higher, no statistical difference was observed (RR 1.68, 95% CI 0.99, 2.85, P = 0.05, I 2 = 47%; RR 1.81, 95% CI 0.78, 4.21, P = 0.17, I 2 = 34%, respectively). Compared with the placebo group, there was no increased risk of adverse effects (AEs) and serious AEs at 16 weeks in the pooled secukinumab group. Conclusions: In active RA patients with an inadequate response to TNF inhibitors, secukinumab may be a therapeutic option. Secukinumab 150 mg showed significantly better clinical efficacy with no increased risk of AEs and serious AEs compared with placebo. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT01770379, NCT01350804, NCT01377012 Key Points• Secukinumab 150 mg showed significantly better clinical efficacy in active RA patients with an inadequate response to TNF inhibitors.• No increased risk of AEs and serious AEs in secukinumab group compared with placebo.
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| 2. |
- Ji, Xiuling, et al.
(författare)
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Ionozyme : ionic liquids as solvent and stabilizer for efficient bioactivation of CO2
- 2021
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Ingår i: Green Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9262 .- 1463-9270. ; 23:18, s. 6990-7000
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficient bioactivation of CO2 provides an alternative new strategy for producing high value chemicals and fuels. Normally, in vitro activation of CO2 can be achieved by using formate dehydrogenase (FDH). However, the CO2 solubility and the activity of commercial FDHCb remain a tough challenge for the efficient bioactivation of CO2. Here, we report a new “ionozyme” strategy created by using ionic liquids (ILs) as a solvent and enzyme stabilizer, resulting in a 142.3-fold increase in CO2 conversion over FDHCb. The ionozyme (FDHPa-[CH][Pro]-[TMGH][PhO]) was first developed by combing a discovered novel FDHPa with an efficient synergistic ionic microenvironment. The remarkable performance of this ionozyme is attributed to forming key intermediates [CH][ProCOO] and [TMGH][PhOCOO], stabilizing the enzyme structure with increased solvation structure, and shortening the distance (3.9 Å) between NADH and CO2 to favor the hydride transfer by facilitating their relative orientation and forming new hydrogen bonds at the active sites. This bioactivation of CO2 by this specific ionozyme represents ideal starting points for the sustainable carbon cycle.
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| 3. |
- Mukesh, Chandrakant, et al.
(författare)
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Insight into lignin oxidative depolymerization in ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
- 2024
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 188
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignin valorization is advantageous for biorefineries to produce aromatic compounds, fragrance, biofuel, material, and commodity chemicals, which could be an alternative of crude oil-derived products. However, several barriers are involved in natural lignin extraction and depolymerization, which need to be solved for its full utilization. The electrochemical oxidative upgrading of lignin into the oxygenated molecule is a promising method, which cleaves the C–O and C–C bond by direct oxidative or indirect oxidative method. As promising solvents, electrolytes, as well as catalysts in organic synthesis and electrochemical processes, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained significant attention as dissolution media and catalysts for lignin depolymerization. In this work, aromatic carbon-rich lignin macromolecule depolymerization in ILs/DESs was reviewed to gain a better understanding of barriers, covering the interaction of ILs/DESs with lignin structure, degradation mechanism, thermochemical and electrochemical transformations, as well as COSMO-RS theoretical modeling and screening. In-situ generation of free radicals as catalysts (reactive oxygen species or H2O2) for lignin degradation into value-added products was also discussed. All these studies give importance to ILs/DESs for thermochemical, electrochemical lignin cleavage and upgrading to value-added products for achieving sustainable future goals.
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