| 1. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
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| 3. |
- Brawand, David, et al.
(författare)
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The genomic substrate for adaptive radiation in African cichlid fish
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 513:7518, s. 375-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cichlid fishes are famous for large, diverse and replicated adaptive radiations in the Great Lakes of East Africa. To understand themolecular mechanisms underlying cichlid phenotypic diversity, we sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of five lineages of African cichlids: the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), an ancestral lineage with low diversity; and four members of the East African lineage: Neolamprologus brichardi/pulcher (older radiation, Lake Tanganyika), Metriaclima zebra (recent radiation, Lake Malawi), Pundamilia nyererei (very recent radiation, Lake Victoria), and Astatotilapia burtoni (riverine species around Lake Tanganyika). We found an excess of gene duplications in the East African lineage compared to tilapia and other teleosts, an abundance of non-coding element divergence, accelerated coding sequence evolution, expression divergence associated with transposable element insertions, and regulation by novel microRNAs. In addition, we analysed sequence data from sixty individuals representing six closely related species from Lake Victoria, and show genome-wide diversifying selection on coding and regulatory variants, some of which were recruited from ancient polymorphisms. We conclude that a number of molecular mechanisms shaped East African cichlid genomes, and that amassing of standing variation during periods of relaxed purifying selection may have been important in facilitating subsequent evolutionary diversification.
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| 4. |
- De Bruyn, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Implant surface roughness and patient factors on long-term peri-implant bone loss
- 2017
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Ingår i: Periodontology 2000. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757. ; 73:1, s. 218-227
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental implant placement is a common treatment procedure in current dental practice. High implant survival rates as well as limited peri-implant bone loss has been achieved over the past decades due to continuous modifications of implant design and surface topography. Since the turn of the millennium, implant surface modifications have focused on stronger and faster bone healing. This has not only yielded higher implant survival rates but also allowed modifications in surgical as well as prosthetic treatment protocols such as immediate implant placement and immediate loading. Stable crestal bone levels have been considered a key factor in implant success because it is paramount for long-term survival, aesthetics as well as peri-implant health. Especially during the past decade, clinicians and researchers have paid much attention to peri-implant health and more specifically to the incidence of bone loss. This could furthermore increase the risk for peri-implantitis, the latter often diagnosed as ongoing bone loss and pocket formation beyond the normal biological range in the presence of purulence or bleeding on probing. Information on the effect of surface topography on bone loss or peri-implantitis, a disease process that is to be evaluated in the long-term, is also scarce. Therefore, the current narrative review discusses whether long-term peri-implant bone loss beyond physiological bone adaptation is affected by the surface roughness of dental implants. Based on comparative studies, evaluating implants with comparable design but different surface roughness, it can be concluded that average peri-implant bone loss around the moderately rough and minimally rough surfaces is less than around rough surfaces. However, due to the multifactorial cause for bone loss the clinical impact of surface roughness alone on bone loss and peri-implantitis risk seems rather limited and of minimal clinical importance. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that certain patient factors, such as a history of periodontal disease and smoking, lead to more peri-implant bone loss.
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| 5. |
- Doornewaard, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Effect of Surface Roughness and Patients' Factors on Crestal Bone Loss at Dental Implants : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 19:2, s. 372-399
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Publications from 2011 to 2015 were selected to evaluate effect of implant surface roughness on long-term bone loss as surrogate for peri-implantitis risk. 87 out of 2,566 papers reported the mean bone loss after at least 5 years of function. Estimation of the proportion of implants with bone loss above 1, 2, and 3 mm as well as analysis the effect of implant surface roughness, smoking, and history of periodontitis was performed. By means of the provided statistical information of bone loss (mean and standard deviation) the prevalence of implants with bone loss ranging from 1 to 3 mm was estimated. The bone loss was used as a surrogate parameter for peri-implantitis given the fact that peri-implantitis prevalence was not reported in most studies or when reported, the diagnostic criteria were unclear or of dubious quality. The outcome of this review suggests that peri-implant bone loss around minimally rough implant systems was statistically significant less in comparison to the moderately rough and rough implant systems. No statistically significant difference was observed between moderately rough and rough implant systems. The studies that compared implants with comparable design and different surface roughness, showed less average peri-implant bone loss around the less rough surfaces in the meta-analysis. However, due to the heterogeneity of the papers and the multifactorial cause for bone loss, the impact of surface roughness alone seems rather limited and of minimal clinical importance. Irrespective of surface topography or implant brand, the average weighted implant survival rate was 97.3% after 5 years or more of loading. If considering 3 mm bone loss after at least 5 years to represent the presence of peri-implantitis, less than 5% of the implants were affected. The meta-analysis indicated that periodontal history and smoking habits yielded more bone loss.
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| 6. |
- Malmqvist, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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A Proposal for Introducing Optional CDIO Standards
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th International CDIO Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first version of the CDIO standards was presented in 2005 (Brodeur & Crawley, 2005). The aim of this paper is to explore if meeting current CDIO standards still corresponds to the expectations placed on graduates from leading engineering programs worldwide. In this paper, we first identify engineering competencies that are claimed to be essential both today and in the future, focusing on competencies whose relative importance have grown since the early 2000’s. We also identify pedagogical practices that aim to develop these particular competences. We then propose that these emerging skills and best practices should be incorporated in CDIO as “optional” CDIO standards. Whereas the original or “basic” CDIO standards are scoped with the expectations of a bachelor program in mind, an “optional” CDIO standard indicates a more advanced or broadened competence. A set of potential optional CDIO standards is enumerated. Seven of the potential optional CDIO standards are then elaborated in the same format as the current standards, i.e., with a description, rationale and suggested evidence.
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| 7. |
- Malmqvist, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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A Survey of CDIO Implementation Globally - Effects on Educational Quality
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 11th International CDIO Conference, Chengdu, China.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CDIO approach to engineering education was introduced in the early 2000’s. Some universities have gained considerable long-term experience in applying the approach, and consequently it seems timely to summarize and evaluate those experiences. This paper thus reports the results of a survey distributed to all members of the CDIO Initiative in October 2014. The aims of the survey were to:•Map out where and in what programs/disciplines CDIO is currently applied•Evaluate the effects on outcomes, the perceived benefits, the limitations, any barriers to implementation, and ascertain future development needsForty-seven universities from twenty-two countries participated in the survey. The main findings from the survey include the following:•The most common engineering disciplines in which CDIO is implemented are Mechanical, Electrical, and Computer Engineering. However, many CDIO schools have also implemented CDIO in Industrial, Civil and Chemical Engineering.•The main motives for choosing to adapt CDIO are; ambitions to make engineering education more authentic; the need for a systematic methodology for educational design; and the desire to include more design and innovation in curricula.•Most CDIO implementations successfully achieve both goals for learning and for external recognition of educational quality.
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| 8. |
- Malmqvist, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Bibliographic Data Analysis of CDIO Conference Papers from 2005-2018
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International CDIO Conference. - 2002-1593. ; , s. 816-833
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tools for bibliometric data analysis offer opportunities to analyze the evolution of a field of study over time. VOSViewer is a popular tool for such analyses, allowing the user to create and interpret visualizations of publication data, such as word co-occurrence analysis, co-authorship networks, and geographic patterns of collaboration. Meikleham et al. (2018) previously demonstrated the utility of applying this analysis to engineering education publication data from Scopus and Web of Science. By conducting a temporal analysis, the authors demonstrated how geographic, co-authorship networks and key thematic trends changed over time.A limitation to the results found in Meikleham et al. (2018) was that, at the time of the analysis, publications from the CDIO Knowledge Library (CDIO Initiative, 2018) could not be included due to an incompatible data structure. VOSViewer requires publication metadata to be structured according to a particular standardized format, and this prevented the Knowledge Library data from being used. Over the past year, the data has been restructured for analysis as reported in this paper. The basis of the current work is a revision of the database schema for the CDIO Knowledge Library that has enabled export of CDIO conference papers to the Scopus format and subsequent import into VOSViewer for analysis. The data shows that researchers from 47 countries have contributed to the CDIO Knowledge Library with Sweden taking the lead with the maximum number of publications. Researchers tend to collaborate with the same co-authors over a period of time, thus forming networks or clusters of researchers. Each cluster of researchers tends to publish their work independently of other clusters. A newer network of authors has formed in the past 4 to 5 years who collaborate locally within a geographical region. This indicates a presence of local CDIO communities which have not yet integrated with the global CDIO community. In decreasing order of influence, CDIO Standards 8, 7, 3 and 5 have been the major focus of CDIO publications from 2005 until 2018 as indicated in the data included in this analysis.
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| 9. |
- Malmqvist, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Optional CDIO Standards : Sustainable development, Simulation-based mathematics, Engineering entrepreneurship, Internationalisation & mobility
- 2020
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Ingår i: 16th International CDIO Conference, CDIO 2020 - Proceedings. - : Chalmers University of Technology. ; 1, s. 48-59
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An effort to update the CDIO Standards from version 2.1 to 3.0 was started in 2017 (Malmqvist et al., 2017) and further outlined in 2019 (Malmqvist et at., 2019). The aims were to incorporate external changes to the context of engineering education, to address criticism that had been raised against earlier versions of the standards, and to establish an extendable CDIO framework architecture. The work has resulted in that the original twelve CDIO standards, from now on named “core” CDIO standards, will be complemented by “optional” CDIO standards, that codify additional educational best practices that have been developed within the CDIO community in the same format as the original CDIO standards. Eleven optional standards have been proposed (Malmqvist et al., 2019). This paper accounts for the elaboration of the subset of the proposed optional standards that were recommended for further development by the CDIO Council in November 2019. These recommended optional standards are presented as full texts, i.e., including descriptions, rationale and rubrics. The described optional standards are: Sustainable development, Simulation-based mathematics, Engineering entrepreneurship and Internationalization & mobility.
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| 10. |
- Malmqvist, Johan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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The CDIO Syllabus 3.0 - An Updated Statement of Goals
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International CDIO Conference. - : Chalmers University of Technology. - 2002-1593. ; , s. 18-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The CDIO Initiative is going through a process of reconsidering and updating the CDIO approach for engineering education development. Previous work resulted in substantial updates of the twelve CDIO standards and the introduction of “optional” CDIO standards. This paper reports on a similar review and update of the CDIO Syllabus to version 3.0. It has been developed by a working group consisting of four sub-groups and iterated and refined guided by feedback from the whole CDIO community. There are mainly three external drivers that motivate the changes: sustainability, digitalization, and acceleration. There is also an internal driver in the form of lessons learned within the CDIO community, from using the Syllabus in curriculum and course development. Approximately 70 updates are proposed, amongst them three additions on the X.X level, namely 1.4 Knowledge of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3.1 Teamwork and Collaboration, and 5.3 Research.
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