| 1. |
- Abgrall, N., et al.
(författare)
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The large enriched germanium experiment for neutrinoless double beta decay (LEGEND)
- 2017
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Ingår i: AIP Conference Proceedings. - : Author(s). - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. ; 1894
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) would show that lepton number is violated, reveal that neu-trinos are Majorana particles, and provide information on neutrino mass. A discovery-capable experiment covering the inverted ordering region, with effective Majorana neutrino masses of 15 - 50 meV, will require a tonne-scale experiment with excellent energy resolution and extremely low backgrounds, at the level of ∼0.1 count /(FWHM·t·yr) in the region of the signal. The current generation 76Ge experiments GERDA and the Majorana Demonstrator, utilizing high purity Germanium detectors with an intrinsic energy resolution of 0.12%, have achieved the lowest backgrounds by over an order of magnitude in the 0νββ signal region of all 0νββ experiments. Building on this success, the LEGEND collaboration has been formed to pursue a tonne-scale 76Ge experiment. The collaboration aims to develop a phased 0νββ experimental program with discovery potential at a half-life approaching or at 1028 years, using existing resources as appropriate to expedite physics results.
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| 2. |
- Bonn, Stephanieb E. E., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of a Smartphone Application on Physical Activity and Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery-Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - : SPRINGER. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 33:9, s. 2841-2850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Ways to motivate and support patients in being physically active after bariatric surgery are needed. This trial was aimed at evaluating the effect of using a smartphone application targeting physical activity during 12 weeks on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA, primary outcome) and secondary outcomes of inactivity, light physical activity (LPA), body mass index (BMI), and percent total weight loss (%TWL) after bariatric surgery.Materials and Methods Data from a randomized controlled trial comprising 146 patients (79.5% women) undergoing bariatric surgery was analyzed. Mean age and BMI pre-surgery were 40.9 years and 40.5 kg/m(2), respectively. Participants were randomized 1:1 to an intervention or a control group. Physical activity and body weight were objectively measured at baseline pre-surgery and post-surgery follow-ups after 6 weeks (weight only), 18 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year. Linear mixed models were fitted to assess longitudinal differences in outcomes between the groups.Results A significant effect of the intervention (group-by-time interaction 16.2, 95% CI 3.5 to 28.9) was seen for MVPA at 18 weeks; the intervention group had increased their MVPA since baseline, while the control group had decreased their MVPA. The control group had lowered their BMI approximately 1 kg/m(2) more than the intervention group at follow-up after 18 weeks and 12 months, yet, mean BMI did not differ between the groups. No intervention effect was seen on inactivity, LPA, or %TWL.ConclusionOur results indicate that use of a smartphone application targeting physical activity may have the potential to promote short-term MVPA post bariatric surgery.
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| 3. |
- Lindholm, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Growth heterogeneity in broiler breeder pullets is settled before the onset of feed restriction but is not predicted by size at hatch
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Science. - Champaign, IL, United States : American Society of Animal Science. - 0021-8812 .- 1525-3163. ; 95:1, s. 182-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uniform growth is a desirable trait in all large-scale animal production systems because it simplifies animal management and increases profitability. In parental broiler flocks, so-called broiler breeders, low growth uniformity is largely attributed to the feed competition that arises from quantitatively restricted feeding. As feed restriction is crucial to maintaining healthy and fertile breeders, several practices for reducing feed competition and the associated growth heterogeneity have been suggested and range from nutrient dilution by increasing fiber content in feed to intermittent fasting with increased portion size (“skip a day”), but no practice appears to be entirely effective. The fact that a large part of the heterogeneity remains even when feed competition is minimized suggests that some growth variation is caused by other factors. We investigated whether this variation arises during embryonic development (as measured by size at hatch) or during posthatch development by following the growth and body composition of birds of varying hatch sizes. Our results support the posthatch alternative, with animals that later grow to be small or large (here defined as >1 SD lighter or heavier than mean BW of the flock) being significantly different in size as early as 1 d after gaining access to feed (P < 0.05). We then investigated 2 possible causes for different postnatal growth: that high growth performance is linked 1) to interindividual variations in metabolism (as measured by cloacal temperature and verified by respirometry) or 2) to higher levels of social motivation (as measured in a social reinstatement T-maze), which should reduce the stress of being reared in large-scale commercial flocks. Neither of these follow-up hypotheses could account for the observed heterogeneity in growth. We suggest that the basis of growth heterogeneity in broiler breeder pullets may already be determined at the time of hatch in the form of qualitatively different maternal investments or immediately thereafter as an indirect result of differences in incubation conditions, hatching time, and resulting fasting time. Although this potential difference in maternal investment is not seen in body mass, tarsometatarsal length, or full body length of day-old chicks arriving at the farm, it may influence the development of differential feed and water intake during the first day of feeding, which in turn has direct effects on growth heterogeneity.
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| 4. |
- Lindholm, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Slow and steady wins the race? No signs of reduced welfare in smallerbroiler breeder hens at four weeks of age
- 2015
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Ingår i: Animal Welfare. - : Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. - 0962-7286 .- 2054-1538. ; 24:4, s. 447-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Broiler breeder chickens are commonly reared under strict feed-restriction regimes to reduce obesity-induced health and fertilityproblems during adult life, and are assumed to experience a reduced welfare due to the resulting hunger. In these conditions, feedcompetition could influence the growth rate, so that the individuals falling behind in growth would experience more stress and hunger.We hypothesised that these chickens are poor competitors due to a reactive coping style and experience a further reduced welfaresituation before size-sorting (‘grading’) at four weeks of age. Our results from open field, tonic immobility and home pen activity monitoringshow signs of lower fear and higher home-pen activity levels in smaller hens and do not support the idea of reactive coping.H/L ratios of smaller hens were also found to be lower, indicating less stress in these birds. Dissections of smaller and larger fourweekbreeder hens may offer an explanation in the form of a relatively larger gastrointestinal tract in smaller birds. We argue thatthis is a form of habituation to restricted feeding, offering these birds a physiological stress coping mechanism, and that low earlygrowth rate may not always be a sign of poorer welfare in broiler breeders.
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| 7. |
- Ask, Per, et al.
(författare)
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NovaMedTech - A regional program for supporting new medical technologies in personalized health care
- 2012
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Ingår i: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - 9781614990680 ; 177, s. 71-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- NovaMedTech is an initiative funded from EU structural funds for supporting new medical technologies for personalized health care. It aims at bringing these technologies into clinical use and to the health care market. The program has participants from health care, industry and academia in East middle Sweden. The first three year period of the program was successful in terms of product concepts tried clinically, and number of products brought to a commercialization phase. Further, the program has led to a large number of scientific publications. Among projects supported, we can mention: Intelligent sensor networks; A digital pen to collect medical information about health status from patients; A web-based intelligent stethoscope; Methodologies to measure local blood flow and nutrition using optical techniques; Blood flow assessment from ankle pressure measurements; Technologies for pressure ulcer prevention; An IR thermometer for improved accuracy; A technique that identifies individuals prone to commit suicide among depressed patients; Detection of infectious disease using an electronic nose; Identification of the lactate threshold from breath; Obesity measurements using special software and MR camera; and An optical probe guided tumor resection. During the present three years period emphasis will be on entrepreneurial activities supporting the commercialization and bringing products to the market.
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| 8. |
- Barjesteh van Waalwijk van Doorn-Khosrovani, Sahar, et al.
(författare)
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PCM4EU and PRIME-ROSE : Collaboration for implementation of precision cancer medicine in Europe
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 1651-226X .- 1651-226X. ; 63, s. 385-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In the two European Union (EU)-funded projects, PCM4EU (Personalized Cancer Medicine for all EU citizens) and PRIME-ROSE (Precision Cancer Medicine Repurposing System Using Pragmatic Clinical Trials), we aim to facilitate implementation of precision cancer medicine (PCM) in Europe by leveraging the experience from ongoing national initiatives that have already been particularly successful. PATIENTS AND METHODS: PCM4EU and PRIME-ROSE gather 17 and 24 partners, respectively, from 19 European countries. The projects are based on a network of Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP)-like clinical trials that are currently ongoing or soon to start in 11 different countries, and with more trials expected to be established soon. The main aims of both the projects are to improve implementation pathways from molecular diagnostics to treatment, and reimbursement of diagnostics and tumour-tailored therapies to provide examples of best practices for PCM in Europe. RESULTS: PCM4EU and PRIME-ROSE were launched in January and July 2023, respectively. Educational materials, including a podcast series, are already available from the PCM4EU website (http://www.pcm4eu.eu). The first reports, including an overview of requirements for the reimbursement systems in participating countries and a guide on patient involvement, are expected to be published in 2024. CONCLUSION: European collaboration can facilitate the implementation of PCM and thereby provide affordable and equitable access to precision diagnostics and matched therapies for more patients. ble from the PCM4EU website (http://www.pcm4eu.eu). The first reports, including an overview of requirements for the reimbursement systems in participating countries and a guide on patient involvement, are expected to be published in 2024. CONCLUSION: European collaboration can facilitate the implementation of PCM and thereby provide affordable and equitable access to precision diagnostics and matched therapies for more patients.
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| 9. |
- Berg, E C, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping the climate for language shift? English in Sweden's elite domains
- 2001
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Ingår i: World Englishes. - 0883-2919. ; 20:3, s. 305-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates how & to what degree English is used in specific elite domains in Sweden through analysis of (1) language requirements to participate in undergraduate & graduate programs at competitive institutions, & (2) language qualifications & language use patterns in elite professions. We find that English is used pervasively, but not exclusively. The paper also explores to what extent these language use patterns in elite domains suggest that a language shift toward English in Sweden might take place in the future. Although our data indicate that functional dominance of English is far from complete, we argue the fact that because English holds a prominent position in certain elite domains, it might be significant in influencing language ideology. Furthermore, whereas Sweden cannot presently be characterized as a nation undergoing language shift, the high status of English as the language of international communication & its significance as an important channel of communication in many elite domains are possibly important factors in shaping the climate for language use patterns of the coming decades.
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